Separation module
Methods and devices are disclosed for a separation device. A separation device includes a plurality stacked modules and a distribution network including an inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor an intermediate LEVEL-2 distributor and a planar LEVEL-3 distributor. The distribution network enables streamline lengths which are approximately equal and induces uniform velocity fluid flow. These features provide a narrow residence time distribution providing improved chromatographic performance.
1. A system comprising:
a feed end plate, having a feed port;
a plurality of fluidly connected modules stacked adjacent to the feed end plate and fluidly coupled to the feed port;
an eluent end plate having an eluent port, disposed opposite the feed end plate with the plurality of fluidly connected modules disposed in between the feed end plate and the eluent end plate;
wherein each one of the plurality of fluidly connected modules comprises:
a chromatographic media bed having first and second planar surfaces;
a distribution network comprising:
an inter-module (LEVEL-1) distributor pair adjacent to the chromatographic media bed, a first one of the inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor pair having at least one passageway substantially perpendicular to the first and second planar surfaces and fluidly coupled to the feed port and a second one of the inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor pair having at least one different passageway substantially perpendicular to the first and second planar surfaces and fluidly coupled to the eluent port;
an intermediate (LEVEL-2) distributor pair, a first one and a second one of the LEVEL-2 distributor pair disposed on opposite sides of the chromatographic media bed, having an array of passageways approximately parallel to the planar surfaces and fluidly coupled to a corresponding one of the inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor pair; and
a planar (LEVEL-3) distributor pair, each of a first one and a second one of the planar LEVEL-3 distributor pair fluidly coupled to the respective first and second ones of the intermediate LEVEL-2 distributor pair and each one of the pair having an array of passageways parallel to the first and second planar surfaces, the first one of the pair in contact with the first surface of the chromatographic media bed and the second one of the pair in contact with the second surface of the chromatographic media bed.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein each one of the pair of each distributor pair LEVEL-1, LEVEL-2 and LEVEL-3, is substantially identical to the other one of the distributor pair and is rotated 180° about an axis perpendicular to the sides of a module and located on the opposite ends (opposite faces) from the other one of the distributor pair.
3. The system of claim 1 , where each of the first and second intermediate LEVEL-2 distributor pair is an isoflo distributors.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein a cross sectional flow area of each one of the planar LEVEL-3 distributor pair converges approximately linearly from a first end down to approximately zero at a second end oppositely disposed from the first end, inducing a fluid to have a uniform velocity.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein a cross sectional flow area convergence towards at least 20% of its initial value inducing an approximately uniform velocity.
6. The system of claim 4 wherein each of a first one and a second one of the planar LEVEL-3 distributor pair further comprises one of:
an array of channels;
a non-woven spacer with a converging cross sectional flow area;
an array of woven spacers; and
an array of woven spacers with a converging cross sectional flow area.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of fluidly connected modules further comprise a first module plate and a second module plate disposed adjacent the first and second planar surfaces of the chromatographic media bed and wherein respective ones of the intermediate LEVEL-2 distributor pair and the planar LEVEL-3 distributor pair are embedded in the respective first and second module plates.
8. The system of claim 7 , further comprising a peripheral seal, encapsulating the chromatographic media bed, and the peripheral seal structurally coheres the first and second module plates to the chromatographic media bed.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein the peripheral seal intrudes into the chromatographic media bed in a peripheral seal offset region such that a fluid dead zone, in the peripheral seal offset region, is substantially eliminated.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the first module plate and the second module plate comprise a media-bite to prevent intrusion of the peripheral seal into the planar distributors; and
wherein the peripheral seal comprises at least one of:
epoxy;
urethane;
thermoplastic polymers; and
silicone.
11. The system of claim 7 wherein each of the plurality of fluidly connected modules further comprises at least one permeable substantially rigid sheet sandwiched between at least one of the first and second planar surfaces of at least one bed of the chromatographic media and the respective planar distributor.
12. The system of claim 7 , wherein the chromatographic media bed being brought in contact with the first and second module plates prior to encapsulation by one of:
compression of the chromatographic media bed by the first and second module plates to a target compressive stress level such that subsequent fluid forces do not further deform the bed; and
compression of the chromatographic media bed by the first and second module plates to deflect it to a target bed depth.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein a hydraulic resistance of one of the plurality of fluidly connected modules is adjusted to a target value substantially equal to another different one of the plurality of fluidly connected modules by one of:
controlled plugging of the media in the chromatographic bed with a dispersion of solids; and
adjustment of an adjustable hydraulic resistor embedded within the intermediate LEVEL-2 distributor pair.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the chromatographic media bed is one of:
an adsorptive woven web;
an adsorptive non-woven web;
an adsorptive membrane;
an adsorptive monolith;
adsorptive beads packed in a monolith; and
adsorptive beads packed in a lattice.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein the feed end plate and eluent end plate further comprise a LEVEL-0 distributor that connects the respective feed and eluent ports to the inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor pair.
16. The system of claim 1 wherein a cross sectional flow area of one of the passageways of the array of passageways of the inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor pair adjacent the feed end plate converges approximately linearly from the feed module plate towards the eluent module plate, and wherein a cross sectional flow area in the other one of the passageways of the inter-module LEVEL-1 distributor pair adjacent the second end converges approximately linearly away from the eluent module plate towards the feed module plate, inducing a fluid flow to have a uniform velocity.
17. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of modules further comprises a plurality of interconnected submodules.
18. The system of claim 1 , further wherein at least one of the plurality of modules comprises a plurality of interconnected submodules.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein at least one of the plurality of interconnected submodules comprises multiple chromatographic media beds within each module.
20. The system of claim 1 , wherein the distribution network induces a plurality of streamlines having approximately equal lengths.
21. A method comprising:
providing a modular chromatographic system having a plurality of stacked modules, each stacked module including a chromatographic media bed having first and second planar surfaces and including a multilevel distribution network of each stacked module;
distributing a feed stream to the chromatographic media bed, wherein a flow through the multilevel distribution network induces a plurality of streamlines having substantially equal lengths;
inducing an isomikos flow through the multilevel distribution network; and
collecting an eluent stream from the chromatographic media bed.
22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising adjusting a hydraulic resistance of each of the plurality of stacked modules to a target value substantially equal to that of all the other modules in the plurality of stacked modules.
23. The method of claim 22 , further comprising adjusting the hydraulic resistance of each one of the plurality of stacked modules by one of:
controlled plugging with a dispersion of solids;
adjustment of an adjustable hydraulic resistor in the multilevel distribution network; and
insertion of hydraulic resistors of varying resistances in the multilevel distribution network of each stacked module.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein controlled plugging with a dispersion of solids comprises:
flowing a dilute dispersion of inert solid particles into a fluid inlet of each module, a size of the inert solid particles selected to enable them to fit into a porous structure of the chromatographic media bed and disposed to stay trapped within the porous structure;
measuring a feed pressure; and
continuing to flow the dilute dispersion until the feed pressure reaches a feed pressure corresponding to a target value of the hydraulic resistance.
25. The method of claim 24 further comprising injecting a backflushing liquid free of particulate solids into a fluid outlet of the module at a predetermined feed pressure, flow rate and time to remove solid particles that did not get trapped within the porous structure.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the backflushing liquid is selected from at least one or a mixture of:
deionized (DI) water;
an aqueous buffer; and
an organic solvent miscible with water.