Method for fabricating a ceramic material
A ceramic article includes a ceramic matrix composite that has a porous reinforcement structure and a ceramic matrix within pores of the porous reinforcement structure. The ceramic matrix composite includes a surface zone comprised of an exterior surface of the ceramic matrix composite and pores that extend from the exterior surface into the ceramic matrix composite. A glaze material seals the surface zone within the pores of the surface zone and on the exterior surface of the surface zone as an exterior glaze layer on the ceramic matrix composite. The glaze material is a glass or glass-ceramic material. The ceramic matrix composite includes an interior zone under the surface zone, and the interior zone is free of any of the glaze material and has a greater porosity than the surface zone.
1. A ceramic article comprising:
a ceramic matrix composite including a porous reinforcement structure and a ceramic matrix within pores of the porous reinforcement structure, the ceramic matrix composite including a surface zone comprised of an exterior surface of the ceramic matrix composite and pores that extend from the exterior surface into the ceramic matrix composite;
a glaze material sealing the surface zone within the pores of the surface zone and on the exterior surface of the surface zone as an exterior glaze layer on the ceramic matrix composite, wherein the glaze material is a borosilicate glass (BSG) material, and the ceramic matrix composite including an interior zone under the surface zone, the interior zone being free of any of the glaze material and having a greater porosity than the surface zone; and
wherein the glaze material has a composition including, by weight, 10 to 30% Boron Oxide, B 2 O 3 , 0 to 4% Aluminum Oxide, Al 2 O 3 , 0 to 8% Sodium Oxide, Na 2 O, and 65 to 85% Silicon Dioxide, SiO 2 .
2. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the glaze material defines a distinct border between the interior zone that has no glaze material and the surface zone that has the glaze material.
3. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the glaze material includes a nucleating agent forming crystalline phases with application of a heat treatment.
4. The ceramic article of claim 3 , wherein the nucleating agent includes zirconium or a compound containing zirconium.
5. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the porous reinforcement structure is a fibrous structure including at least one of ceramic, metallic, and carbon fibers.
6. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic matrix is formed from a preceramic material comprising at least one of a carbosilane-, carbonitride-, carbosilane-, carbonitride-, silazane-, silane-, and siloxane-based polymer.
7. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises an airfoil of a gas turbine engine.
8. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises a combustor liner of a gas turbine engine.
9. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the glaze material forms a continuous glaze layer on exterior surfaces of the ceramic article.