Method for producing high nickel lithiated metal oxide for battery
A method for preparing high nickel lithiated metal oxides that includes selecting one or more nickel precursors; at least one non-corrosive lithium salt; and a plurality of metal oxide or hydroxide precursors. The metal precursors and lithium salts are mixed together to form a mixture comprising: Li x Ni y M z N (1−y−z) O (2−a) Fa (F-1) wherein x=1.0-1.1, 0.80≤y≤0.90, 0.03<z≤0.15, and 0≤a≤0.05; M is Co or Fe; and N is Al, Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ti, Cr, Nb, Mo, W, B, or a mixture thereof provided N may be Fe when M is Co. The mixture is subjected to sintering (1st step) in air at ≥750° C. to form a powder. The powder is subjected to a 2 nd sintering step in O 2 at ≤750° C. to form the high nickel lithiated metal oxides.
1. A process for preparing high nickel lithiated metal oxides, the process comprising:
a. Selecting one or more nickel precursors;
b. Providing at least one non-corrosive lithium salt;
c. Delivering a plurality of metal oxide or hydroxide precursors; wherein at least one of the metal oxide/hydroxide precursors comprises cobalt (Co), iron (Fe) or a combination thereof and at least another metal oxide/hydroxide precursor includes aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), boron (B), or a combination thereof;
d. Mixing the one or more nickel precursors, the at least one non-corrosive lithium salt, and the plurality of metal oxide/hydroxide precursors together to form a mixture;
e. Spray drying the mixture to form a powder; and
f. Subjecting the powder to a 1 st sintering step and then to a 2 nd sintering step to form the high nickel lithiated metal oxides comprising:
Li x Ni y M z N (1−y−z) O (2−a) Fa (F-1)
wherein x=1.0-1.1, 0.80≤y≤0.90, 0.03<z≤0.15, and 0≤a≤0.05, M is Co or Fe; and N is Al, Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ti, Cr, Nb, Mo, W, B, or a mixture thereof, provided N may be Fe when M is Co;
wherein the 1 st sintering step is performed in an air environment at a temperature ≥750° C.; and
wherein the 2 nd sintering step is performed in an O 2 environment at a temperature≤750° C.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the M in formula (F-1) is cobalt.
3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the y in formula (F-1) is 0.80≤y≤0.87.
4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the y in formula (F-1) is 0.80≤y≤0.85.
5. The process according to claim 2 , wherein N in formula (F-1) is Al.
6. The process according to claim 2 , wherein N in formula (F-1) is Mn.
7. The process according to claim 2 , wherein N in formula (F-1) is Al and Mn with a molar ratio of Al/Mn ranging from 0.99/0.01 to 0.01/0.99.
8. The process according to claim 2 , wherein N in formula (F-1) is Al, Mn, and either Fe or Mo with a molar ratio of Al/Mn/(Fe—Mo) ranging from 0.99/0.05/0.05 to 0.05/0.99/0.05 to 0.05/0.05/0.99.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the O 2 environment of the 2 nd sintering step is pure oxygen.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the 1 st sintering step has a temperature that is ≥750° C. and ≤1000° C.
11. The process according to claim 10 , wherein the temperature in the 1 st sintering step is ≥800° C. and ≤950° C.
12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the temperature in the 1 st sintering step is ≥850° C. and ≤900° C.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the 1 st sintering step is performed with a sintering time that is in a range of 2 hours to 24 hours.
14. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature in the 2 nd sintering step is ≤750° C. and ≥700° C.
15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the 2 nd sintering step is performed with a sintering time that is in a range of 2 hours to 24 hours.
16. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the sintering time of the 2 nd sintering step is longer than the sintering time of the 1 st sintering step.