IP Library Granted Patent US 12,384,004
Granted Patent B2
US 12,384,004 · App. 18/544,685 · Granted Aug 12, 2025

Abrasive articles and methods of forming same

Inventors: Anthony Martone (Belmont, MA); Hua Fan (Southborough, MA); Kelley McNeal (Northborough, MA)
Assignees: SAINT-GOBAIN ABRASIVES, INC.; SAINT-GOBAIN ABRASIFS
B24D11/02B24D3/00B24D11/005
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,384,004
App. No.
18/544,685
Granted
Aug 12, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

An abrasive article includes a backing; a make coat overlying the backing; and a plurality of abrasive particles overlying the backing and at least partially contained in the make coat; and a make coat thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) of not greater than 1.5, wherein Tg is the average thickness of the make coat at the sides of the abrasive particles and the Ta is the average thickness of the make coat.

Claims (53)

1. An abrasive article comprising:

a backing;

a make coat overlying the backing;

a plurality of abrasive particles overlying the backing and at least partially contained in the make coat;

a make coat thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) of not greater than 1.5, wherein Tg is the average thickness of the make coat at the sides of the abrasive particles and the Ta is the average thickness of the make coat;

and wherein at least 60% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees; and

wherein the plurality of abrasive particles comprises a plurality of shaped abrasive particles, each of the shaped abrasive particles of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles including at least 3 interior corners, wherein each of the shaped abrasive particles comprises a body including a first major surface, a second major surface opposite the first major surface, and a side surface extending between the first major surface and the second major surface;

and wherein not greater than 50% of the total number of shaped abrasive particles have a crack at an interior corner on the first major surface.

2. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the body of each of the shaped abrasive particles comprises at least 3 exterior corners and wherein the side surface comprises at least 4 side surface sections.

3. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the shaped abrasive particles have a three-pointed star two-dimensional shape as viewed in a plane of a length and width of the body.

4. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) is not greater than 1.5 and at least 0.70.

5. The abrasive article of claim 4 , wherein the thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) is not greater than 1.5 and at least 0.80.

6. The abrasive article of claim 5 , wherein the thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) is not greater than 1.5 and at least 0.90.

7. The abrasive article of claim 4 , wherein the make coat comprises a thickness standard deviation at the sides of the abrasive particles (STDTg) of not greater than 70 microns.

8. The abrasive article of claim 7 , wherein the make coat thickness standard deviation at the sides of the abrasive particles (STDTg) is at least 10 microns and not greater than 70 microns.

9. The abrasive article of claim 8 , wherein the make coat thickness standard deviation at the sides of the abrasive particles (STDTg) is at least 10 microns and not greater than 65 microns.

10. The abrasive article of claim 7 , wherein at least 70% of the total plurality of abrasive particles comprising a plurality of shaped abrasive particles are well oriented.

11. The abrasive article of claim 10 , wherein at least 80% of the plurality of abrasive particles comprising a plurality of shaped abrasive particles are well oriented.

12. The abrasive article of claim 7 , further comprising a coating density of well oriented particles of at least 42 grains/cm 2 .

13. The abrasive article of claim 12 , further comprising a coating density of well oriented particles of at least 46 grains/cm 2 .

14. The abrasive article of claim 4 , further comprising a standing portion of shaped abrasive particles (Pst) having a standing orientation and a slanted portion (Psl) of shaped abrasive particles having a slanted orientation, and further comprising a ratio of the standing portion relative to the slanted portion (Pst/Psl) of at least 1 and not greater than 100.

15. The abrasive article of claim 4 , further comprising a standing portion of shaped abrasive particles (Pst) having a standing orientation and a fallen portion (Pf) of shaped abrasive particles having a fallen orientation, and further comprising a ratio of the standing portion relative to the fallen portion (Pst/Pf) of at least 2.0 and not greater than 1000.

16. The abrasive article of claim 15 , further comprising a percentage of fallen shaped abrasive particles having a tilt angle of 0 to 5 degrees of not greater than 20% of the plurality of abrasive particles comprising a plurality of shaped abrasive particles.

17. An abrasive article comprising:

a backing;

a make coat overlying the backing;

a plurality of abrasive particles overlying the backing and at least partially contained in the make coat;

a make coat thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) of at least 0.7 and not greater than 1.5, wherein Tg is the average thickness of the make coat at the sides of the abrasive particles and the Ta is the average thickness of the make coat;

wherein at least 60% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees; and

wherein the make coat comprises a thickness standard deviation at the sides of the abrasive particles (STDTg) of at least 10 microns and not greater than 70 microns.

18. The abrasive article of claim 17 , wherein the thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) is not greater than 1.5 and at least 1.

19. The abrasive article of claim 18 , wherein at least 80% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees.

20. The abrasive article of claim 19 , wherein the shaped abrasive particles have a three-pointed star two-dimensional shape as viewed in a plane of a length and width of the body.

21. An abrasive article comprising:

a backing;

a make coat overlying the backing;

a plurality of abrasive particles overlying the backing and at least partially contained in the make coat;

a make coat thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) of at least 0.7 and not greater than 1.5, wherein Tg is the average thickness of the make coat at the sides of the abrasive particles and the Ta is the average thickness of the make coat;

wherein at least 60% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees; and

further comprising a standing portion of abrasive particles (Pst) having a standing orientation and a slanted portion (Psl) of abrasive particles having a slanted orientation, and further comprising a ratio of the standing portion relative to the slanted portion (Pst/Psl) of at least 1 and not greater than 100.

22. The abrasive article of claim 21 , wherein the thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) is not greater than 1.5 and at least 1.

23. The abrasive article of claim 22 , wherein at least 80% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees.

24. The abrasive article of claim 23 , wherein the shaped abrasive particles have a three-pointed star two-dimensional shape as viewed in a plane of a length and width of the body.

25. An abrasive article comprising:

a backing;

a make coat overlying the backing;

a plurality of abrasive particles overlying the backing and at least partially contained in the make coat;

a make coat thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) of at least 0.7 and not greater than 1.5, wherein Tg is the average thickness of the make coat at the sides of the abrasive particles and the Ta is the average thickness of the make coat;

wherein at least 60% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees; and

further comprising a standing portion of abrasive particles (Pst) having a standing orientation and a fallen portion (Pf) of abrasive particles having a fallen orientation, and further comprising a ratio of the standing portion relative to the fallen portion (Pst/Pf) of at least 2.0 and not greater than 1000.

26. The abrasive article of claim 25 , wherein the thickness ratio (Tg/Ta) is not greater than 1.5 and at least 1.

27. The abrasive article of claim 26 , wherein at least 80% of the total number of the abrasive particles are well oriented having a tilt angle of 5 to 90 degrees.

28. The abrasive article of claim 27 , wherein the shaped abrasive particles have a three-pointed star two-dimensional shape as viewed in a plane of a length and width of the body.

Continuity (3)
Continuation 18148403 · Dec 29, 2022
Provisional Application 63266269 · Dec 30, 2021
Related Publication 20240116153A1 · Apr 11, 2024
References Cited (400)
US 345604A · Semper · 1886 [cited by applicant]
US 1910444A · Nicholson · 1933 [cited by applicant]
US 2033991A · Melton et al. · 1936 [cited by applicant]
US 2036903A · Webster · 1936 [cited by applicant]
US 2049874A · Sherk · 1936 [cited by applicant]
US 2148400A · Crompton, Jr. · 1939 [cited by applicant]
US 2248064A · Carlton et al. · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2248990A · Heany · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2290877A · Heany · 1942 [cited by applicant]
US 2318360A · Benner et al. · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2376343A · Carlton · 1945 [cited by applicant]
US 2563650A · Heinemann · 1951 [cited by applicant]
US 2880080A · Rankin et al. · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 3041156A · Rowse et al. · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3067551A · Maginnis · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3079242A · Glasgow · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3079243A · Ueltz · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3123948A · Kistler et al. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3141271A · Fischer et al. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3276852A · Lemelson · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3377660A · Marshall et al. · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3379543A · Norwalk · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3387957A · Howard · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3454385A · Amero · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3477180A · Robertson, Jr. et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3480395A · McMullen et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3481723A · Kistler et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3491492A · Ueltz · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3495359A · Smith et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3536005A · Derrickson · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3590799A · Guuchowicz · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3608050A · Carman et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3608134A · Cook · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3615308A · Amero · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3619151A · Sheets, Jr. et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3637360A · Ueltz · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3670467A · Walker · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3672934A · Larry · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3808747A · Kenagy · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3819785A · Argyle et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3859407A · Blanding et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3874856A · Leeds · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3909991A · Coes, Jr. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3940276A · Wilson · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3950148A · Fukuda et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3960577A · Prochazka · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3977132A · Sekigawa · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3986885A · Lankard · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3991527A · Maran · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4004934A · Prochazka · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4037367A · Kruse · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4045919A · Moritomo · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4055451A · Cockbain et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4073096A · Ueltz et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4114322A · Greenspan · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4150078A · Miller et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4194887A · Ueltz et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4252544A · Takahashi · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4261706A · Blanding et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4286905A · Samanta · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4304576A · Hattori et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4314827A · Leitheiser et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4341663A · Derleth et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4393021A · Eisenberg et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4452911A · Eccles et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4457767A · Poon et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4469758A · Scott · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4505720A · Gabor et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4541842A · Rostoker · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4548617A · Miyatani et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4570048A · Poole · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4618349A · Hashimoto et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4623364A · Cottringer et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4656330A · Poole · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4657754A · Bauer et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4659341A · Ludwig et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4678560A · Stole et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4711750A · Scott · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4728043A · Ersdal et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4744802A · Schwabel · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4770671A · Monroe · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4786292A · Janz et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4797139A · Bauer · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4797269A · Bauer et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4799939A · Bloecher et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4829027A · Cutler et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4832706A · Yates · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4848041A · Kruschke · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4858527A · Masanao · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4863573A · Moore et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4876226A · Fuentes · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4881951A · Wood et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4917852A · Poole et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4918116A · Gardziella et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4925457A · Dekok et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4925815A · Tani et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4930266A · Calhoun et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4942011A · Bolt et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4954462A · Wood · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4960441A · Pellow et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4961757A · Rhodes et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4963012A · Tracy · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4964883A · Morris et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4970057A · Wilkens et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4997461A · Markhoff-Matheny et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5000760A · Ohtsubo et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5008222A · Kameda · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5009675A · Kunz et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5009676A · Rue et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5011508A · Wald et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5011510A · Hayakawa et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5014468A · Ravipati et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5024795A · Kennedy et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5032304A · Toyota · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5035723A · Kalinowski et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5035724A · Pukari et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5042991A · Kunz et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5049165A · Tselesin · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5049166A · Kirkendall · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5049645A · Nagaoka et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5053367A · Newkirk et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5053369A · Winkler et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5076991A · Poole et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5078753A · Broberg et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5081082A · Hai-Doo et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5085671A · Martin et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5090968A · Pellow · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5094986A · Matsumoto et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5098740A · Tewari · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5103598A · Kelly · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5108963A · Fu et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5114438A · Leatherman et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5120327A · Dennis · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5123935A · Kanamaru et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5129919A · Kalinowski et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5131926A · Rostoker et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5132984A · Simpson · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5139978A · Wood · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5152917A · Pieper et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5160509A · Carman et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5164744A · Yoshida et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5173457A · Shorthouse · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5178849A · Bauer · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5180630A · Giglia · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5185012A · Kelly · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5185299A · Wood et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5190568A · Tselesin · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5194072A · Rue et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5201916A · Berg et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5203886A · Sheldon et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5213591A · Celikkaya et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5215552A · Sung · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5219462A · Bruxvoort et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5219806A · Wood · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5221294A · Carman et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5224970A · Harakawa et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5227104A · Bauer · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5244477A · Rue et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5244849A · Roy et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5273558A · Nelson et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5277702A · Thibault et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5282875A · Wood · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5288297A · Ringwood · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5300130A · Rostoker · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5304331A · Leonard et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5312789A · Wood · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5312791A · Coblenz et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5314513A · Miller et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5366523A · Rowenhorst et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5366525A · Fujiyama · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5372620A · Rowse et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5373786A · Umaba · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5376598A · Preedy et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5376602A · Nilsen · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5383945A · Cottringer et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5395407A · Cottringer et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5409645A · Torre, Jr. et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5429648A · Wu · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5431967A · Manthiram · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5435816A · Spurgeon et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5437754A · Calhoun · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5441549A · Helmin · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443603A · Kirkendall · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5447894A · Yasuoka et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5453106A · Roberts · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5454844A · Hibbard et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5470806A · Krstic et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5479873A · Shintani et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5482756A · Berger et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5486496A · Talbert et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5489318A · Erickson et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5496386A · Broberg et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5498268A · Gagliardi et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5500273A · Holmes et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5514631A · Cottringer et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5516347A · Garg · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5516348A · Conwell et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5523074A · Takahashi et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5525100A · Kelly et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5527369A · Garg · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5543368A · Talbert et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5549962A · Holmes et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5551963A · Larmie · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5560745A · Roberts · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5567150A · Conwell et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5567214A · Ashley · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5567251A · Peker et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571297A · Swei et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5576409A · Mackey · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5578095A · Bland et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5578222A · Trischuk et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5582625A · Wright et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5584896A · Broberg et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5584897A · Christianson et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5591685A · Mitomo et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5593468A · Khaund et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5599493A · Ito et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5603738A · Zeiringer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5609706A · Benedict et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5611829A · Monroe et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5618221A · Furukawa et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5628952A · Holmes et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5641469A · Garg et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US RE35570E · Rowenhorst et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5645619A · Erickson et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5651925A · Ashley et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5656217A · Rogers et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5667542A · Law et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5669941A · Peterson · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5669943A · Horton et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5672097A · Hoopman · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5672554A · Mohri et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5683844A · Mammino · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5702811A · Ho et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5725162A · Garg et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5736619A · Kane et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5738696A · Wu · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5738697A · Wu et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5751313A · Miyashita et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5759481A · Pujari et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5776214A · Wood · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5779743A · Wood · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5785722A · Garg et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5810587A · Bruns et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5820450A · Calhoun · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5830248A · Christianson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5840089A · Chesley et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5849646A · Stout et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5855997A · Amateau · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5863306A · Wei et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5866254A · Peker et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5876793A · Sherman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5885311A · McCutcheon et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5893935A · Wood · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5902647A · Venkataramani · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5908477A · Harmer et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5908478A · Wood · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5919549A · Van et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5924917A · Benedict et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5946991A · Hoopman · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5975987A · Hoopman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5980678A · Tselesin · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5984988A · Berg et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5989301A · Laconto, Sr. et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5997597A · Hagan · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6016660A · Abramshe · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6019805A · Herron · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6024824A · Krech · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6027326A · Cesarano, III et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6039775A · Ho et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6048577A · Garg · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6053956A · Wood · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6054093A · Torre, Jr. et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6080215A · Stubbs et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6080216A · Erickson · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6083622A · Garg et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6096107A · Caracostas et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6110241A · Sung · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6129540A · Hoopman et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6136288A · Bauer et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6146247A · Nokubi et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6179887B1 · Barber, Jr. et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6206942B1 · Wood · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6228134B1 · Erickson · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6238450B1 · Garg et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6258137B1 · Garg et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6258141B1 · Sung et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6261682B1 · Law · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6264710B1 · Erickson · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6277160B1 · Stubbs et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6277161B1 · Castro et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6283997B1 · Garg et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6284690B1 · Nakahata et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287353B1 · Celikkaya · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6306007B1 · Mori et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6312324B1 · Mitsui et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6319108B1 · Adefris et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6331343B1 · Perez et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6371842B1 · Romero · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6391812B1 · Araki et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6398989B1 · Bergstrom · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6401795B1 · Cesarano, III et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6403001B1 · Hayashi · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6406200B2 · Mahoney · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6413286B1 · Swei et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6428392B1 · Sunahara et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6451076B1 · Nevoret et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6475253B2 · Culler et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6500493B2 · Swei et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6511938B1 · Liu · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6524681B1 · Seitz et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6531423B1 · Schwetz et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6537140B1 · Miller et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6579819B2 · Hirosaki et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6582623B1 · Grumbine et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6583080B1 · Rosenflanz · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6599177B2 · Nevoret et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6620214B2 · McArdle · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6646019B2 · Perez et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6652361B1 · Gash et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6669745B2 · Prichard et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6685755B2 · Ramanath et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6696258B1 · Wei et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6702650B2 · Adefris · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6737378B2 · Hirosaki et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6749496B2 · Mota et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6750173B2 · Rizkalla · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6752700B2 · Duescher · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6755729B2 · Ramanath et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6802878B1 · Monroe · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6821196B2 · Oliver · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6833014B2 · Welygan et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6843815B1 · Thurber et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6846795B2 · Lant et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6878456B2 · Castro et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6881483B2 · McArdle et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6888360B1 · Connell et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6913824B2 · Culler et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6942561B2 · Mota et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6949128B2 · Annen · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6951504B2 · Adefris et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6974930B2 · Jense · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7022179B1 · Dry · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7044989B2 · Welygan et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7112621B2 · Rohrbaugh et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7141522B2 · Rosenflanz et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7168267B2 · Rosenflanz et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7169198B2 · Moeltgen et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7267604B2 · Yoshizawa et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7267700B2 · Collins et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7294158B2 · Welygan et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7297170B2 · Welygan et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7297402B2 · Evans et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7364788B2 · Kishbaugh et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7373887B2 · Jackson · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7384437B2 · Welygan et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7404832B2 · Ohtsubo et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7488544B2 · Schofalvi et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7507268B2 · Rosenflanz · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7553346B2 · Welygan et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7556558B2 · Palmgren · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7560062B2 · Gould et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7560139B2 · Thebault et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7563293B2 · Rosenflanz · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7611795B2 · Aoyama et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7618684B2 · Nesbitt · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7632434B2 · Duescher · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7651386B2 · Sung · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7662735B2 · Rosenflanz et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7666344B2 · Schofalvi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7666475B2 · Morrison · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7669658B2 · Barron et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7670679B2 · Krishna et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7695542B2 · Drivdahl et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7858189B2 · Wagener et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7867302B2 · Nevoret et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7906057B2 · Zhang et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7968147B2 · Fang et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7972430B2 · Millard et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8021449B2 · Seth et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8034137B2 · Erickson et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8049136B2 · Mase et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8070556B2 · Kumar et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8123828B2 · Culler et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8141484B2 · Ojima et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8142531B2 · Adefris et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8142532B2 · Erickson et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8142891B2 · Culler et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8251774B2 · Joseph et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8256091B2 · Duescher · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8333360B2 · Rule et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8440602B2 · Gonzales et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8440603B2 · Gonzales et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8445422B2 · Gonzales et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8470759B2 · Gonzales et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8480772B2 · Welygan et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8530682B2 · Sachs · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8568497B2 · Sheridan · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8628597B2 · Palmgren et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8783589B2 · Hart et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]