Apparatus and method for efficient and scalable quantum instruction implementation for a high sensitivity silicon spin qubit readout
Apparatus and method for a quantum readout instruction. For example, one embodiment of an apparatus comprises: quantum instruction processing circuitry to process a quantum readout instruction to read states of one or more qubits of a quantum processor, the quantum readout instruction comprising instruction fields including a first one or more fields to identify a first target qubit and a second one or more fields to indicate signal processing parameters; and quantum signal processing circuitry coupled to the quantum instruction processing circuitry, the quantum signal processing circuitry to be configured based on the signal processing parameters and to perform a measurement of the first target qubit responsive to the quantum readout instruction.
1 . An apparatus comprising:
first circuitry to process a quantum readout instruction to read states of one or more qubits of a quantum processor, the quantum readout instruction comprising instruction fields including a first one or more fields to identify a first target qubit and a second one or more fields to indicate parameters to produce one or more synthesized waveforms; and
second circuitry coupled to the first circuitry, the second circuitry to be configured based on the parameters and to perform a measurement of the first target qubit responsive to the quantum readout instruction, the second circuitry comprises:
waveform synthesis circuitry to produce a synthesized waveform based on the parameters, and to transmit the synthesized waveform to a matching network associated with the first target qubit to produce a reflected waveform; and
detection circuitry to identify differences between the reflected waveform and the synthesized waveform to determine a state associated with the first target qubit.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first one or more fields include a first field to identify a measurement register in which to store data indicating the state of the first target qubit.
3 . The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the quantum readout instruction comprises a third one or more fields to indicate a magnitude threshold and/or a phase shift threshold, wherein the detection circuitry comprises a threshold comparator to extract qubit state data to determine the state of the first target qubit based on the magnitude threshold and/or a phase shift threshold.
4 . The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second one or more fields are to specify a frequency value, a phase value, a gain value, and/or an envelope value to be used by the waveform synthesis circuitry to produce the synthesized waveform.
5 . The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the waveform synthesis circuitry further comprises:
a phase accumulator to generate samples at a rate specified based on the frequency value, the phase accumulator to generate a first signal having a first phase; and
a phase adder to add the phase value to the first phase to generate a second signal having a second phase.
6 . The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the waveform synthesis circuitry further comprises:
a phase-to-amplitude converter to generate a third signal having a variable amplitude based on phase values of the second signal.
7 . The apparatus of claim 6 further comprising:
an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter to convert the second or third signal to the synthesized waveform.
8 . The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first circuitry comprises:
a decoder to decode a stream of quantum instructions including the quantum readout instruction and responsively generate quantum microoperations identifying values used to perform quantum operations;
dispatch/timing control circuitry to dispatch one or more of the quantum microoperations to a quantum waveform synthesizer to cause the quantum waveform synthesizer to generate a synthesized waveform; and
one or more additional quantum waveform synthesizers, wherein the dispatch/timing control circuitry is to dispatch different sets of the quantum microoperations to different quantum waveform synthesizers.
9 . A method comprising:
processing a quantum readout instruction by first circuitry to read states of one or more qubits of a quantum processor, the quantum readout instruction comprising instruction fields including a first one or more fields to identify a first target qubit and a second one or more fields to indicate parameters to produce one or more synthesized waveforms;
configuring second circuitry based on the parameters; and
performing a measurement of the first target qubit responsive to the quantum readout instruction, wherein performing the measurement further comprises:
producing a synthesized waveform based on the parameters;
transmitting the synthesized waveform to a matching network associated with the first target qubit to produce a reflected waveform; and
identifying differences between the reflected waveform and the synthesized waveform to determine a state associated with the first target qubit.
10 . The method of claim 9 further comprising:
identifying a measurement register in which to store data indicating the state of the first target qubit based on a first field of the first one or more fields.
11 . The method of claim 9 wherein the quantum readout instruction comprises a third one or more fields to indicate a magnitude threshold and/or a phase shift threshold, the method further comprising:
extracting qubit state data to determine the state of the first target qubit based on the magnitude threshold and/or a phase shift threshold.
12 . The method of claim 9 wherein the second one or more fields are to specify a frequency value, a phase value, a gain value, and/or an envelope value to be used to produce the synthesized waveform.
13 . The method of claim 12 wherein producing the synthesized waveform further comprises:
generating samples at a rate specified based on the frequency value, and generating a first signal having a first phase;
adding the phase value to the first phase to generate a second signal having a second phase;
generating a third signal having a variable amplitude based on phase values of the second signal; and
converting the second or third signal to the synthesized waveform.
14 . A non-transitory machine-readable medium having program code stored thereon which, when executed by a machine, causes the machine to perform:
processing a quantum readout instruction by first circuitry to read states of one or more qubits of a quantum processor, the quantum readout instruction comprising instruction fields including a first one or more fields to identify a first target qubit and a second one or more fields to indicate parameters to produce one or more synthesized waveforms;
configuring second circuitry based on the parameters; and
performing a measurement of the first target qubit responsive to the quantum readout instruction, wherein performing the measurement further comprises:
producing a synthesized waveform based on the parameters;
transmitting the synthesized waveform to a matching network associated with the first target qubit to produce a reflected waveform; and
identifying differences between the reflected waveform and the synthesized waveform to determine a state associated with the first target qubit.
15 . The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 14 further comprising program code to cause the machine to perform:
identifying a measurement register in which to store data indicating the state of the first target qubit based on a first field of the first one or more fields.
16 . The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 14 wherein the quantum readout instruction comprises a third one or more fields to indicate a magnitude threshold and/or a phase shift threshold, the program code to cause the machine to further perform:
extracting qubit state data to determine the state of the first target qubit based on the magnitude threshold and/or a phase shift threshold.
17 . The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 14 wherein the second one or more fields are to specify a frequency value, a phase value, a gain value, and/or an envelope value to be used to produce the synthesized waveform.
18 . The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17 wherein producing the synthesized waveform further comprises:
generating samples at a rate specified based on the frequency value, and generating a first signal having a first phase;
adding the phase value to the first phase to generate a second signal having a second phase;
generating a third signal having a variable amplitude based on phase values of the second signal; and
converting the second or third signal to the synthesized waveform.