Thermal management of a vehicle computing system
Computer thermal regulation (CTR) systems and methods for thermal energy (TE) regulation of vehicle computers designed to operate within a target temperature range (TTR). A vehicle HVAC system includes a computer heat exchanger in the computer including a phase change material (PCM) with a phase change temperature (PCT). When the computer is below a TTR lower limit, the CTR system causes the HVAC system to run a heating cycle, heating the PCM to and above the PCT. The PCM releases stored TE to the computer. When the CTR system is above a TTR upper limit, the CTR system causes the HVAC system to run a cooling cycle, cooling the PCM to and below the TTR. The PCM then absorbs heat from the computer. TE storage and release processes during phase changes enable the PCM to operate as a buffer between the HVAC system and the computer to allow finer control over the computer temperature with an otherwise over-powered HVAC system for the vehicle.
1. A system, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory including instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the system to:
receive a first temperature measurement associated with a vehicle computer, wherein the vehicle computer has a target temperature range;
determine whether the first temperature measurement is within an upper and a lower limit of the target temperature range;
when a determination is made that the first temperature measurement is below the lower limit, cause a heating and cooling system of the vehicle to run a heating cycle, wherein:
the heating and cooling system includes a computer heat exchanger in heat exchange communication with a phase change material (PCM) located in the vehicle computer; and
running the heating cycle causes the computer heat exchanger to heat the PCM to and above a phase change temperature of the PCM; and
when a determination is made that the first temperature measurement is above the upper limit, cause the heating and cooling system of the vehicle to run a cooling cycle, wherein running the cooling cycle causes the computer heat exchanger to cool the PCM to and below the phase change temperature of the PCM.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the vehicle computer is an autonomous driving computer comprising a temperature-sensitive processor; and
the PCM is positioned between the temperature-sensitive processor and the computer heat exchanger.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further cause the system to:
receive a second temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine whether the second temperature measurement is within the upper and lower limits of the target temperature range; and
when a determination is made that the second temperature measurement is within the upper and lower limits of the target temperature range, cause the heating and cooling system to end the heating or cooling cycle.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further cause the system to:
receive a third temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine the third temperature measurement is above the upper limit or below the lower limit of the target temperature range;
cause the heating and cooling system of the vehicle to run one of the cooling cycle or heating cycle;
receive a fourth temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine the fourth temperature measurement is within the upper limit and the lower limit of the target temperature range; and
cause the heating and cooling system to end the one of the cooling cycle or heating cycle.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein an amount of time between the first temperature measurement and the third temperature measurement includes an amount of time the cooling or heating cycle is running the cooling or heating cycle and an additional amount of time where the PCM absorbs heat from or transfers heat to the vehicle computer.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature measurement comprises a temperature measurement of the vehicle computer.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature measurement comprises a temperature measurement of the PCM.
8. A vehicle, comprising:
a vehicle computer, where the vehicle computer has a target temperature range;
a heating and cooling system, comprising:
a phase change material (PCM) in heat exchange communication with the vehicle computer and having a phase change temperature that is correlated to the target temperature range; and
a computer heat exchanger in heat exchange communication with the PCM;
at least one processor; and
a memory including instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the autonomous vehicle to:
receive a first temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine whether the first temperature measurement is within an upper and a lower limit of the target temperature range;
when a determination is made that the first temperature measurement is below the lower limit, cause a heating and cooling system to run a heating cycle, wherein running the heating cycle causes the computer heat exchanger to heat the PCM to and above the phase change temperature; and
when a determination is made that the first temperature measurement is above the upper limit, cause the heating and cooling system of the vehicle to run a cooling cycle, wherein running the cooling cycle causes the computer heat exchanger to cool the PCM to and below the phase change temperature.
9. The vehicle of claim 8 ,
the vehicle computer is an autonomous driving computer comprising a temperature-sensitive processor; and
the PCM is positioned between the temperature-sensitive processor and the computer heat exchanger.
10. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the instructions further cause the system to:
receive a second temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine whether the second temperature measurement is within the upper and lower limits of the target temperature range; and
when a determination is made that the second temperature measurement is within the upper and lower limits of the target temperature range, cause the heating and cooling system to end the heating or cooling cycle.
11. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the instructions further cause the system to:
receive a third temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine the third temperature measurement is above the upper limit or below the lower limit of the target temperature range;
cause the heating and cooling system of the vehicle to run one of the cooling cycle or heating cycle;
receive a fourth temperature measurement associated with the vehicle computer;
determine the fourth temperature measurement is within the upper limit and the lower limit of the target temperature range; and
cause the heating and cooling system to end the one of the cooling cycle or heating cycle.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein an amount of time between the first temperature measurement and the third temperature measurement includes an amount of time the cooling or heating cycle is running the cooling or heating cycle and an additional amount of time where the PCM absorbs heat from or transfers heat to the vehicle computer.
13. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the first temperature measurement comprises a temperature measurement of the vehicle computer.
14. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the first temperature measurement comprises a temperature measurement of the PCM.