Leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor and system
View Patent ↗The current document is directed to a leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor and a leak-detection system that incorporates the leak-and-sealing-failure sensor to detect leaks and sealing failures in a variety of different containers, packages, and products. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor produces a response signal when the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor detects a difference between a local environment associated with the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor and the environment external to the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor and the container, package, and/or product to which the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor is applied.
1. A leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor contained within a global gaseous or liquid environment having one or more chemical components, the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor comprising:
an interrogation component that emits an interrogation signal;
a monitoring component that outputs an indication of a leak or sealing failure when the monitoring component detects a response signal; and
a sensor substrate impregnated with reporter molecules that
receives the interrogation signal, and
when the concentration of at least one of the chemical components in a local environment containing a portion of the sensor substrate differs from the concentration of the chemical component in the global environment, the portion of the sensor substrate emits a response signal to the monitoring component.
2. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1 wherein the interrogation signal is light with a first wavelength range that, when absorbed by a reporter molecule, results in transition of the reporter molecule from a ground state to an excited state.
3. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 2 wherein the response signal is light emitted when a reporter molecule in the excited state relaxes back to the ground state by fluorescent or phosphorescent emission of a photon with an energy corresponding to light of a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range.
4. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 3 wherein a chemical component of the global environment can, upon colliding with a reporter molecule, cause a non-radiative transition of a reporter molecule in the excited state back to the ground state, referred to as “quenching”.
5. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1
wherein, when the portion of the sensor substrate is illuminated by light having a first wavelength range less than a first threshold wavelength and an illumination intensity and when the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the local environment containing the portion of the sensor substrate is equal to the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the global environment, the portion of the sensor substrate emits light having a second wavelength longer than any wavelength in the first wavelength range with a first intensity proportional to the illumination intensity and wherein emission of the light having the second wavelength is associated with a first emission-decay half-life; and
wherein, when the portion of the sensor substrate is illuminated by light having the first wavelength range and the illumination intensity and when the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the local environment containing the portion of the sensor substrate is less than the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the global environment, the portion of the sensor substrate emits light having the second wavelength with a second intensity greater than the first intensity and wherein emission of the light having the second wavelength is associated with a second emission-decay half-life greater than the first emission-decay half-life.
6. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 5 wherein the response signal is light emitted by the portion of the sensor substrate having the second wavelength with an intensity greater than or equal to the second intensity.
7. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 6 wherein the response signal is associated with an emission-decay half-life greater than or equal to the second emission-decay half-life.
8. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1
wherein, when the portion of the sensor substrate is illuminated by light having a first wavelength range less than a first threshold wavelength and an illumination intensity and when the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the local environment containing the portion of the sensor substrate is equal to the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the global environment, the portion of the sensor substrate emits light having a second wavelength longer than any wavelength in the first wavelength range with a first intensity proportional to the illumination intensity and wherein emission of the light having the second wavelength is associated with a first emission-decay half-life; and
wherein, when the portion of the sensor substrate is illuminated by light having the first wavelength range and the illumination intensity and when the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the local environment containing the portion of the sensor substrate is greater than the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the global environment, the portion of the sensor substrate emits light having the second wavelength with a second intensity less than the first intensity and wherein emission of the light having the second wavelength is associated with a second emission-decay half-life less than the first emission-decay half-life.
9. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 8 wherein the response signal is light emitted by the portion of the sensor substrate having the second wavelength with an intensity less than or equal to the second intensity.
10. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 9 wherein the response signal is associated with an emission-decay half-life less than or equal to the second emission-decay half-life.
11. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1 wherein the concentration of the at least one of the chemical components in the local environment containing the portion of the sensor substrate differs from the concentration of the chemical component in the global environment as a result of displacing, by the contents of a container, package, or product to which the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor is applied, all or a portion of the gaseous or liquid contents of the local environment.
12. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1
wherein the interrogation component is a blue or UV light source;
wherein the monitoring component comprises
an imaging apparatus that detects and images red light, and
an image-analysis components that analyzes images to detect leaks and sealing failures in objects to which the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor is applied,
wherein the response signal consists of red light having an intensity different from a background intensity and an emission-decay half-life different from a background emission-decay half-life.
13. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 12 wherein the sensor substrate comprises polyvinylidene fluoride (“PVDF”) polymer.
14. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 13 wherein the reporter molecule is one of:
Pd(II) meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl) porphine; and
Pd(II) octaethylporphine.
15. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 14 wherein the at least one chemical component is diatomic oxygen.
16. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 14 wherein the sensor substrate is impregnated with reporter molecules by applying a methanol solution of the reporter molecules to a PVDF film or membrane.
17. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1 further comprising one or more light filters that filter the response signal prior to input of the response signal to the monitoring component.
18. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1 further comprising one or more chemical barriers.
19. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1 further comprising one or more protective layers to protect the sensor substrate from damage.
20. The leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor of claim 1 incorporated into a leak-detection system that further includes mechanical components that temporarily immobilize a container, package, or product and apply the leak-and-sealing-failure-detection sensor to the immobilized container, package, or product to detect leaks and/or sealing failures.