Fluid loss requirement of a cement slurry using bulk blend materials
A method may include providing a fluid loss model, providing a fluid loss requirement, generating a cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model and the fluid loss requirement such that a calculated fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model meets or exceeds the fluid loss requirement; and preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe.
1. A method of designing a cement slurry comprising:
(a) selecting at least a cementitious material and concentration thereof, a water and concentration thereof, and a fluid loss control additive and concentration thereof to form a cement slurry recipe;
(b) calculating a fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using a fluid loss model, wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL
=
(
∑
i
F
L
0
i
P
i
)
(
w
∑
i
α
i
P
i
)
n
exp
(
γ
C
)
where FL is fluid loss, FL 0 i is a constant for each cementitious material i in the cement slurry, P i is concentration of cementitious material i in the cement slurry recipe, w is amount of water in the cement slurry recipe, α i is a constant, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive, n is a constant, and C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive in the cement slurry recipe;
(c) comparing the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe to a fluid loss requirement, wherein steps (a)-(c) are repeated if the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe does not meet or stay below the fluid loss requirement, wherein each repeated step of selecting comprises selecting different concentrations and/or different chemical identities for the fluid loss control additive, cementitious material, or water than previously selected, or step (d) is performed if the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe meets or stays below the fluid loss requirement;
(d) preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe, wherein the cement slurry has the property of having fluid loss at or below the fluid loss requirement; and
(e) introducing the cement slurry into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement slurry sets to form a hardened mass.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the cement slurry recipe further comprises one or more additives is selected from the group consisting of weighting agents, lightweight additives, gas-generating additives, mechanical-property-enhancing additives, lost-circulation control materials, filtration-control additives, defoaming agents, foaming agents, thixotropic additives, dispersants, suspending aids, viscosifiers, transition time control additives and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 h(w,P)*exp(γC)
where FL is fluid loss, FL 0 is a constant, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive, C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive, h( ) is a function, w amount of water and P is amount of cementitious material or the sum amount of the cementitious materials (P i ) when more than one cementitious material is present.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein h( ) is at least one of a polynomial function, power law function, exponential function, logarithmic function, trigonometric function, transcendental function, analytic expression, a neural net, a decision tree, or a combination thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid loss model further comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 *g(C i )
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant C i is concentration of fluid loss control additive and g( ) is at least one of a polynomial function, power law function, exponential function, logarithmic function, trigonometric function, transcendental function, analytic expression, a neural net, a decision tree, or a combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid loss model further comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 *1/(1+βC i )
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant C i is concentration of fluid loss control additive, and b is a constant associated with physico-chemical properties of the fluid loss control additive.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid loss model further comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 *exp(−βC i )
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant C i is concentration of fluid loss control additive, and b is a constant associated with physico-chemical properties of the fluid loss control additive.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising placing the cement slurry in a subterranean formation.
9. A method comprising:
(a) providing a fluid loss model;
(b) providing a fluid loss requirement;
(c) generating a cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model and the fluid loss requirement such that a calculated fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model meets or stays below the fluid loss requirement, wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL
=
(
∑
i
F
L
0
i
P
i
)
(
w
∑
i
α
i
P
i
)
n
exp
(
γ
C
)
where FL is fluid loss, FL 0 i is a constant for each cementitious material i in the cement slurry, P i is concentration of cementitious material i, w is amount of water, α i is a constant, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive, and C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive;
(d) preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe, wherein the cement slurry has the property of having fluid loss at or below the fluid loss requirement; and
(e) introducing the cement slurry into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement slurry sets to form a hardened mass.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the fluid loss model further comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 *g(C i )
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant C i is concentration of fluid loss control additive and g( ) is at least one of a polynomial function, power law function, exponential function, logarithmic function, trigonometric function, transcendental function, analytic expression, a neural net, a decision tree, or a combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the fluid loss model further comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 *1/(1+βC i )
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant C i is concentration of fluid loss control additive, and b is a constant associated with physico-chemical properties of the fluid loss control additive.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the fluid loss model further comprises an equation of the following form:
FL=FL 0 *exp(−βC i )
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant C i is concentration of fluid loss control additive, and b is a constant associated with physico-chemical properties of the fluid loss control additive.
13. The method of claim 9 further comprising introducing the cement slurry in a subterranean formation.
14. A method of designing a cement slurry comprising:
(a) selecting at least a cementitious material and concentration thereof, a water and concentration thereof, and a fluid loss control additive and concentration thereof to form a cement slurry recipe;
(b) calculating a fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using a fluid loss model, wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL
=
FL
0
exp
(
-
E
RT
)
exp
(
-
V
0
P
r
)
(
w
P
)
n
*
exp
(
γ
C
)
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive in the cement slurry recipe, C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive in the cement slurry recipe, E is activation energy, V 0 is activation volume, T is temperature, P r is pressure differential, R is universal gas constant, w is amount of water, and P is amount of cementitious material or the sum amount of the cementitious materials (P i ) when more than one cementitious material is present in the cement slurry recipe;
(c) comparing the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe to a fluid loss requirement, wherein steps (a)-(c) are repeated if the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe does not meet or stay below the fluid loss requirement, wherein each repeated step of selecting comprises selecting different concentrations and/or different chemical identities for the fluid loss control additives, cementitious material, or water than previously selected, or step (d) is performed if the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe meets or stays below the fluid loss requirement;
(d) preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe, wherein the cement slurry has the property of having fluid loss at or below the fluid loss requirement; and
(e) introducing the cement slurry into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement slurry sets to form a hardened mass.
15. A method of designing a cement slurry comprising:
(a) selecting at least a cementitious material and concentration thereof, a water and concentration thereof, and a fluid loss control additive and concentration thereof to form a cement slurry recipe;
(b) calculating a fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using a fluid loss model, wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL
=
(
FL
1
P
1
+
FL
2
P
2
+
FL
1
2
P
1
P
2
)
(
w
P
)
*
exp
(
γ
C
)
where FL is fluid loss, FL 1 and FL 2 are fluid loss coefficients for cement and chemical additive, P 1 and P 2 are concentrations of cement and chemical additive in the cement slurry recipe, FL 12 is an interaction coefficient, w is amount of water in the cement slurry recipe, P is the amount of cementitious material or the sum amount of the cementitious materials (P i ) when more than one cementitious material is present in the cement slurry recipe, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive, and C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive in the cement slurry recipe;
(c) comparing the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe to a fluid loss requirement, wherein steps (a)-(c) are repeated if the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe does not meet or stay below the fluid loss requirement, wherein each repeated step of selecting comprises selecting different concentrations and/or different chemical identities for the one or more fluid loss control additives, cementitious material, or water than previously selected, or step (d) is performed if the fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe meets or stays below the fluid loss requirement;
(d) preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe, wherein the cement slurry has the property of having fluid loss at or below the fluid loss requirement; and
(e) introducing the cement slurry into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement slurry sets to form a hardened mass.
16. A method comprising:
(a) providing a fluid loss model;
(b) providing a fluid loss requirement;
(c) generating a cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model and the fluid loss requirement such that a calculated fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model meets or stays below the fluid loss requirement, wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL
=
FL
0
exp
(
-
E
RT
)
exp
(
-
V
0
P
r
)
(
w
P
)
n
*
exp
(
γ
C
)
where FL is fluid loss FL 0 is a constant, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive, C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive in the cement slurry recipe, E is activation energy, V 0 is activation volume, T is temperature, P r is pressure differential, R is universal gas constant, w is amount of water, and P is amount of cementitious material or the sum amount of the cementitious materials (P i ) when more than one cementitious material is present in the cement slurry recipe;
(d) preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe, wherein the cement slurry has the property of having fluid loss at or below the fluid loss requirement; and
(e) introducing the cement slurry into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement slurry sets to form a hardened mass.
17. A method comprising:
(a) providing a fluid loss model;
(b) providing a fluid loss requirement;
(c) generating a cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model and the fluid loss requirement such that a calculated fluid loss of the cement slurry recipe using the fluid loss model meets or stays below the fluid loss requirement, wherein the fluid loss model comprises an equation of the following form:
FL
=
(
FL
1
P
1
+
FL
2
P
2
+
FL
1
2
P
1
P
2
)
(
w
P
)
*
exp
(
γ
C
)
where FL is fluid loss, FL 1 and FL 2 are fluid loss coefficients for cement and chemical additive, P 1 and P 2 are concentrations of cement and chemical additive in the cement slurry recipe, FL 12 is an interaction coefficient, w is amount of water, P is the amount of cementitious material or the sum amount of the cementitious materials (P i ) when more than one cementitious material is present, γ is a measure of effectiveness of fluid loss control additive, and C is a concentration of fluid loss control additive in the cement slurry recipe;
(d) preparing a cement slurry based on the cement slurry recipe, wherein the cement slurry has the property of having fluid loss at or below the fluid loss requirement; and
(e) introducing the cement slurry into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement slurry sets to form a hardened mass.