IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,390,056
Granted Patent B2
US 12,390,056 · App. 18/404,202 · Granted Aug 19, 2025

Monitoring modules for hand hygiene dispensers

Inventors: Jeffrey Rospierski (Alden, NY); David L. Snodgrass (Saint Paul, MN); Andrew M. Schultz (Minneapolis, MN); Viktor Slobodyan (Duluth, MN); Cheryl A. Littau (Apple Valley, MN); Kenneth T. Dobizl (Mounds View, MN)
Assignee: Ecolab USA Inc.
A47K5/1217G08B21/245G16H40/20
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,390,056
App. No.
18/404,202
Granted
Aug 19, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A wireless dispenser beacon module for a product dispenser comprises a bottle presence trigger configured to detect one of presence or absence of a product bottle in the product dispenser; an actuation sensor configured to detect actuation of the product dispenser; and a module controller configured to wirelessly transmit dispenser data indicative of the detected one of presence or absence of the product bottle in the product dispenser associated with each detected actuation of the product dispenser.

Claims (31)

1. A dispenser system comprising:

a dispenser beacon module configured to monitor actuations of a product dispenser, the dispenser beacon module including:

a module controller configured to generate dispenser data for each of a plurality of detected actuations of the product dispenser; and

one or more wireless transceivers configured to wirelessly transmit and/or receive data, wherein at least one of the one or more wireless transceivers is configured to wirelessly transmit and/or receive at least a portion of the dispenser data,

wherein the dispenser beacon module further includes a module housing sized to fit within a housing of the product dispenser, the module housing including a module base, and a bottle presence trigger configured on or about an outer surface of the module housing such that presence of a product bottle in the housing of the product dispenser provides a bottle presence signal indicative of presence of the product bottle in the housing of the product dispenser.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller is configured to receive identification information from one of a plurality of badges associated with one or more of the plurality of detected actuations of the product dispenser.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the dispenser data for each of the plurality of detected actuations of the product dispenser includes the identification information.

4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the product dispenser is one of a manually actuated hand hygiene product dispenser or a touch free hand hygiene product dispenser.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller is configured to receive a dispenser actuation signal from a switch that detects actuation of the product dispenser.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the product dispenser is one of a manual product dispenser or a touch free product dispenser.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller is further configured to store a dispense event count upon receipt of a dispenser actuation signal.

8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a bottle presence trigger including a switch that changes from a first state to a second state when a product bottle is installed into the product dispenser; and wherein the module controller is further configured to reset a dispense event count when the product bottle is installed.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the dispenser data includes the dispense event count.

10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the bottle presence trigger includes one of a plunger switch, a pin switch, or a rocker switch.

11. The system of claim 1 , further including an indicator that is illuminated by the module controller upon receipt of a dispenser actuation signal.

12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module housing further includes a module cover.

13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module housing is sized to be received into a receptacle within the housing of the product dispenser.

14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller is internal to the module housing.

15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller further determines status information corresponding to each of the detected actuations of the product dispenser, the status information including at least one of a battery level associated with the dispenser beacon module or a battery level associated with the product dispenser.

16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dispenser data for each of the plurality of the detected actuations of the product dispenser further includes at least one of a battery level associated with the dispenser beacon module, a battery level associated with the product dispenser, and a dispense event count.

17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dispenser beacon module further includes a power source that provides power to the module controller.

18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller receives power from the product dispenser.

19. The system of claim 1 , wherein the module controller receives power from one or more batteries that also provide power to the product dispenser.

20. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a computing system including:

one or more processors; and

one or more non-transitory storage devices comprising instructions that when executed by the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to:

for each of a plurality of product dispensers, analyze dispenser data received for each of a plurality of detected actuations of the product dispenser and identify one or more of the detected actuations of the product dispenser for which the dispenser data includes a product bottle absence indication.

21. The system of claim 20 , further comprising instructions that when executed by the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to generate an alert including the detected product bottle absence indication.

22. The system of claim 20 , further comprising instructions that when executed by the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to, for each of the plurality of product dispensers, detect installation of a product bottle in the product dispenser.

23. The system of claim 20 , wherein the computing device is configured to generate a product bottle replacement indication upon detection of installation of the product bottle in the product dispenser.

24. The system of claim 20 , wherein the computing device is configured to generate a product bottle removal indication upon detection of removal of the product bottle from the product dispenser.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded May 29, 2024
From: ROSPIERSKI, JEFFREY; SNODGRASS, DAVID L.; SLOBODYAN, VIKTOR; SCHULTZ, ANDREW M.; LITTAU, CHERYL A.; DOBIZL, KENNETH THOMAS
To: ECOLAB USA INC.
Reel/Frame 067549/0339 →
Continuity (4)
Continuation 17648389 · Jan 19, 2022
Continuation 15912999 · Mar 6, 2018
Provisional Application 62468214 · Mar 7, 2017
Related Publication 20240292981A1 · Sep 5, 2024
References Cited (400)
US 1121500A · Hines · 1914 [cited by applicant]
US 1643828A · Young · 1927 [cited by applicant]
US 1985615A · August · 1934 [cited by applicant]
US 2219597A · Lutz · 1940 [cited by applicant]
US 2319739A · Kessler · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2333791A · Hutchison, Jr. · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 3091327A · Lalley · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3136157A · Seed et al. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3412254A · Hans et al. · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3526334A · Ashton et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3578094A · Henry et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3653544A · Young et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3736584A · Hackett et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3743598A · Field · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3754871A · Hessel et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3760166A · Adams et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3761909A · Schweitzer et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3772193A · Nelli et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3774056A · Sample et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3786467A · Cotter · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3796349A · Weber · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3801977A · Cotter · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3826113A · Boraas et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3826408A · Berndt et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3866198A · Cohen · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3961321A · Moss · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3986182A · Hackett · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4040515A · Hessel et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4046996A · Williams et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4076146A · Lausberg et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4083298A · Schotten · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4117462A · Miller · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4198618A · Kleinschmidt · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4199001A · Kratz · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4209776A · Frederick · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4211517A · Schmid · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4241400A · Kiefer · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4247396A · Buesing · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4265266A · Kierbow et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4275390A · Heywang et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4319349A · Hackett · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4353482A · Tomlinson et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4360905A · Hackett · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4373418A · Rhodes et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4380726A · Sado et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4396828A · Dino et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4402426A · Faulkner et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4404639A · Mcguire et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4463844A · Huffman et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4482785A · Finnegan et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4486910A · Saalmann et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4509543A · Livingston et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4523219A · Heidegger et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4539846A · Grossman · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4573606A · Lewis et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4590460A · Abbott et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4597091A · Blake · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4606085A · Davies · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4630654A · Kennedy, Jr. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4644509A · Kiewit et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4676399A · Burckhardt · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4688585A · Vetter · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4690305A · Copeland · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4697243A · Moore et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4707848A · Durston et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4711370A · Goudy, Jr. et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4727522A · Steiner et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4729120A · Steiner et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4733971A · Pratt · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4756321A · Livingston et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4766548A · Cedrone et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4770859A · Heiser, Jr. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4800372A · Poteet · 1989 [cited by examiner]
US 4826661A · Copeland et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4834546A · Puetz · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4837811A · Butler et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4839597A · Rowland et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4843579A · Andrews et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4845965A · Copeland et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4848381A · Livingston et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4858449A · Lehn · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4867196A · Zetena et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4867343A · Ricciardi et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4896144A · Bogstad · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4908190A · Maglio et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4938240A · Lakhan et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4944428A · Gmuer et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4964185A · Lehn · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4969011A · Faull et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4974646A · Martin et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4976137A · Decker et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4980292A · Elbert et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4987402A · Nykerk · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 4991146A · Ransdell et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 4999124A · Copeland · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5006995A · Toschi et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5014211A · Turner et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5014877A · Roos · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5024352A · Gmuer et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5036479A · Prednis et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5038807A · Bailey et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5038973A · Gmuer · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5040699A · Gangemi · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5043860A · Koether et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5053206A · Maglio et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5059954A · Beldham · 1991 [cited by examiner]
US 5064094A · Roos et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5083298A · Citterio et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5110364A · Mazur et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5115842A · Crafts et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5136281A · Bonaquist · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5147615A · Bird et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5150099A · Lienau · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5153520A · Dumbeck · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5158895A · Ashihara et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5199118A · Cole et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5202666A · Knippscheer · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5203366A · Czeck et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5219224A · Pratt · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5222027A · Williams et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5240326A · Evanson · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5245317A · Chidley et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5263006A · Hermesmeyer · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5268153A · Muller · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5279448A · Hanlin et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5283639A · Esch et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5294022A · Earle · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5309409A · Jones et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5316195A · Moksnes et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5322571A · Plummer et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5332312A · Evanson · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5345379A · Brous et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5369032A · Pratt · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5370267A · Schroeder · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5389344A · Copeland et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5390385A · Beldham · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5397028A · Jesadanont · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5400018A · Scholl et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5404893A · Brady et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5407598A · Olson et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5411716A · Thomas et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5427748A · Wiedrich et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5430293A · Sato et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5463595A · Rodhall et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5467481A · Srivastava · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476385A · Parikh et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5480068A · Frazier et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5497914A · Maltsis · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5500050A · Chan et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5505915A · Copeland et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5556478A · Brady et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5570079A · Dockery · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5580448A · Brandreth, III · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5581982A · Chadwell et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5584025A · Keithley et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5584079A · Wong et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5609417A · Otte · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5610589A · Evans et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5619183A · Ziegra et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5624810A · Miller et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5625659A · Sears · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5625908A · Shaw · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5632411A · Harty et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5636008A · Lobiondo et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5638417A · Boyer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5653269A · Miller et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5661471A · Kotlicki · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5671262A · Boyer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5679173A · Hartman · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5681400A · Brady et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5684458A · Calvarese · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5687717A · Halpern et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5694323A · Koropitzer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5695091A · Winings et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5724261A · Denny et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5731526A · Kindrick · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5735925A · Scott · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5745381A · Tanaka et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5757664A · Rogers et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5758300A · Abe · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5759501A · Livingston et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5761278A · Pickett et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5762096A · Mirabile · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5764136A · Harron · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5765605A · Waymire et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5769536A · Kotylak · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5771925A · Lewandowski · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US D396009S · Reubens · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5777895A · Kuroda et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5781942A · Shaw et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5793653A · Segal · 1998 [cited by examiner]
US 5808553A · Cunningham · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5812059A · Shaw et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5821523A · Bennett et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5826749A · Howland et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5827486A · Crossdale · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5839097A · Klausner · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5851291A · Poterala et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5861881A · Freeman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5864783A · Struck et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5875430A · Koether · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5885446A · Mcgrew, Jr. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5887145A · Harari et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5887975A · Mordaunt et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5897671A · Newman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5900067A · Jones · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5902749A · Lichtwardt et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5913915A · McQuinn · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5917425A · Crimmins et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5919567A · Okada et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5931877A · Smith et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5933479A · Michael et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5938074A · Dartus · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5939974A · Heagle et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5945910A · Gorra · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5952924A · Evans et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5954069A · Foster · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5956487A · Venkatraman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5961561A · Wakefield, II · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5966753A · Gauthier et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5967202A · Mullen et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5973696A · Agranat et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5974345A · Buck et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5975352A · Spriggs et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5977913A · Christ · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5979703A · Nystrom · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5980090A · Royal, Jr. et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5987105A · Jenkins et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5992686A · Cline et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6003070A · Frantz · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6007788A · Bellon et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6012041A · Brewer et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6029286A · Funk · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6031461A · Lynn · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6038331A · Johnson · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6049792A · Hart et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6061668A · Sharrow · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6065639A · Maddox et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6073124A · Krishnan et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6082149A · Woods · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6098843A · Soberanis et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6120175A · Tewell · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US D431404S · Brazis · 2000 [cited by examiner]
US 6125482A · Foster · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6129449A · Mccain et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6130607A · Mcclanahan et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6133555A · Brenn · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6136184A · King · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6147607A · Lynn · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6164189A · Anson · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6164439A · Stebnicki et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6167358A · Othmer et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6175308B1 · Tallman et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6191693B1 · Sangsingkeow · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6211788B1 · Lynn et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6213424B1 · Helfer-grand · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6220312B1 · Hirsch et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6221788B1 · Kobayashi et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6236317B1 · Cohen et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6236953B1 · Segal · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6247621B1 · Lewis · 2001 [cited by examiner]
US 6249778B1 · Vaghi · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6259956B1 · Myers et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6269975B2 · Soberanis et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6278372B1 · Velasco, Jr. et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6279777B1 · Goodin et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6288641B1 · Casais · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6291000B1 · Hayakawa · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6314282B1 · Weber et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6321204B1 · Kazami et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6330499B1 · Chou et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6331964B1 · Barone · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6347724B1 · Chen et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6351223B1 · Deweerd et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6356205B1 · Salvo et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6357292B1 · Schultz et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6360181B1 · Gemmell et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6368420B1 · Angevaare et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6370454B1 · Moore · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6375038B1 · Daansen et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6377868B1 · Gardner, Jr. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6392546B1 · Smith · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6404837B1 · Thompson et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6417773B1 · Vlahos et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6418371B1 · Arnold · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6426701B1 · Levy · 2002 [cited by examiner]
US 6438471B1 · Katagishi et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6463940B1 · Thomas et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6472615B1 · Carlson · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6476385B1 · Albert · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6485979B1 · Kippenhan et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6490513B1 · Fish et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6523193B2 · Saraya · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6524390B1 · Jones · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6547097B1 · Cavallaro et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6561381B1 · Osterheld et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6577240B2 · Armstrong · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6611207B1 · Yuan et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6681003B2 · Linder et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6697706B2 · Gardner, Jr. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6707873B2 · Thompson et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6718394B2 · Cain · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6727818B1 · Wildman et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6730024B2 · Freyre et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6749148B2 · Helfer-grand · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6759959B2 · Wildman · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6762161B2 · Sava et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6778092B2 · Braune · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6781523B2 · Matsui et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6792395B2 · Roberts · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6799085B1 · Crisp, III · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6807460B2 · Black et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6870846B2 · Cain · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6882278B2 · Winings et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6882315B2 · Richley et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6883563B2 · Smith · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6893321B1 · Buchanan et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6896140B1 · Perry · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6897780B2 · Ulrich et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6917290B2 · Land · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6919567B2 · Iwasawa · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6950683B2 · Hunt · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6956498B1 · Gauthier et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6970860B1 · Liu et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6975231B2 · Lane et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6977588B2 · Schotz et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6987228B1 · Macmichael et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 6991779B2 · Steiner et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7015816B2 · Wildman et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7023341B2 · Stilp · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7023356B2 · Burkhardt et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7042361B2 · Kazdin et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7056050B2 · Sacks · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7067054B2 · Fritze · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7069188B2 · Roberts · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7075412B1 · Reynolds et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7099781B1 · Heidl et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7099856B2 · Barangan et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7117374B2 · Hill et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7119688B2 · Wildman · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7119692B2 · Lieffort et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7128215B2 · Danechi · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7142108B2 · Diener et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7154397B2 · Zerhusen et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7157045B2 · Mcvey · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7160846B2 · Biering et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7175048B2 · Wolfschaffner · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7187287B2 · Ryal · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7191090B1 · Cunningham et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7201005B2 · Voglewede et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7202780B2 · Teller · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7228990B2 · Schmidt · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7236097B1 · Cunningham · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7242306B2 · Wildman et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7242307B1 · Leblond et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7248933B2 · Wildman · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7265673B2 · Teller · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7266347B2 · Gross · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7267531B2 · Anderson et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7271728B2 · Taylor et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7272537B2 · Mogadam · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7286057B2 · Bolling · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7292914B2 · Jungmann et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7293645B2 · Harper et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7315245B2 · Lynn et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7320418B2 · Sassoon · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7330108B2 · Thomas · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7372367B2 · Lane et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7375640B1 · Plost · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7400264B2 · Boaz · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7408470B2 · Wildman et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7411511B2 · Kennish et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7423533B1 · Leblond et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7425900B2 · Lynn et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7440620B1 · Aartsen · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7443302B2 · Reeder et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7443305B2 · Verdiramo · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US RE40588E · Ostendorf et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7450472B2 · Guyvarch · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7450477B2 · Kim et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7457869B2 · Kernan · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7474215B2 · Scott et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7477148B2 · Lynn et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7482936B2 · Bolling · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7486193B2 · Elwell · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7487538B2 · Mok · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7490045B1 · Flores et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7496479B2 · Garcia et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7530729B2 · Ocallaghan · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7538680B2 · Scott et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7551092B1 · Henry · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7597122B1 · Smith · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7600137B2 · Trappeniers et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7605704B2 · Munro et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7611030B2 · Reynolds et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7616122B2 · Bolling · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7649884B1 · Ahmed et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7682464B2 · Glenn et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7718395B2 · Carling · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7755494B2 · Melker et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]