Glass plate and window
To provide a glass plate for a window material and a window comprising the glass plate, which are less likely to be a barrier to radio transmitting/receiving in use of a radio-utilizing apparatus, and a radio communication apparatus comprising the glass plate. A glass plate having a radio transmittance of at least 20% at a frequency of 100 GHz as calculated as 18 mm thickness, a window comprising the glass plate, and a radio communication apparatus comprising the glass plate.
1. A glass plate, comprising:
a glass having a composition including 55≤SiO 2 ≤73.56, 1.44≤Al 2 O 3 ≤9, 6.0≤B 2 O 3 ≤13, 0≤MgO≤15, 0≤CaO≤20, 0≤SrO≤15, 0≤BaO≤1, 0.01≤Li 2 O≤19.1, 0≤Na 2 O≤16,
0.9≤K 2 O≤16, 0≤ZrO 2 ≤2, 0.001≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤5, 0.001≤TiO 2 ≤5, 0≤PbO<0.001, and 0≤ZnO≤3 such that the 0.91≤R 2 O≤20, 0≤RO≤20, 56.44≤SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 ≤75, 85≤SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+Li 2 O+Na 2 O+K 2 O+Fe 2 O 3 +TiO 2 ≤100, 10<7Al 2 O 3 +3MgO-4Li 2 O≤66, and 0≤Na 2 O/R 2 O≤0.8, by mol % based on oxides, where R 2 O is a total content of alkali metal oxides, and RO is a total content of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO,
wherein the glass plate has a radio transmittance of at least 20% at a frequency of 100 GHz as calculated as 18 mm thickness.
2. The glass plate according to claim 1 , wherein the composition of the glass has 60≤SiO 2 ≤73, 0≤MgO≤10, 0.5≤CaO≤18, 0.5≤SrO≤12, 1≤Li 2 O≤15, 1≤Na 2 O≤15, 1≤K 2 O≤15, 0.5≤ZrO 2 ≤1.8, 5≤R 2 O≤18, 5≤RO≤19, 11≤7Al 2 O 3 +3MgO-4Li 2 O≤60, 0.05≤Na 2 O/R 2 O≤0.6 and 0≤ZnO≤2 by mol % based on oxides.
3. The glass plate according to claim 1 , wherein the glass plate has a radio transmittance of at least 25% at a frequency of 100 GHz as calculated as 18 mm thickness.
4. The glass plate according to claim 1 , wherein the glass plate has a radio transmittance of at most 84% at a frequency of 100 GHz as calculated as 18 mm thickness.
5. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which satisfies a linear approximation of y>(0.0607×x), wherein y (V/m) is the electric field strength at a measurement point 10λ apart from the opening, and x is a value obtained by dividing the opening area S (mm 2 ) by λ 2 , when plane waves at a frequency of 10 GHz at an electric field strength of 1 V/m are made to enter the glass plate having a thickness of 1.2λ from a wave source 2λ apart from an opening.
6. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which satisfies an exponential approximation of y′>exp(−0.081×x′), wherein y′ is the approximate transmittance at a frequency of 100 GHz, and x′ is the thickness (mm) of the glass plate.
7. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which satisfies an exponential approximation y″=[constant 1]×e [constant 2]×x″ , of y″>0.8619e −0.015x″ of the relation between the frequency x″ and the radio transmittance y″ at a frequency of from 6 to 20 GHZ, as calculated as 18 mm thickness.
8. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which has an area of at least 900 mm 2 .
9. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which has a specific gravity of from 2.40 to 3.00, a Young's modulus of from 60 GPa to 100 GPa and an average coefficient of linear expansion from 50° C. to 350° C. of from 35×10 −7 to 120×10 −7 .
10. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which has a Na 2 O elution amount of from 0.001 mg to 0.6 mg in a water resistance test.
11. The glass plate according to claim 1 , wherein a temperature at which the glass viscosity becomes 10 2 dPa·s T 2 is at most 1,750° C., a temperature at which the glass viscosity becomes 10 4 dPa·s T 4 is at most 1,350° C., and T 4 -T L is at least −150° C., wherein T L is the liquid phase temperature of the glass.
12. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which has a glass transition point Tg of from 400° C. to 750° C.
13. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which has a visible light transmittance T VA of from 30 to 92% as calculated as 3.85 mm plate thickness.
14. The glass plate according to claim 1 , which has a solar direct transmittance Te of from 35 to 91% as calculated as 3.85 mm plate thickness.
15. The glass plate according to claim 1 , wherein A×radio transmittance is from 0.0225 m · % to 8,400 m 2· %, wherein A is the area (m 2 ) of the glass plate.
16. The glass plate according to claim 1 , wherein radio transmittance/t is from 0.7%/mm to 84%/mm, wherein t is the thickness (mm) of the glass plate.
17. A radio communication apparatus, comprising:
the glass plate of claim 1 .
18. A window, comprising:
the glass plate of claim 1 .
19. The window according to claim 18 , which is suitable for an automobile or suitable for a building.