Transmitter arrangement, transceiver, radio communication system and method
The present invention relates inter alia to a transmitter arrangement ( 1 ), in particular for radio communication, comprising at least two antenna elements ( 31, 32 ), spaced apart by a defined distance and a differential output amplifier ( 20 ) with a first output ( 21 ) coupled to a first ( 31 ) of the at least two antenna elements ( 31, 32 ) and with a second inverted output ( 22 ) coupled to a second ( 32 ) of the at least two antenna elements ( 31, 32 ). A first transmission line element ( 50 ) is arranged between at least one of the first and second outputs ( 21, 22 ) and the respective one of the at least two antenna elements ( 31, 32 ) and is configured such that signals applied to respective input taps ( 310, 320 ) of the at least two antenna elements ( 31, 32 ) are substantially in-phase with each other.
1. A transmitter arrangement for radio communication, comprising:
at least two antenna elements, spaced apart by a defined distance;
a differential output amplifier with a first output coupled to a first of the at least two antenna elements and with a second inverted output coupled to a second of the at least two antenna elements;
a first transmission line element arranged between at least one of the first and second outputs and the respective one of the at least two antenna elements, the first transmission line element being configured such that signals applied to respective input taps of the at least two antenna elements are substantially in-phase with each other,
wherein the first transmission line element is configured to cause a phase shift of substantially 180° or odd multiples thereof of a center frequency of said signal applied thereto.
2. The transmitter arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the at least two antenna elements have a center to center distance substantially equal to half of a center frequency wavelength in air of a signal applied thereto.
3. The transmitter arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the first transmission line element comprises an electrical length that corresponds to substantially half of a center frequency wavelength in air of a signal applied thereto.
4. The transmitter arrangement of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of n antenna elements arranged in a single row or column, wherein n is an even number larger than 2; and
wherein every second of the plurality of n antenna elements are coupled to the second inverted output of the differential output amplifier;
one or more second transmission lines elements arranged between the second inverted outputs and every second of the plurality of n antenna elements except the second antenna element such that a signal applied to respective input taps of the second and the even antenna elements are in-phase.
5. The transmitter arrangement of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of pairs of antenna elements, wherein
a first antenna element of a pair of antenna elements is coupled via a respective first one of a second transmission line element to the first antenna element or a first antenna element of a previous pair of antenna elements; and
a second antenna element of a pair of antenna elements is coupled via a respective second one of a second transmission line element to the second antenna element or a second antenna element of a previous pair of antenna elements;
wherein the first and second of the second transmission elements are configured such that a signal applied to respective input taps of the pair of antenna elements are in-phase.
6. The transmitter arrangement of claim 4 , wherein the first and/or the second transmission line elements comprises at least one of
a CWG, coplanar waveguide, arranged on a substrate;
a microstrip arranged on the substrate;
a substrate integrated waveguide;
a twinstrip arranged on the substrate;
a stripline arranged in the substrate;
a finline arranged in the substrate;
a slotline arranged on the substrate; and/or
one or more lumped elements arranged on a PCB substrate.
7. The transmitter arrangement of claim 4 , wherein the first and/or the second transmission line elements comprises an inductor element arranged in a signal path and two capacitors to form a π-configuration or T-section.
8. The transmitter arrangement of claim 4 , wherein, the first and/or the second transmission line elements comprises an adjustment input to adjust a phase shift of a signal applied thereto.
9. The transmitter arrangement of claim 4 , wherein the first and/or second transmission line elements and the at least two antenna elements are arranged on or in a common substrate.
10. The transmitter arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the differential output amplifier is arranged in a semiconductor body in a package, the package arranged together with the at least two antenna elements on a common substrate.
11. The transmitter arrangement of claim 10 , wherein the first transmission line element is arranged within one of the semiconductor body and the package.
12. The transmitter arrangement of claim 1 , further comprising an impedance matching element configured to match an impedance of the first and second output of the differential output amplifier with the respective input taps of the at least two antenna elements.
13. The transmitter arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the impedance matching element comprises one of:
a transmission line transformer arranged between the first and/or one or more second transmission line element and the respective antenna element; and/or
a matching network, in particular an adjustable matching network coupled to outputs of the differential output amplifier.
14. A transceiver comprising a transmitter arrangement of claim 1 and further comprising:
a differential input amplifier for amplifying a signal received by the at least two antenna elements, wherein each of the antenna elements is coupled to a respective input of the differential input amplifier; and
a transmitter- & receiver-switch arranged in a signal path between the respective differential input and output amplifier and the at least two antenna elements.
15. The transceiver of claim 14 , further comprising an adjustable matching network arranged in a signal path between the transmitter- & receiver-switch and the differential input amplifier.
16. The transceiver of claim 14 , wherein the differential input amplifier and the differential output amplifier are arranged in a common semiconductor body.
17. A radio communication system, comprising a plurality of transceivers or transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the at least two antenna elements of the plurality of transceivers or transmitter are arranged on a common substrate forming an array of antenna elements.
18. The radio communication system of claim 17 , wherein the at least two antenna elements are arranged in a substantial vertical direction with respect to the position of the common substrate.
19. The radio communication system of claim 17 , wherein an antenna element of a first transceiver or transmitter is spaced apart from an adjacent antenna element of a second transceiver or transmitter by a distance corresponding to the distance between the at least two antenna elements of the first or second transceiver or transmitter.
20. A method for radio communication comprising the steps of:
amplifying a differential signal having a first component and a second inverted component;
shifting a phase of one of the amplified first component and the amplified second inverted component;
applying the phase-shifted component of the amplified first component and second inverted component to a second antenna element; and
applying the other component of the amplified first component or second inverted component to a first antenna element;
wherein shifting the phase comprises shifting the phase such that the phase of the amplified phase-shifted component at the second antenna element is in-phase of the amplified component at the first antenna element,
and causing a phase shift of substantially 180° or odd multiples thereof of a center frequency of said signal.