Method and apparatus for positioning a vehicle based on UWB
Provided are a UWB-based method and apparatus for positioning a vehicle. The method includes: receiving, by the UWB module, UWB signals sent by UWB anchors on the vehicle, and acquiring a first relative distance parameter between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the UWB signals; determining, when the first relative distance parameter is within a first preset distance range, direction information of the vehicle based on the UWB signals; determining, when the first relative distance parameter is within a second preset distance range, relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the UWB signals; and outputting vehicle guidance information based on the direction information of the vehicle or the relative position information. A maximum distance parameter in the second preset distance range is less than a minimum distance parameter in the first preset distance range.
1. A method for positioning a vehicle based on an ultra-wideband (UWB), applied in an intelligent key including a UWB module, the method comprising:
receiving, by the UWB module, UWB signals sent by UWB anchors configured on the vehicle, and acquiring, based on the UWB signals, a first relative distance parameter between the intelligent key and the vehicle;
determining, when the first relative distance parameter is within a first preset distance range, direction information of the vehicle based on the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors;
determining, when the first relative distance parameter is within a second preset distance range, relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors; wherein a maximum distance parameter in the second preset distance range is less than a minimum distance parameter in the first preset distance range; and
outputting vehicle guidance information based on the direction information or the relative position information of the vehicle.
2. The method as described in claim 1 , wherein the intelligent key further includes a Bluetooth low energy (BLE) module, and prior to receiving, by the UWB module, the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors configured on the vehicle, the method further comprises:
receiving, based by the BLE module, a Bluetooth signal sent by a Bluetooth module configured on the vehicle;
determining a second relative distance parameter between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the Bluetooth signal; and
causing, when the second relative distance parameter is less than a preset distance threshold, the UWB module to enter a wakeup state, wherein the preset distance threshold is greater than a maximum distance parameter in the first preset distance range.
3. The method as described in claim 1 , wherein the determining the relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors comprises:
acquiring time of flight (TOF) distance parameters between the intelligent key and the UWB anchors;
estimating preliminary position information based on the TOF distance parameters; and
determining the relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle according to the preliminary position information.
4. The method as described in claim 3 , wherein the determining the relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle according to the preliminary position information comprises:
acquiring weight coefficients of the UWB anchors; and
determining the relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the weight coefficients and the preliminary position information.
5. The method as described in claim 4 , wherein the acquiring the weight coefficients of the UWB anchors comprises:
matching data groups with a preset correlation curve, wherein each data group includes a received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the UWB signal sent by a corresponding UWB anchor of the UWB anchors and the TOF distance parameter between the intelligent key and the corresponding UWB anchor, and the preset correlation curve represents a corresponding relationship between reference distances and RSSIs; and
assigning the weight coefficients according to degrees of fitting between the data groups and the preset correlation curve.
6. The method as described in claim 4 , wherein the acquiring the weight coefficients of the UWB anchors comprises:
acquiring channel impulse response (CIR) features based on the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors; and
assigning the weight coefficients according to the CIR features corresponding to the UWB anchors.
7. The method as described in claim 4 , wherein the acquiring the weight coefficients of the UWB anchors comprises:
calculating estimated distance parameters between the intelligent key and the UWB anchors based on the preliminary position information;
calculating distance residuals based on the estimated distance parameters and the corresponding TOF distance parameters; and
assigning the weight coefficients according to the distance residuals corresponding to the UWB anchors.
8. An apparatus for positioning a vehicle based on an ultra-wideband (UWB), applied in an intelligent key including a UWB module, the apparatus comprising:
an acquisition module configured to receive, based on the UWB module, UWB signals sent by UWB anchors configured on the vehicle, and acquire, based on the UWB signals, a first relative distance parameter between the intelligent key and the vehicle;
a first determination module configured to determine, when the first relative distance parameter is within a first preset distance range, direction information of the vehicle based on the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors;
a second determination module configured to determine, when the first relative distance parameter is within a second preset distance range, relative position information between the intelligent key and the vehicle based on the UWB signals sent by the UWB anchors, wherein a maximum distance parameter in the second preset distance range is less than a minimum distance parameter in the first preset distance range; and
an output module configured to output vehicle guidance information based on the direction information or the relative position information of the vehicle.
9. An intelligent key, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, performs the method as described in claim 1 .
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method as described in claim 1 is performed.