Steel sheet for manufacturing press hardened parts, press hardened part having a combination of high strength and crash ductility, and manufacturing methods thereof
A steel sheet for the manufacture of a press hardened part is provided, having a composition of: 0.15%≤C≤0.22%, 3.5%≤Mn<4.2%, 0.001%≤Si≤1.5%, 0.020%≤Al≤0.9%, 0.001%≤Cr≤1%, 0.001%≤Mo≤0.3%, 0.001%≤Ti≤0.040%, 0.0003%≤B≤0.004%, 0.001%≤Nb≤0.060%, 0.001%≤N≤0.009%, 0.0005%≤S≤0.003%, 0.001%≤P≤0.020%. A microstructure has less than 50% ferrite, 1% to 20% retained austenite, cementite, such that the surface density of cementite particles larger than 60 nm is lower than 10 7 /mm 2 , and a complement of bainite and/or martensite, the retained austenite having an average Mn content of at least 1.1*Mn %. Press-hardened steel part obtained by hot forming the steel sheet, and manufacturing methods thereof.
1. A steel sheet for manufacturing a press hardened steel part, the steel sheet being made of a steel having a composition comprising, by weight
0.15%≤C≤0.22%
3.5%≤Mn<4.2%
0.001%≤Si≤1.5%
0.3%≤Al≤0.9%
0.001%≤Cr≤1%
0.001%≤Mo≤0.3%
0.001%≤Ti≤0.040%
0.0003%≤B≤0.004%
0.001%≤Nb≤0.060%
0.001%≤N≤0.009%
0.0005%≤S≤0.003%
0.001%≤P≤0.020%
a remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities;
said steel sheet having a microstructure consisting of, in surface fraction:
less than 50% of ferrite;
between 1% and 20% of retained austenite;
cementite, such that a surface density of cementite particles having a larger dimension higher than 60 nm is lower than 10 7 /mm 2 ; and
a complement consisting of bainite and/or martensite;
the retained austenite having an average Mn content, by weight percent, of at least 1.1*Mn %, wherein Mn % designates the Mn content, by weight percent, in the composition.
2. The steel sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the steel sheet is an annealed steel sheet, the microstructure of the annealed steel sheet being such that the complement consists of martensite.
3. The steel sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the steel sheet includes two main faces, the steel sheet comprising a metallic pre-coating on each of the two main faces.
4. The steel sheet according to claim 3 , wherein the metallic pre-coating is an aluminum, an aluminum-based alloy or an aluminum alloy pre-coating.
5. The steel sheet according to claim 3 , wherein the metallic pre-coating is a zinc aluminum, a zinc-based alloy or a zinc alloy pre-coating.
6. The steel sheet according to claim 3 , wherein the steel sheet comprises a decarburized area on a surface of each of the two main faces under the metallic pre-coating, the decarburized area having a depth p50% comprised between 6 and 30 micrometers, such that, at the depth p50%, a carbon content is equal to 50% of the C content in the composition, and wherein the annealed steel sheet does not contain a layer of iron oxide at an interface between said main faces and said metallic pre-coating.
7. The steel sheet according to claim 1 , wherein said steel sheet is an unannealed steel sheet, the microstructure of the steel sheet consisting of, in surface fraction:
between 5% and 20% of retained austenite,
cementite,
the complement consisting of bainite and/or martensite.
8. The steel sheet according to claim 7 , wherein the steel sheet is a hot-rolled steel sheet having a specific Charpy energy KCv, measured on a Charpy impact specimen 55×10 mm 2 , with V notches 2 mm deep, with an angle of 45° and 0.25 mm root radius, higher than or equal to 60 J/cm2.
9. The steel sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the steel sheet has a thickness comprised between 0.7 mm and 5 mm.
10. The steel sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises 0.0001%≤Ca≤0.003%.
11. A process for manufacturing a press hardened steel part, comprising the following successive steps:
providing a steel sheet according to claim 1 ;
cutting said steel sheet to a predetermined shape, so as to obtain a steel blank;
heating the steel blank to a temperature Tm comprised between 800° C. and 950° C. and holding the steel blank at said temperature Tm for a holding time tm comprised between 60 s and 600 s, so as to obtain a heated steel blank having a structure comprising between 70% and 100% of austenite;
transferring the heated steel blank to a forming press;
hot-forming the heated steel blank in the forming press so as to obtain a formed part;
cooling the formed part to a cooling stop temperature TC comprised between room temperature and Ms−100° C.;
reheating the formed part from the cooling stop temperature TC to a post treatment temperature TPT comprised between 350° C. and 550° C., and maintaining the formed part at said post treatment temperature TPT for a holding time tPT comprised between 10s and 600 s; and
cooling the formed part to room temperature to obtain the press hardened steel part.
12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the press hardened steel part has a thickness comprised between 0.7 mm and 5 mm.
13. A laser welded steel blank for manufacturing a press hardened laser welded steel part, the laser welded steel blank comprising:
a first steel blank produced by cutting a steel sheet according to claim 1 ;
the steel sheet including two main faces, the steel sheet comprising a metallic pre-coating on each of the two main faces, the metallic pre-coating being an aluminum, an aluminum-based alloy or an aluminum alloy pre-coating;
a second steel blank having a composition comprising, by weight:
0.04%≤C≤0.38%
0.05%≤Mn≤4.2%
0.001%≤Si≤1.5%
0.005%≤Al≤0.9%
0.001%≤Cr≤2%
Mo≤0.65%
Ni≤2%
0.001%≤Ti≤0.2%
Nb≤0.1%
B≤0.010%
0.0005%≤N≤0.01%
0.0001%≤S≤0.05%
0.0001%≤P≤0.1%
W≤0.30%
Ca≤0.006%
a remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities;
said second steel blank being pre-coated with an aluminum, an aluminum-based alloy or an aluminum alloy pre-coating; and
a laser weld joining the first steel blank to the second steel blank;
wherein the aluminum, aluminum-based alloy or aluminum alloy pre-coatings of the first steel blank and of the second steel blank cover an immediate vicinity of the laser weld on at least one side of the first and second steel blanks.
14. A method for manufacturing a laser welded steel blank comprising:
providing a first steel sheet according to claim 1 ;
the first steel sheet including two main faces, the first steel sheet comprising a metallic pre-coating on each of the two main faces, the metallic pre-coating being an aluminum, an aluminum-based alloy or an aluminum alloy pre-coating;
cutting the first steel sheet to a predetermined shape, so as to obtain a first steel blank;
providing a second steel blank having a composition comprising, by weight:
0.04%≤C≤0.38%
0.05%≤Mn≤4.2%
0.005%≤Al≤0.9%
0.001%≤Cr≤2%
Mo≤0.65%
Ni≤2%
0.001%≤Ti≤0.2%
Nb≤0.1%
B≤0.010%
0.0005%≤N≤0.010%
0.0001%≤S≤0.05%
0.0001%≤P≤0.1%
W≤0.30%
Ca≤0.006%
a remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities
the second steel blank being pre-coated with an aluminum, an aluminum-based alloy or an aluminum alloy pre-coating;
without removing all the pre-coating on at least one side of the first and second steel blanks, laser welding the first steel blank to the second steel blank so as to obtain the laser welded steel blank.
15. A process for manufacturing a press hardened laser welded steel part, comprising the following successive steps:
providing a laser welded steel blank according to claim 13 ;
heating the laser welded steel blank to a temperature Tm comprised between 800° C. and 950° C. and holding the laser welded steel blank at said temperature Tm for a holding time tm comprised between 60 s and 600 s, so as to obtain a heated laser welded steel blank having a structure comprising between 70% and 100% of austenite;
transferring the heated laser welded steel blank to a forming press;
hot-forming the heated laser welded steel blank in the forming press so as to obtain a formed laser welded part;
cooling the formed laser welded part to a cooling stop temperature TC comprised between room temperature and Ms−100° C.;
reheating the formed laser welded part from the cooling stop temperature TC to a post treatment temperature TPT comprised between 350° C. and 550° C., and maintaining the formed laser welded part at the post treatment temperature TPT for a holding time tPT comprised between 10s and 600 s; and
cooling the formed laser welded part to room temperature to obtain the press hardened laser welded steel part.