Inductively coupled plasma source with radial coil network
An apparatus for generating plasma inductively in a process chamber leverages a radial coil network. In some embodiments, the radial coil network is a planar structure comprising an inner conductor with an open center where at least one RF power source is electrically connected to the inner conductor at a power node, an outer conductor spaced away from and surrounding the inner conductor where at least one ground is electrically connected to the outer conductor at a ground node, a plurality of branch conductors extending from the inner conductor to the outer conductor where the plurality of branch conductors is distributed uniformly in the radial coil network, and a plurality of capacitors where at least one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors is electrically interposed into each branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors.
1 . An apparatus for generating plasma inductively in a process chamber, comprising:
a radial coil network with a planar structure configured to inductively generate plasma in the process chamber, including:
an inner conductor with an open center, wherein at least one RF power source is electrically connected to the inner conductor at a power node;
an outer conductor spaced away from and surrounding the inner conductor, wherein at least one ground is electrically connected to the outer conductor at a ground node;
a plurality of branch conductors extending from the inner conductor to the outer conductor, wherein the plurality of branch conductors are distributed uniformly in the radial coil network; and
a plurality of capacitors, wherein at least one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors is electrically interposed into each branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
an inductive power excitation source positioned directly above the radial coil network.
3 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the inductive power excitation source has a circular open-loop structure or a helix structure.
4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of capacitors is a vacuum capacitor.
5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of capacitors is a variable capacitor.
6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of capacitors has a capacitance value of approximately 100 pF to approximately 800 pF.
7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a phase shift assembly interposed between the at least one RF power source and the radial coil network, wherein the phase shift assembly has a first output with a phase of zero, a second output with a phase of 120 degrees, and a third output with a phase of 240 degrees,
wherein the first output is electrically connected to the power node that is an interconnection point between a first branch conductor and the inner conductor, the second output is electrically connected to a second power node that is an interconnection point between a second branch conductor and the inner conductor, and the third output is electrically connected to a third power node that is an interconnection point between a third branch conductor and the inner conductor, and
wherein the power node, the second power node, and the third power node have an angular separation of 120 degrees.
8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the inner conductor has a hexagon or octagon shape.
9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of branch conductors has a nontangential connection at the inner conductor and a nontangential connection at the outer conductor.
10 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the power node is positioned at a first end of a first branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors at the inner conductor and the ground node is positioned at a second end of the first branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors at the outer conductor.
11 . The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein a second power node is positioned at a first end of a second branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors at the inner conductor and a second ground node is positioned at a second end of the second branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors at the outer conductor and wherein the first branch conductor and the second branch conductor are separated by 180 degrees in the radial coil network.
12 . The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the at least one RF power source includes a first RF power source with a first frequency that is connected to the first power node and a second RF power source with a second frequency that is connected to the second power node.
13 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the first frequency is different from the second frequency.
14 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further including:
a variable phase shift assembly interposed between the at least one RF power source and a plurality of power nodes positioned at each electrical connection of the plurality of branch conductors with the inner conductor.
15 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the radial coil network is surrounded by a static magnetic field coil, wherein the static magnetic field coil is configured to be magnetically coupled to the radial coil network when energized, and wherein the static magnetic field coil is electrically connected to a DC bias power supply.
16 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one shunting variable capacitor that is electrically connected between the inner conductor and a chamber ground.
17 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of branch conductors have 8 branch conductors or more.
18 . An apparatus for generating plasma inductively in a process chamber, comprising:
a radial coil network with a planar structure configured to inductively generate plasma in the process chamber, including:
an inner conductor with an open center, wherein a first RF power source is electrically connected to the inner conductor at a first power node and a second RF power source is electrically connected to the inner conductor at a second power node;
an outer conductor spaced away from and surrounding the inner conductor, wherein a first ground is electrically connected to the outer conductor at a first ground node opposite the first power node and a second ground is electrically connected to the outer conductor at a second ground node opposite the second power node;
a plurality of branch conductors extending from the inner conductor to the outer conductor, wherein the plurality of branch conductors are distributed uniformly in the radial coil network about the inner conductor and wherein a first branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors is electrically interposed between the first power node and the first ground node and a second branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors is electrically interposed between the second power node and the second ground node; and
a plurality of capacitors, wherein at least one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors is electrically interposed into each branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors and wherein the at least one capacitor is a variable capacitor.
19 . The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the first RF power source and the second RF power source are different in frequency, phase, or amplitude.
20 . An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) process chamber for treating substrates with plasma, comprising:
a chamber body with a lid, a process volume, and a substrate support;
a first RF power source with a first frequency;
a second RF power source with a second frequency; and
a radial coil network with a planar structure positioned above the lid of the process chamber and configured to inductively generate plasma in the chamber body, including:
an inner conductor with an open center, wherein the first RF power source is electrically connected to the inner conductor at a first power node and the second RF power source is electrically connected to the inner conductor at a second power node;
an outer conductor spaced away from and surrounding the inner conductor, wherein a first ground is electrically connected to the outer conductor at a first ground node opposite the first power node and a second ground is electrically connected to the outer conductor at a second ground node opposite the second power node;
a plurality of branch conductors extending from the inner conductor to the outer conductor, wherein the plurality of branch conductors are distributed uniformly in the radial coil network about the inner conductor and wherein a first branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors is electrically interposed between the first power node and the first ground node and a second branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors is electrically interposed between the second power node and the second ground node; and
a plurality of capacitors, wherein at least one capacitor of the plurality of capacitors is electrically interposed into each branch conductor of the plurality of branch conductors and wherein the at least one capacitor is a variable capacitor.