Pulverizer system
A pulverizer may have such features as a drum having a top and bottom, a rotating shaft extending vertically in the drum having radially extending arms that create flow currents within the pulverizer to size reduce a material, and a dust collection system coupled to the outlet for extracting air and dust from the size reduced material. The pulverizer may have an ability to detect wrapping as well as possibly deter wrapping. A processor may also adjust the speed of rotation of the arms within the pulverizer and/or the speed of feed of input for various considerations. In fact the rotation direction may be reversed for at least brief periods of time in an effort to remove wrapped material. Vibration may also be sensed and efforts to prevent damage may be instigated by a processor.
1. A pulverizer comprising:
a drum having a top with an inlet and a bottom with an outlet, the inlet being operatively coupled to a conveyor for feeding the inlet at the top;
a rotating shaft extending vertically within the drum between the top and the bottom, the rotating shaft having multiple sets of rigid arms extending radially from the rotating shaft in a spaced apart manner, wherein a first set of arms is spaced apart vertically from a second set of arms, to generate flow currents within the pulverizer and reduce a size of a material input at the inlet so as to produce a size reduced material that is discharged at the outlet, the size reduced material comprising dust and a size reduced fraction;
a dust collection system coupled to the outlet for extracting a fluid mixture of air and the dust from the size reduced fraction, the dust collection system comprising:
a material opening configured to discharge the size reduced fraction;
a dust opening configured to discharge the fluid mixture; and
a fan configured to provide suction at the dust opening to separate the fluid mixture from the size reduced material and discharge the fluid mixture;
an outlet conveyor operatively coupled to the material opening; and
a processor programmed to:
control a speed of the rotating shaft to thereby increase or decrease the flow currents generated by the multiple sets of rigid arms;
control the suction of the fan; and
control a speed of the conveyor to control an infeed rate of the material input at the inlet;
wherein the dust in the fluid mixture has a dust particulate size smaller than a size of the size reduced fraction; and
wherein:
the dust collection system is configured for separating the dust from the air and returning the dust to the outlet conveyor; and
the outlet conveyor is configured to redirect at least a portion of the size reduced fraction to the inlet when the at least a portion of the size reduced fraction meets a predetermined condition.
2. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the dust collection system includes a variable vacuum controlled by the processor.
3. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further programmed to:
control an airlock coupled to the material opening.
4. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the dust collection system includes one or more bags or one or more hoppers operatively coupled to the dust opening for collecting the dust.
5. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the dust collection system is configured for directing the dust towards a dust collection hopper, and the dust collection hopper is configured to return the dust to the outlet conveyor.
6. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the dust collection system further comprises at least one of:
a conduit extending from the outlet, wherein the material opening and the dust opening are in the conduit; and
a plenum extending from the dust opening and wherein the fan is operatively coupled to the plenum to provide the suction.
7. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further programmed to control the speed of the rotating shaft by controlling a speed of a motor driving the rotating shaft.
8. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further programmed to provide a ramp up routine to increase at least one of:
a speed of a motor driving the rotating shaft to an optimal speed of the motor;
the speed of the rotating shaft to an optimal speed of the rotating shaft; or
the speed of the conveyor to an optimal speed of the conveyor.
9. The pulverizer of claim 8 , wherein the ramp up routine comprises at least one of a linear increase, a non-linear curve increase, or predetermined intermediate speeds to reach the optimum speed of the motor, the rotating shaft, and/or the conveyor.
10. The pulverizer of claim 9 , wherein the ramp up routine comprises:
increasing the speed of the rotating shaft to the optimal speed of the rotating shaft while controlling the speed of the conveyor to decrease and/or maintain a predetermined speed.
11. The pulverizer of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of:
a sensor on the inlet and/or conveyor to sense the infeed rate of the material input at the inlet, wherein the processor is programmed to select the speed of the conveyor and/or the speed of the rotating shaft based on information received by the sensor;
one or more shelves coupled to an inner surface of the drum, wherein the processor is programmed to control a height of the one or more shelves in the drum; or
an access door providing access to an interior of the drum, wherein the processor is programmed to prevent the access door from opening when the rotating shaft is rotating.
12. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the processor is programmed to simultaneously controls the speed of the rotating shaft and the speed of the conveyor based on a power consumption of the pulverizer or a motor driving the rotating shaft.
13. The pulverizer of claim 12 , wherein the processor is programed to at least one of:
control the speed of the conveyor to maintain a stable power level based on the power consumption;
decrease the speed of the conveyor in response to an increased power consumption by the motor; or
increase the speed of the conveyor in response to a decreased power consumption by the motor.
14. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the processor is programmed to;
control the outlet conveyor to cause the at least a portion of the size reduced fraction to be redirected back to the inlet; and/or
control a speed of the outlet conveyor.
15. The pulverizer of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined condition is based on a relative size of the at least a portion of the size reduced fraction.
16. A pulverizer comprising:
a drum having a top with an inlet and a bottom with an outlet, the inlet being operatively coupled to a conveyor for feeding the inlet at the top;
a rotating shaft extending vertically within the drum between the top and the bottom, the rotating shaft having multiple sets of rigid arms extending radially from the rotating shaft in a spaced apart manner, wherein a first set of arms is spaced apart vertically from a second set of arms, to generate flow currents within the pulverizer and reduce a size of a material input at the inlet so as to produce a size reduced material that is discharged at the outlet, the size reduced material comprising dust and a size reduced fraction;
a dust collection system coupled to the outlet for extracting a fluid mixture of air and the dust from the size reduced fraction, the dust collection system comprising:
a material opening configured to discharge the size reduced fraction;
a dust opening configured to discharge the fluid mixture; and
a fan configured to provide suction at the dust opening to separate the fluid mixture from the size reduced material and discharge the fluid mixture;
an outlet conveyor operatively coupled to the material; and
a processor for simultaneously controlling a speed of the rotating shaft and a speed of the conveyor based on a power consumption of the pulverizer or a motor driving the rotating shaft,
wherein the processor further controls an airflow through the dust collection system; and
wherein:
the dust collection system is configured for separating the dust from the air and returning the dust to the outlet conveyor; and
the outlet conveyor is configured to redirect at least a portion of the size reduced fraction to the inlet when the at least a portion of the size reduced fraction meets a predetermined condition.
17. The pulverizer of claim 16 , wherein the processor is programmed to control the airflow through the dust collection system by at least one of:
control the speed of the rotating shaft to thereby increase or decrease the flow currents generated by the multiple sets of rigid arms;
control the suction of the fan; or
control an airlock coupled to the material opening to effect at least one of: maintaining a desired pressure inside the drum, controlling a pressure within the drum, and maximizing efficiency of the fan to selectively remove the dust of a given dust particulate size.
18. The pulverizer of claim 16 , wherein the processor is programmed to at least one of:
control the speed of the conveyor to maintain a stable power level based on the power consumption;
decrease the speed of the conveyor in response to an increased power consumption by the motor; or
increases the speed of the conveyor in response to a decreased power consumption by the motor.
19. The pulverizer of claim 16 , wherein the processor is programmed to select the speed of the conveyor and/or the speed of the rotating shaft based on a type of the material input at the inlet.
20. The pulverizer of claim 16 , wherein least one of:
the pulverizer further comprises a sensor on the inlet and/or conveyor to sense the infeed rate of the material input at the inlet, wherein the processor is programmed to select the speed of the conveyor and/or the speed of the rotating shaft based on information received by the sensor;
the pulverizer further comprises one or more shelves coupled to an inner surface of the drum, wherein the processor is programmed to control a height of the one or more shelves in the drum;
the pulverizer further comprises an access door providing access to an interior of the drum, wherein the processor is-is-programmed to prevent the access door from opening when the rotating shaft is rotating; or
wherein the processor is programmed to control the outlet conveyor to cause the at least a portion of the size reduced fraction to be redirected back to the inlet; and
the predetermined condition is based on a relative size of the at least a portion of the size reduced fraction.