Electric vehicle (EV) system and operating method
Methods and systems for an electric vehicle (EV). The EV system includes an electric drive axle that includes a first electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a first drive wheel, a second electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a second drive wheel, and a motor coupling clutch configured to selectively rotationally couple the first electric motor to the second electric motor. The EV system further includes a controller configured to selectively rotationally couple the first electric motor to the second electric motor via operation of the motor coupling clutch based on vehicle load.
1. An electric vehicle (EV) system, comprising:
an electric drive axle, comprising:
a first electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a first drive wheel;
a second electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a second drive wheel;
a motor coupling clutch configured to selectively rotationally couple the first electric motor to the second electric motor; and
a controller including instructions that when executed cause the controller to:
selectively rotationally couple the first electric motor to the second electric motor via operation of the motor coupling clutch based on vehicle load.
2. The EV system of claim 1 , wherein selectively rotationally coupling the first electric motor to the second electric motor includes rotationally coupling the first electric motor to the second electric motor in response to the vehicle load decreasing below a threshold value.
3. The EV system of claim 2 , wherein the controller further includes instructions that when executed, when a vehicle steering angle exceeds a threshold angle and when the vehicle load is below the threshold vehicle load, cause the controller to:
sustain rotational decoupling between the first electric motor and the second electric motor.
4. The EV system of claim 2 , wherein selectively rotationally coupling the first electric motor to the second electric motor includes rotationally coupling the first electric motor to the second electric motor when a steering angle is less than a threshold angle.
5. The EV system of claim 2 , wherein the controller further includes instructions that when executed, in response to the vehicle load decreasing below the threshold value and when a steering angle is less than a threshold angle, cause the controller to:
operate the first electric motor to provide mechanical power to the first and second drive wheels while the second electric motor is shutdown.
6. The EV system of claim 1 , wherein the electric drive axle is a rear electric drive axle and wherein the EV system is included in an EV with a payload receiving component position adjacent to and/or above the rear electric drive axle.
7. The EV system of claim 1 , wherein the motor coupling clutch is a friction clutch.
8. The EV system of claim 7 , wherein the friction clutch is hydraulically actuated via a hydraulic actuation system.
9. The EV system of claim 8 , wherein the controller is a motor control unit that is in electronic communication with an actuation motor in the hydraulic actuation system.
10. The EV system of claim 1 , wherein the first electric motor, the second electric motor, the first drive wheel, and the second drive wheel are coaxially arranged.
11. The EV system of claim 1 , wherein the motor coupling clutch is a dog clutch.
12. The EV system of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle load is determined based on torque and speed demands of the first electric motor and the second electric motor.
13. A method for operation of an electric vehicle (EV) system, comprising:
disengaging a motor coupling clutch to rotationally decouple a first electric motor and a second electric motor that are included in an electric drive axle based on a vehicle load and a steering angle of the EV system;
wherein the electric drive axle includes:
the first electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a first drive wheel; and
the second electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a second drive wheel.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the motor coupling clutch is disengaged when a vehicle load increases above a threshold value.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising disengaging the motor coupling clutch when the steering angle exceeds a threshold value and/or when the vehicle load surpasses the threshold value.
16. An electric vehicle (EV) system, comprising:
a first electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a first drive wheel;
a second electric motor configured to transfer mechanical power to a second drive wheel;
a motor coupling clutch configured to selectively rotationally couple the first electric motor to the second electric motor; and
a controller including instructions that when executed, when a steering angle is less than a threshold angle and a vehicle load is greater than a threshold vehicle load cause the controller to:
rotationally decouple the first electric motor from the second electric motor via operation of the motor coupling clutch; and
operate the first electric motor to deliver mechanical power to the first drive wheel and second electric motor to deliver mechanical power to the second drive wheel.
17. The EV system of claim 16 , wherein the controller further includes instructions that when executed, when the steering angle is greater than the threshold angle, cause the controller to:
rotationally decouple the first electric motor from the second electric motor via operation of the motor coupling clutch; and
operate the first electric motor to deliver mechanical power to the first drive wheel; and
operate the second electric motor to deliver mechanical power to the second drive wheel.
18. The EV system of claim 16 , wherein the motor coupling clutch is a hydraulically operated friction clutch.
19. The EV system of claim 16 , wherein the EV system is included in an off-highway vehicle.
20. The EV system of claim 16 , wherein the vehicle load is determined based on an electric power consumption of the first electric motor and the second electric motor.