Three speed planetary transmission
A drive system for a hybrid or electric vehicle that includes a transmission with three forward and three reverse gears. The transmission optionally includes a first and a second planetary gearset, a first and a second clutch, and a brake. The system may be configured to separately engage these components in concert. The drive system may include a single electric motor with a corresponding transmission, or multiple electric motors individually driving separate transmissions. Motors may be arranged upstream or downstream of portions of a transmission, and they may be aligned parallel with or perpendicular to a drive axle.
1. A drive system, comprising:
a first and a second planetary gearset having a sun gear, a carrier with planetary gears, and a ring gear, wherein the carrier of the first planetary gearset is coupled to the sun gear of the second planetary gearset, and wherein the ring gear of the first planetary gearset is coupled to the carrier of the second planetary gearset;
a first clutch operable to selectively couple an input shaft to the carrier of the first planetary gearset, and the sun gear of the second planetary gearset;
a second clutch operable to selectively couple the sun gear of the first planetary gearset to the input shaft; and
a brake operable to selectively couple the ring gear of the second planetary gearset to ground;
an electric motor coupled to the input shaft;
wherein the carrier of the second planetary gearset is coupled to an output shaft, wherein the first and second planetary gearsets are mounted upstream of the motor and;
wherein the output shaft and the input shaft are aligned on a common axis of rotation with a drive axle.
2. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein a first gear is defined by engaging the second clutch and the brake.
3. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein a second gear is defined by engaging the first clutch and the brake.
4. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein a third gear is defined by engaging the first and second clutches.
5. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein two of the first and second clutches and the brake are engaged together at different times to provide three separate speed ratios of the input shaft relative to the output shaft.
6. The drive system of claim 5 , wherein the drive system is configured to shift gear ratios by inverting an engagement state of two of the first and second clutches and the brake while maintaining the remaining first or second clutch or brake in an engaged state.
7. The drive system of claim 1 , comprising:
a housing that at least partially surrounds the first and second planetary gearsets, wherein the housing operates as the ground.
8. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second clutches and/or the brake include a dog clutch.
9. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second clutches and/or the brake include a frictional element.
10. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second clutches and/or the brake include a synchronizer.
11. The drive system of claim 1 , wherein a rotational direction of the input shaft is directly linked to a rotational direction of the output shaft.
12. The drive system of claim 1 , comprising:
one or more ground engaging members coupled to the output shaft.
13. A drive system comprising:
a transmission that includes:
a first and a second planetary gearset having a sun gear, a carrier with planetary gears, and a ring gear, wherein the carrier of the first planetary gearset is coupled to the sun gear of the second planetary gearset, and wherein the ring gear of the first planetary gearset is coupled to the carrier of the second planetary gearset;
a first clutch operable to selectively couple an input shaft to the carrier of the first planetary gearset, and the sun gear of the second planetary gearset;
a second clutch operable to selectively couple the sun gear of the first planetary gearset to the input shaft; and
a brake operable to selectively couple the ring gear of the second planetary gearset to ground;
an electric motor arranged and configured to transmit torque to the transmission via the input shaft;
wherein the carrier of the second planetary gearset is coupled to an output shaft that is coupled to a drive axle;
wherein the motor, the transmission, and the output shaft are aligned axially perpendicular to the drive axle;
wherein the transmission is mounted upstream of the motor; and
wherein the output shaft passes through the input shaft and the electric motor to engage with the drive axle.
14. The drive system of claim 13 wherein the output shaft extends from the transmission to engage the drive axle.
15. The drive system of claim 13 , wherein the drive axle passes through a housing of the transmission and the output shaft is contained within the housing of the transmission.
16. A drive system comprising:
a transmission that includes:
a first and a second planetary gearset having a sun gear, a carrier with planetary gears, and a ring gear, wherein the carrier of the first planetary gearset is coupled to the sun gear of the second planetary gearset, and wherein the ring gear of the first planetary gearset is coupled to the carrier of the second planetary gearset;
a first clutch operable to selectively couple an input shaft to the carrier of the first planetary gearset, and the sun gear of the second planetary gearset;
a second clutch operable to selectively couple the sun gear of the first planetary gearset to the input shaft; and
a brake operable to selectively couple the ring gear of the second planetary gearset to ground;
an electric motor arranged and configured to transmit torque to the transmission via the input shaft;
wherein the carrier of the second planetary gearset is coupled to an output shaft that is coupled to a drive axle;
wherein the motor and transmission are mounted axially on a common axis that is parallel to the drive axle; and
wherein the output shaft of the transmission passes through the input shaft and the electric motor to engage with the drive axle.
17. The drive system of claim 16 , wherein the transmission is mounted upstream of the motor.
18. The drive system of claim 16 , wherein the transmission is mounted downstream of the motor.
19. The drive system of claim 16 , comprising:
at least two ground engaging members mounted to the drive axle, wherein the motor and transmission are mounted between the at least two ground engaging members.
20. The drive system of claim 16 , wherein the output shaft of the transmission and the input shaft of the motor are aligned on a common axis of rotation with the drive axle.