Light-emitting device and electronic apparatus including the same
A light-emitting device includes an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer include a mixture of a first material, a second material, and a third material, wherein the first material includes an electron transport compound, the second material includes a metal-containing material, and the third material includes a low-refractive-index compound. An electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device is also provided.
1. A light-emitting device comprising:
a first pixel electrode in a first emission area;
a second pixel electrode in a second emission area;
a third pixel electrode in a third emission area;
a counter electrode facing the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode; and
an interlayer between the first to third pixel electrodes and the counter electrode, wherein
the interlayer comprises:
an emission layer; and
an electron transport region between the emission layer and the counter electrode,
the emission layer comprises:
a first emission layer corresponding to the first emission area and emitting first-color light;
a second emission layer corresponding to the second emission area and emitting second-color light; and
a third emission layer corresponding to the third emission area and emitting third-color light,
the electron transport region comprises an electron transport layer,
the electron transport layer comprises a mixture of a first material, a second material, and a third material,
the first material comprises an electron transport compound,
the second material comprises a metal-containing material,
the third material comprises a low-refractive-index compound, and
the first material, the second material, and the third material are different from each other.
2. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first-color light, the second-color light, and the third-color light are each emitted by secondary resonance.
3. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein
the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode are each an anode,
the counter electrode is a cathode,
the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode are each a reflective electrode, and
the cathode is a transmissive electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode.
4. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein
the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode are each an anode,
the counter electrode is a cathode,
the interlayer further comprises a hole transport region between the emission layer and the first to third pixel electrodes, and
the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or a combination thereof.
5. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport layer has a single-layered structure consisting of a mixture of the first material, the second material, and the third material.
6. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport layer directly contacts the emission layer.
7. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport layer directly contacts the counter electrode.
8. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a refractive index of the electron transport layer is equal to or less than about 1.65.
9. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport compound comprises at least one π electron-deficient nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 cyclic group.
10. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport compound is a fluoro-free compound.
11. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the metal-containing material comprises an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or a combination thereof.
12. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a refractive index of the low-refractive-index compound is equal to or less than about 1.45.
13. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive-index compound comprises at least one fluoro group (—F).
14. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive-index compound is a polymer compound.
15. The light-emitting device of claim 14 , wherein the polymer compound is an oligomer-polymer having a molecular weight equal to or less than about 5,000.
16. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive-index compound is a compound represented by Formula 1:
wherein in Formula 1,
T 1 is C(Z 11 )(Z 12 ), Si(Z 11 )(Z 12 ), O, or S,
d1 is an integer from 0 to 3,
Y 1 is C(Z 21 ), Si(Z 21 ), O, or S,
Y 2 is C(Z 22 ), Si(Z 22 ), O, or S,
Y 3 is C(Z 23 )(Z 24 ), Si(Z 23 )(Z 24 ), O, or S,
Y 4 is C(Z 25 )(Z 26 ), Si(Z 25 )(Z 26 ), O, or S,
Y 5 is C(Z 27 )(Z 28 ), Si(Z 27 )(Z 28 ), O, or S,
d2 is an integer from 0 to 3,
T 3 is C(Z 31 )(Z 32 ), Si(Z 31 )(Z 32 ), O, or S,
d3 is an integer from 0 to 3,
the sum of d1, d2, and d3 is 1 or more,
Z 11 , Z 12 , Z 21 to Z 28 , Z 31 , and Z 32 are each independently:
hydrogen, deuterium, or —F; or
a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one —F, and
n1 is an integer from 10 to 500.
17. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a mixture of the first material, the second material, and the third material is evenly dispersed in the electron transport layer.
18. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a weight of the third material is in a range of about 30 parts by weight to about 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the first material, the second material, and the third material.
19. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a weight of the second material is in a range of about 40 parts by weight to about 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the first material and the second material.
20. An electronic apparatus comprising the light-emitting device of claim 1 .