Multiport energy routing systems
An embodiment of the disclosure provides a flexible multiport energy routing system comprising a first port configured to connect to an AC grid, a plurality of second ports configured to connect to a plurality of devices, a step-down transformer, a power converter stack, and a third port. The step-down transformer can a high voltage side electrically coupled to the first port and a low voltage side. The power converter stack can comprise a plurality of power converter modules each having a first converter bridge connected to the low voltage side of the step-down transformer and a second converter bridge connected to one or more of the plurality of second ports. Each of the power converter modules can have a converter transformer connected between the first and second converter bridges. The first and second converter bridges can bidirectionally manage AC and DC power flows between the first, second, and third ports.
1 . A multiport energy routing system comprising:
device ports configured to be electrically coupled to devices and configured to control power flow between the multiport energy routing system and the devices;
a step-down transformer having:
a high voltage side configured to be electrically coupled to an AC utility grid; and
a low voltage side;
a power converter stack comprising:
power converter modules; and
one or more multiplexers;
wherein each power converter module comprises:
a first converter bridge electrically coupled to the low voltage side of the step-down transformer;
a second converter bridge electrically coupled to the device ports; and
a power converter transformer having:
a first side electrically coupled to the first converter bridge; and
a second side electrically coupled to the second converter bridge;
wherein at least one of:
at least one of the one or more multiplexers is configured to receive power from at least one of the second converter bridges and deliver power to one or more of the devices; or
the first and second converter bridges of at least one of the power converter modules are configured to bidirectionally manage AC and DC power flows between the device ports, simultaneously.
2 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 , wherein a first port of the device ports is a high voltage AC port.
3 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 2 , wherein:
one or more second ports of the device ports are configured to allow power to flow between the multiport energy routing system and one or more devices electrically coupled to the multiport energy routing system; and
a third port of the device ports is:
electrically coupled to the first converter bridge of one or more of the power converter modules; and
configured to allow electrical power to be transferred between:
an AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to the third port; and
another AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to another device port of the multiport energy system.
4 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 , wherein the power converter modules are configured for AC/DC conversion with galvanic isolation.
5 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 , wherein:
a first port of the device ports is configured to be electrically coupled to an AC utility grid;
one or more second ports of the device ports are configured to allow power to flow between the multiport energy routing system and one or more devices electrically coupled to the multiport energy routing system;
the second converter bridge of each power converter module is electrically coupled to one or more of the second ports;
a third port of the device ports is electrically coupled to one of one or more of the first converter bridges or one or more of the second converter bridges;
the third port is configured to allow electrical power to be transferred between an AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to the third port and another AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to another device port of the multiport energy system.
6 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 3 further comprising a fourth port of the device ports electrically coupled to the second bridge of one or more of the power converter modules;
wherein the fourth port is configured to allow electrical power to be transferred between an AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to the fourth port and another AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to another of the device ports of the multiport energy system.
7 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 6 , wherein the fourth port is a dynamic port.
8 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 6 , wherein a ground of the fourth port is electrically independent of a ground of the first port.
9 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 3 , wherein one or more of the second ports is a dynamic port configured to:
deliver AC or DC electrical power to; and/or
receive AC or DC electrical power from;
the devices.
10 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 3 , wherein at least one of:
one or more of the second ports are configured to allow electrical power to flow between the multiport energy routing system and a first device of the devices at a first maximum electrical power level and to allow electrical power to flow between the multiport energy routing system and a second device of the devices at a second maximum electrical power level greater than the first maximum electrical power level;
each power converter module is a soft-switching solid-state transformer converter;
one or more of the devices comprise an electric vehicle charging station;
one or more of the devices comprise a photovoltaic module;
one or more of the devices comprise a battery;
one or more of the devices comprise an electrolyzer; or
one or more of the devices comprise a datacenter.
11 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 3 , wherein each of the first port, the second ports, the third port, and the power converter stack are integrated in a housing.
12 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 3 further comprising a controller configured to select one or more of the devices electrically coupled to the second ports to which electrical energy from the multiport energy routing system will be delivered at a predetermined time and maximum power flow capacity.
13 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 , wherein:
the multiport energy routing system provides N+1 independent grounding schemes; and
N is the number of power converter modules in the power converter stack.
14 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 further comprising a static AC port configured to be electrically coupled to an AC utility grid;
wherein the high voltage side of the step-down transformer is electrically coupled to the static AC port.
15 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 , wherein each device port is a dynamic DC port; and
wherein each of the multiplexers is configured to be able to:
receive electrical DC power from the second converter bridges of the power converter modules and deliver DC power to one or more of the devices electrically coupled to the dynamic DC ports; and
receive electrical DC power from one or more of the devices electrically coupled to the dynamic DC ports and deliver DC power to the second converter bridges of the power converters modules.
16 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 3 , wherein;
the multiport energy routing system provides N+1 independent grounding schemes; and
N is the number of power converter modules in the power converter stack.
17 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 1 , wherein the power converter stack further comprises at least one switch and/or relay configured to route power between one or more of the second converter bridges and a predetermined set of the devices.
18 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 5 further comprising a fourth port electrically coupled to the second bridge of one or more of the power converter modules;
wherein the fourth port is at least one of:
configured to allow electrical power to be transferred between an AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to the fourth port and another AC/DC source/load electrically coupled to another of the ports of the multiport energy system; or
a dynamic port.
19 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 5 , wherein one or more of the second ports is a dynamic port configured to:
deliver AC or DC electrical power to; and/or
receive AC or DC electrical power from;
the devices.
20 . The multiport energy routing system of claim 5 , wherein:
the multiport energy routing system provides N+1 independent grounding schemes; and
N is the number of power converter modules in the power converter stack.