IP Library Granted Patent US 12,435,139
Granted Patent B2
US 12,435,139 · App. 18/069,704 · Granted Oct 7, 2025

Antibody constructs for DLL3 and CD3

Inventors: Tobias Raum (Munich, DE); Claudia Blümel (Munich, DE); Christoph Dahlhoff (Munich, DE); Patrick Hoffmann (Munich, DE); Peter Kufer (Munich, DE); Ralf Lutterbüse (Munich, DE); Elisabeth Nahrwold (Munich, DE); Jochen Pendzialek (Munich, DE)
Assignee: AMGEN RESEARCH (MUNICH) GMBH
C07K16/2809A61K39/3955A61K39/39558A61K40/11A61K40/4225C07K16/18C07K16/28C12N5/06C12N15/63A61K2039/505A61K2239/31A61K2239/38A61K2239/55A61K2239/57C07K16/22C07K16/30C07K2317/31C07K2317/33C07K2317/34C07K2317/51C07K2317/515C07K2317/56C07K2317/622C07K2317/73C07K2317/76C07K2317/77C07K2317/92C07K2317/94
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,435,139
App. No.
18/069,704
Granted
Oct 7, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

The present invention relates to a bispecific antibody construct comprising a first binding domain which binds to human DLL3 on the surface of a target cell and a second binding domain which binds to human CD3 on the surface of a T cell. Moreover, the invention provides a polynucleotide encoding the antibody construct, a vector comprising the polynucleotide and a host cell transformed or transfected with the polynucleotide or vector. Furthermore, the invention provides a process for the production of the antibody construct of the invention, a medical use of the antibody construct and a kit comprising the antibody construct.

Claims (24)

1. A bispecific antibody construct comprising a first binding domain which binds an epitope of human Delta-like Ligand 3 (DLL3) on the surface of a target cell within the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 269 and a second binding domain which binds human CD3 on the surface of a T cell, wherein the first binding domain comprises a VH region comprising CDR-H1, CDR-H2 and CDR-H3 and a VL region comprising CDR-L1, CDR-L2 and CDR-L3 selected from the group consisting of:

a) CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 171, CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 172, CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 173, CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 174, CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 175 and CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 176;

b) CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 181, CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 182, CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 183, CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 184, CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 185 and CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 186;

c) CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 191, CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 192, CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 193, CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 194, CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 195 and CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 196; and

d) CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 201, CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203, CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 204, CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 205 and CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 206.

2. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein the first binding domain comprises a VH region comprising an amino acid sequence comprising:

a) at least 85% identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 177, SEQ ID NO: 187, SEQ ID NO: 197, or SEQ ID NO: 207; or

b) the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 177, SEQ ID NO: 187, SEQ ID NO: 197, or SEQ ID NO: 207.

3. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein the first binding domain comprises a VL region comprising an amino acid sequence comprising:

a) at least 85% identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 178, SEQ ID NO: 188, SEQ ID NO: 198, or SEQ ID NO: 208; or

b) the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 178, SEQ ID NO: 188, SEQ ID NO: 198, or SEQ ID NO: 208.

4. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein the first binding domain comprises a VH region and VL region comprising a pair of amino acid sequences, respectively, comprising:

a) at least 85% identity to the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 177 and 178, SEQ ID NOs: 187 and 188, SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198, or SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208; or

b) the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 177 and 178, SEQ ID NOs: 178 and 188, SEQ ID NOs: 197 and 198, or SEQ ID NOs: 207 and 208.

5. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein the first binding domain comprises an amino acid sequence comprising:

a) at least 85% identity to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 179, SEQ ID NO: 189, SEQ ID NO: 199, or SEQ ID NO: 209; or

b) the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 179, SEQ ID NO: 189, SEQ ID NO:199, or SEQ ID NO: 209.

6. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein the antibody construct comprises a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 180, SEQ ID NO: 190, SEQ ID NO: 200, or SEQ ID NO: 210.

7. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein antibody construct is in a format of (scFv) 2 .

8. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein antibody construct is in a format of scFv-single domain monoclonal antibody (mAb).

9. The antibody construct of claim 1 , wherein the first binding domain, the second binding domain, or both is in a Fab format.

10. A composition comprising the antibody construct of claim 1 and an excipient or a combination of excipients.

11. A kit comprising the composition of claim 10 .

12. The kit of claim 11 further comprising instructions for use in treating or ameliorating a tumor or cancer disease expressing Delta-like Ligand 3 (DLL3).

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 31, 2024
From: RAUM, TOBIAS; BLÜMEL, CLAUDIA; DAHLHOFF, CHRISTOPH; HOFFMANN, PATRICK; KUFER, PETER; LUTTERBÜSE, RALF; NAHRWOLD, ELISABETH; PENDZIALEK, JOCHEN, MR.
To: AMGEN RESEARCH (MUNICH) GMBH
Reel/Frame 066313/0514 →
Continuity (6)
Continuation 16868257 · May 6, 2020
Division 16291826 · Mar 4, 2019
Division 15225107 · Aug 1, 2016
Provisional Application 62290896 · Feb 3, 2016
Provisional Application 62199930 · Jul 31, 2015
Related Publication 20230312717A1 · Oct 5, 2023
References Cited (317)
US 3691016A · Patel · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3773919A · Boswell et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3969287A · Jaworek et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4179337A · Davis et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4195128A · Gribnau et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4229537A · Hodgins et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4247642A · Hirohara et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4301144A · Iwashita et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4330440A · Ayers et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4439196A · Higuchi · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4447224A · Decant et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4447233A · Mayfield · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4475196A · La Zor · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4485045A · Regen · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4486194A · Ferrara · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4487603A · Harris · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4496689A · Mitra · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4544545A · Ryan et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4596556A · Morrow et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4640835A · Shimizu et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4670417A · Iwasaki et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4751180A · Cousens et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4790824A · Morrow et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4791192A · Nakagawa et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4816397A · Boss et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4816567A · Cabilly et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4935233A · Bell et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4941880A · Burns · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4946778A · Ladner et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5013556A · Woodle et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5064413A · Mckinnon et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5223409A · Ladner et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5225539A · Winter · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5292658A · Cormier et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5312335A · Mckinnon et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5383851A · Mckinnon et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5399163A · Peterson et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5418155A · Cormier et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476996A · Wilson et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5545806A · Lonberg et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545807A · Surani et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5565332A · Hoogenboom et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5569825A · Lonberg et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5585089A · Queen et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5591669A · Krimpenfort et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5612205A · Kay et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5625126A · Lonberg et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5625825A · Rostoker et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5633425A · Lonberg et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5643763A · Dunn et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5648260A · Winter et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5661016A · Lonberg et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5683888A · Campbell · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5693761A · Queen et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5693762A · Queen et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5698767A · Wilson et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5721367A · Kay et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5741668A · Ward et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5770429A · Lonberg et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5777079A · Tsien et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5789215A · Berns et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5789650A · Lonberg et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5804387A · Cormack et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5814318A · Lonberg et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5859205A · Adair et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5874299A · Lonberg et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5874304A · Zolotukhin et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5876995A · Bryan · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5877397A · Lonberg et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5925558A · Tsien et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5939598A · Kucherlapati et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5958765A · Brams et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5981175A · Loring et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6023010A · Krimpenfort et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6075181A · Kucherlapati et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6114598A · Kucherlapati et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6150584A · Kucherlapati et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6162963A · Kucherlapati et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6255458B1 · Lonberg et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6300064B1 · Knappik et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6407213B1 · Carter et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6673986B1 · Kucherlapati et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 9089615B2 · Stull et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9243058B2 · Armitage et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9765157B2 · Xiao et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10059766B2 · Xiao et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10220090B2 · Armitage et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10294300B2 · Raum · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10301391B2 · Raum et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10519241B2 · Raum et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 11591396B2 · Raum · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 20020160004A1 · Lyman et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030070185A1 · Jakobovits et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20050076395A1 · Kucherlapati et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20100150918A1 · Kufer · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 20120328624A1 · Yoshida et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20140302037A1 · Borges et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140308285A1 · Yan et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140363455A1 · Stull et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140364590A1 · Stull et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20160176973A1 · Kufer et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170029502A1 · Raum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170029512A1 · Raum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170037149A1 · Raum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170129961A1 · Raum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170218078A1 · Raum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170218079A1 · Raum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170349668A1 · Rattel et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20200048357A1 · Raum et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 104592392B · 2018 [cited by applicant]
EP 0088046A2 · 1983 [cited by applicant]
EP 0133988A2 · 1985 [cited by applicant]
EP 0171496A2 · 1986 [cited by applicant]
EP 0173494A2 · 1986 [cited by applicant]
EP 0058481B1 · 1986 [cited by applicant]
EP 0143949B1 · 1988 [cited by applicant]
EP 0036676B2 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
EP 0239400B1 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
EP 0463151B1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
EP 0773288A2 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
EP 0546073B1 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
EP 0843961A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
GB 2177096B · 1989 [cited by applicant]
JP 3068180B2 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
JP 3068507B2 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 8705330A1 · 1987 [cited by applicant]
WO 8809344A1 · 1988 [cited by applicant]
WO 9110741A1 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
WO 9203918A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
WO 9215673A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
WO 9222645A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
WO 9222647A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
WO 9222670A1 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
WO 9312227A1 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
WO 9315722A1 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
WO 9400569A1 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
WO 9402602A1 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
WO 9410308A1 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
WO 9425585A1 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
WO 9507463A1 · 1995 [cited by applicant]
WO 9614436A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 9633735A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 9634096A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 9713852A1 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 9738731A1 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 9814605A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 9824884A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 9824893A2 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 9826277A2 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 9852976A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 9949019A2 · 1999 [cited by applicant]
WO 9954440A1 · 1999 [cited by applicant]
WO 0006605A2 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 0034317A2 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 0076310A1 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 0347336A2 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO 2004003019A2 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005040220A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2006138181A2 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO 2007042261A2 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO 2007098420A2 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008119567A2 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2009127691A1 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO 2010037838A2 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO 2011051489A2 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 2011093097A1 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012059486A1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012150319A1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013026833A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013026837A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013075066A2 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013126746A2 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013135896A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014072481A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014125273A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014144722A2 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014151910A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2015048272A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016016859A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017134140A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
Paul, William E., Fundamental Immunology, 3rd Edition, Raven Press, New York, Chapt. 8, pp. 292-295 (1993). [cited by examiner]
Edwards et al. The remarkable flexibility of the human antibody repertoire; isolation of over one thousand different antibodies to a single protein, BLyS. J Mol Biol 334: 103-118, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Lipman et al. Monoclonal Versus Polyclonal Antibodies: Distinguishing Characteristics, Applications, and Information Resources. ILAR J 46(3): 258-268, 2005. [cited by applicant]
Lloyd et al. Modelling the human immune response: performance of a 10″11 human antibody repertoire against a broad panel of therapeutically relevant antigens. Protein Eng Design Selection 22(3): 159-168, 2009. [cited by applicant]
Dickopf et al., Format and geometries matter: Structure-based design defines the functionality of bispecific antibodies, Comput Struct Biotechnol J, 18:1221-7 (May 2020). [cited by applicant]
Roda-Navarro et al., Understanding the Spatial Topology of Artificial Immunological Synapses Assembled in T Cell-Redirecting Strategies: A Major Issue in Cancer Immunotherapy, Front Cell Dev Biol., 7:370 (Jan. 2020). [cited by applicant]
Giffin et al., AMG 757, a Half-Life Extended, DLL3-Targeted Bispecific T-Cell Engager, Shows High Potency and Sensitivity in Preclinical Models of Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Clin Cancer Res., 27(5):1526-37 (Mar. 2021). [cited by applicant]
Bhattacharya et al., Impact of genetic variation on three dimensional structure and function of proteins, PLoS One, 12(3):e0171355 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Bork et al., Powers and pitfalls in sequence analysis: the 70% hurdle, Genome Res., 10(4):398-400 (2000). [cited by applicant]
Bork, Go hunting in sequence databases but watch out for the traps, Trends in Genetics, 12(10):425-7 (1996). [cited by applicant]
Brenner, Errors in genome annotation, Trends Genet., 15(4):132-3 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Brorson et al., Mutational analysis of avidity and fine specificity of anti-levan antibodies, J. Immunol., 163(12):6694-701 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Brummel et al., Probing the combining site of an anti-carbohydrate antibody by saturation-mutagenesis: role of the heavy-chain CDR3 residues, Biochem., 32(4):1180-7 (1993). [cited by applicant]
Burks et al., In vitro scanning saturation mutagenesis of an antibody binding pocket, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94(2):412-7 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Casset et al., A peptide mimetic of an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody by rational design, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 307(1):198-205 (2003). [cited by applicant]
Chen et al., Selection and analysis of an optimized anti-VEGF antibody: crystal structure of an affinity-matured Fab in complex with antigen, J. Mol. Biol., 293(4):865-81 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Colman, Effects of amino acid sequence changes on antibody-antigen interactions, Res. Immunol., 145(1):33-6 (1994). [cited by applicant]
Doerks et al., Protein annotation: detective work for function prediction, Trends Genet., 14(6):248-50 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Fenton et al., Rheostat positions: A new classification of protein positions relevant to pharmacogenomic, Med. Chem. Res., 29(7):1133-46 (Jul. 2020). [cited by applicant]
Guo et al., Protein tolerance to random amino acid change, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(25): 9205-9210 (2004). [cited by applicant]
Holm et al., Functional mapping and single chain construction of the anti-cytokeratin 8 monoclonal antibody TS1. Mol Immunol 44: 1075-1084 (2007). [cited by applicant]
Ikeuchi et al., Delicate balance among thermal stability, binding affinity, and conformational space explored by single-domain VHH antibodies. Sci Reports, 11: 20624 (2021). [cited by applicant]
Jang et al., The structural basis for DNA binding by an anti-DNA autobody. Mol Immunol, 35: 1207-1217(1998). [cited by applicant]
Kobayashi et al. Tryptophan H33 plays an important role in pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproduct binding by a high-affinity antibody. Protein Engineering 12(10): 879-884 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Rudikoff et al. Single amino acid substitution altering antigen-binding specificity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 1979-1983 (1982). [cited by applicant]
Skolnick et al. From genes to protein structure and function: novel applications of computational approaches in the genomic era. Trends Biotechnol 18(1):34-39 (2000). [cited by applicant]
Smith et al. The challenges of genome sequence annotation or “the devil is in the details”. Nature Biotechnol 15: 1222-1223 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Tokuriki et al. Stability effects of mutations and protein evolvability. Curr Opin Structural Biol 19: 596-604 (2009). [cited by applicant]
Vasudevan et al. A single amino acid change in the binding pocket alters specificity of an anti-integrin antibody AP7.4 as revealed by its crystal structure. Blood Cells Mol Diseases 32: 176-181 (2004). [cited by applicant]
Zhang et al. Comprehensize optimization of a single-chain variable domain antibody fragment as a targeting ligand for a cytotoxic nanoparticle. mAbs 7(1): 42-52 (2015). [cited by applicant]
D'Angelo et al. Many routes to an antibody heavy-chain CDR3: Necessary, yet insufficient, for specific binding. Front Immunol 9: 305 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Altschul et al., Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-10 (1990). [cited by applicant]
Altschul et al., Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucl. Acids Res. 25(17): 3389-402 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Altschul et al., Local alignment statistics. Methods in Enzymology, 266:460-80 (1996). [cited by applicant]
Aplin et al., Preparation, properties, and applications of carbohydrate conjugates of proteins and lipids. CRC Crit. Rev. Biochem. 259-306 (1981). [cited by applicant]
Arakawa et al., Solvent interactions in pharmaceutical formulations. Pharm Res. 8(3): 285-91 (1991). [cited by applicant]
Artsaenko et al., The expression of a single-chain Fv antibody against abscisic acid creates a wilty phenotype in transgenic tobacco. The Plant J. 8: 745-50 (1995). [cited by applicant]
Bitelman et al., IGF1R-directed targeted therapy enhances the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy in endometrial cancer, Cancer Letters, 335:153-159 (2013). [cited by applicant]
Bruhl et al., Depletion of CCR5-expressing cells with bispecific antibodies and chemokine toxins: a new strategy in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and HIV. Immunol. 166: 2420-6 (2001). [cited by applicant]
Carter et al., High level [cited by applicant]
Chalfie et al., Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression. Science. 263: 802-5 (1994). [cited by applicant]
Cheadle et al., Cloning and expression of the variable regions of mouse myeloma protein MOPC315 in [cited by applicant]
Cheson et al., Report of an international workshop to standardize response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. NCI Sponsored International Working Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 17(4) : 1244-53 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Chothia et al., Canonical structures for the hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins. J. Mol. Biol. 196: 901-17 (1987). [cited by applicant]
Chothia et al., Conformation of immunoglobulin hypervariable regions. Nature 342: 877-83 (1989). [cited by applicant]
Clackson et al., Making antibody fragments using phage display libraries. Lett. Nature 352: 624-8 (1991). [cited by applicant]
Cook et al., The human immunoglobulin VH repertoire. Immunol. Today 16(5): 237-42 (1995). [cited by applicant]
Cunningham et al., High-resolution epitope mapping of hGH-receptor interactions by alanine-scanning mutagenesis. Science. 244: 1081-5 (1989). [cited by applicant]
Dall'Acqua et al., Contribution of domain interface residues to the stability of antibody CH3 domain homodimers. Biochemistry. 37: 9266-73 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Devereux et al., A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucl. Acid. Res. 12: 387-95 (1984). [cited by applicant]
Duskin et al., Relationship of the structure and biological activity of the natural homologues of tunicamycin. J. Biol. Chem., 257:3105-9 (1982). [cited by applicant]
Edge et al., Deglycosylation of glycoproteins by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Anal. Biochem. 118:131-7 (1981). [cited by applicant]
Eppstein et al., Biological activity of liposome-encapsulated murine interferon y is mediated by a cell membrane receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 82: 3688-92 (1985). [cited by applicant]
Fecker et al., Expression of single-chain antibody fragments (scFv) specific for beet necrotic yellow vein virus coat protein or 25 kDa protein in [cited by applicant]
Feng et al., Progressive sequence alignment as a prerequisite to correct phylogenetic trees. J. Mol. Evol., 35: 351-60 (1987). [cited by applicant]
Gabizon et al., Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of doxorubicin encapsulated in stable liposomes with long circulation times. J. National Cancer Inst. 81(19): 1484-8 (1989). [cited by applicant]
Graham et al., Characteristics of a human cell line transformed by DNA from human adenovirus type 5. J. Gen Virol. 36: 59-74 (1977). [cited by applicant]
Green et al., Antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies from mice engineered with human lg heavy and light chain YACs. Nature Genetics 7:13-21 (1994). [cited by applicant]
Green et al., Regulation of B cell development by variable gene complexity in mice reconstituted with human immunoglobulin yeast artificial chromosomes. J. Exp. Med. 188:483-95 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Hakimuddin et al., A chemical method for the deglycosylation of proteins. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 259:52-7 (1987). [cited by applicant]
Hawkins et al., Selection of phaae antibodies by bindina affinity. J. Mol. Biol. 254: 889-96 (1992). [cited by applicant]
Heim et al., Engineering green fluorescent protein for improved brightness, longer wavelengths and fluorescence resonating energy transfer. Curr. Biol. 6:178-82 (1996). [cited by applicant]
Hiatt et al., Production of antibodies in transgenic plants. Nature 342: 76-8 (1989). [cited by applicant]
Higgins et al., Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer. CABIOS 5: 151-3 (1989). [cited by applicant]
Holliger et al., “Diabodies”: small bivalent and bispecific antibody fragments. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90(14): 6444-8 (1993). [cited by applicant]
Hoppe et al., A parallel three stranded alpha-helical bundle at the nucleation site of collagen triple-helix formation. FEBS Lett. 344: 191-5 (1994). [cited by applicant]
Huston et al., Protein engineering of antibody binding sites: recovery of specific activity in an anti-digoxin single-chain Fv analogue produced in [cited by applicant]
Hwang et al., Hepatic uptake and degradation of unilamellar sphingomyelin/cholecterol liposomes: A kinetic study. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 77: 4030-4 (1980). [cited by applicant]
Ichiki et al., Regulation of the expression of human C epsilon germline transcript. Identification of a novel IL-4 responsive element. J. Immunol. 150: 5408-17 (1993). [cited by applicant]
International Search Report, PCT/EP2016/068285, dated Nov. 25, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Jones et al., Replacing the complementarity-determine regions in a human antibody with those from a mouse. Nature, 321: 522-5 (1986). [cited by applicant]
Karlin et al., Applications and statistics for multiple high-scoring segments in molecular sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 5873-7 (1993). [cited by applicant]
Kaufman, Selection and coamplification of heterologous genes in mammalian cells. Meth. Enzvmol. 185: 537-66 (1990). [cited by applicant]
Kipriyanov et al., Bispecific tandem diabody for tumor therapy with improved antigen binding and pharmacokinetics. J. Mol. Biol. 293: 41-56 (1999). [cited by applicant]
Kohler et al., Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature. 256:495-7 (1975). [cited by applicant]
Kozbor et al., The production of monoclonal antibodies from human lymphocytes. Immunol. Today. 4(3): 72-9 (1983). [cited by applicant]
Kufer et al., A revival of bispecific antibodies. Trends Biotechnol. 22(5): 238-44 (2004). [cited by applicant]
Kufer et al., Construction and biological activity of a recombinant bispecific single-chain antibody designed for therapy of minimal residual colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 45: 193-7 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Kumar et al., Molecular cloning and expression of the Fabs of human autoantibodies in [cited by applicant]
Langer et al., Biocompatibility of polymeric delivery systems for macromolecules. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 15(2): 267-77 (1981). [cited by applicant]
Langer, Controlled release of macromolecules, Chem. Tech. 12: 98-105 (1982). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/486,853, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/486,859, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/759,620, Jakobovits et al. [cited by applicant]
Ward et al., Binding activities of a repertoire of single immunoglobulin variable domains secreted from [cited by applicant]
Xiu et al., The role of DLLs in cancer: a novel therapeutic target, Oncotargets Therapy, 13:3881-3901 (2020). [cited by applicant]
Lowman et al., Selecting high-affinity binding proteins by monovalent phage display. Biochemistry 30: 10832-7 (1991). [cited by applicant]
Maccallum et al., Antibody-antigen interactions: Contact analysis and binding site topography. J. Mol. Biol. 262:732-45 (1996). [cited by applicant]
Mack et al., Biologic properties of a bispecific single-chain antibody directed against 17-1A (EpCAM) and CD3: tumor cell-dependent T cell stimulation and cytotoxic activity. J. Immunol. 158: 3965-70 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Marks et al., By-passing immunization. Human antibodies from V-gene libraries displayed on phage. J. Mol. Biol. 222:581-97 (1991). [cited by applicant]
Martin et al., Irreversible coupling of immunoglobulin fragments to preformed vesicles. An improved method for liposome targeting. J. Biol. Chem. 257:286-8 (1982). [cited by applicant]
Martin et al., Structural families in loops of homologous proteins: automatic classification, modelling and application to antibodies. J. Mol. Biol. 263: 800-15 (1996). [cited by applicant]
Mather et al., Culture of testicular cells in hormone-supplemented serum-free medium. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 383: 44-68 (1982). [cited by applicant]
Mather, Establishment and characterization of two distinct mouse testicular epithelial cell lines. Biol. Reprod. 23: 243-51 (1980). [cited by applicant]
Mendez et al., Functional transplant of megabase human immunoglobulin loci recapitulates human antibody response in mice. Nature Genetics 15:146-56 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Morrison et al., Chimeric human antibody molecules: mouse antigen-binding domains with human constant reaion domains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 6851-5 (1984). [cited by applicant]
Needleman et al., A general method applicable to the search for similarities in the amino acid sequence of two proteins. J. Mol. Biol. 48: 443-53 (1970). [cited by applicant]
Nolan et al., Fluorescence-activated cell analysis and sorting of viable mammalian cells based on beta-D-galactosidase activity after transduction of [cited by applicant]
Office Action corresponding to Colombian Application No. NC2018/0000877, dated May 27, 2019. [cited by applicant]
Ohtani et al. Mechanisms of antibody-mediated insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IFG-IR) down-regulation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, BioScience Trends, 3(4): 131-138 (2009). [cited by applicant]
Olsson et al., Human-human monoclonal antibody-producing hybridomas: Technical aspects. Meth. Enzymol. 92: 3-16 (1982). [cited by applicant]
Owen et al., Synthesis of a functional anti-phytochrome single-chain Fv protein in transgenic tobacco. Bio/Technology. 10: 790-4 (1992). [cited by applicant]
Pearson et al., Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:2444-8 (1988). [cited by applicant]
Presta, Antibody engineering. Curr. Op. Struct. Biol. 2: 593-6 (1992). [cited by applicant]
Randolph et al., Surfactant-protein interactions. Pharm Biotechnol. 13: 159-75 (2002). [cited by applicant]
Raum et al., Anti-self antibodies selected from a human IgD heavy chain repertoire: a novel approach to generate therapeutic human antibodies against tumor-associated differentiation antiqens. Cancer Immunol. Immunother… [cited by applicant]
Riechmann et al., Reshaping human antibodies for therapy. Nature 332: 323-9 (1988). [cited by applicant]
Schier et al., Efficient in vitro affinity maturation of phage antibodies using BIAcore guided selections. Hum. Antibodies Hybridomas. 7(3): 97-105 (1996). [cited by applicant]
Schlereth et al., T-cell activation and B-cell depletion in chimpanzees treated with a bispecific anti-CD19/anti-CD3 sinale-chain antibody construct. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 55: 503-14 (2006). [cited by applicant]
Sidman et al., Controlled release of macromolecules and pharmaceuticals from synthetic polypeptides based on glutamic acid. Biopolymers 2: 547-56 (1983). [cited by applicant]
Smith et al., Comparison of Biosequences. Adv. Appl. Math. 2:482-9 (1981). [cited by applicant]
Smith-Gill et al., Contributions of immunoglobulin heavy and light chains to antibody specificity for lysozyme and two haptens, J. Immunol., 139: 4135-4144 (1987). [cited by applicant]
Song et al. Light chain of natural antibody plays a dominant role in protein antigen binding, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 268: 390-394 (2000). [cited by applicant]
Stauber et al., Development and applications of enhanced green fluorescent protein mutants. Biotechniques. 24: 462-71 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Takeda et al., Construction of chimaeric processed immunoglobulin genes containing mouse variable and human constant region sequences. Nature, 314: 452-4 (1985). [cited by applicant]
Thotakura et al., Enzymatic deglycosylation of glycoproteins. Meth. Enzymol. 138:350-9 (1987). [cited by applicant]
Tomlinson et al., The repertoire of human germline VH sequences reveals about fifty groups of VH segments with different hypervariable loops. J. Mol. Biol. 227: 776-98 (1992). [cited by applicant]
Tomlinson et al., The structural repertoire of the human V kappa domain. EMBO J. 14:4628-38 (1995). [cited by applicant]
Topp et al., Long-term follow-up of hematologic relapse-free survival in a phase 2 study of blinatumomab in patients with MRD in B-lineage ALL. Blood, 120(26): 5185-7 (2012). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 07/466,008, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 07/574,748, Kay et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 07/575,962, Lonberg et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 07/610,515, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 07/904,068, Lonberg et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 07/919,297, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/112,848, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/155,301, Lonberg et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/161,739, Lonberg et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/165,699, Lonberg et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/209,741, Kay et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/234,145, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/376,279, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/430,938, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/462,837, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/463,191, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 08/464,584, Kucherlapati et al. [cited by applicant]
Bluemel et al., Epitope distance to the target cell membrane and antigen size determine the potency of T cell-mediated lysis by BiTE antibodies specific for a large melanoma surface antigen, Cancer Immunology Immunother… [cited by applicant]