Method and system for monitoring and controlling fluid movement through a wellbore
A method for moving fluid through a pipe in a wellbore includes placing at least two different fluids in the pipe and in an annular space between the pipe and the wellbore. Fluid is pumped into the pipe at a rate to achieve a desired set of conditions. Using a predetermined volume distribution of the annular space, an axial position of each of the at least two fluids in the annular space during the pumping the displacement fluid is calculated.
1 . A method comprising:
pumping cement into a conduit disposed in a borehole of a formation to displace a spacer fluid in the conduit and for placement of the spacer fluid in an annulus in the borehole disposed between the conduit and the formation;
acquiring sensor-based measurements during the pumping;
using the sensor-based measurements, controlling the pumping for turbulent flow of the cement in the annulus in the borehole disposed between the conduit and the formation; and
responsive to a transition to a deceleration phase of the cement, using the sensor-based measurements, controlling the pumping for laminar flow of the cement in the annulus.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the controlling the pumping for laminar flow of the cement achieves laminar flow while maintaining a desired cement flow rate.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the deceleration phase corresponds to a weight of fluid including the cement in the annulus exceeding a weight of fluid including a drilling fluid in the conduit after displacement of the cement from the conduit.
4 . The method of claim 1 , comprising, responsive to the cement entering the annulus, reducing a pumping rate of the pumping.
5 . The method of claim 4 , comprising, responsive to the cement entering the annulus, displaying, via a display, a maximum safe flow rate of the cement in the annulus.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the maximum safe flow rate limits fracturing of exposed formation in the borehole.
7 . The method of claim 1 , comprising, prior to the cement entering the annulus, pumping the cement at a first pumping rate for placement of the spacer fluid in the annulus, wherein the controlling the pumping for turbulent flow of the cement in the annulus occurs responsive to the cement entering the annulus.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the controlling implements a second pumping rate that is less than the first pumping rate.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the controlling incrementally reduces the pumping rate from the first pumping rate to the second pumping rate.
10 . The method of claim 1 , comprising, using the sensor-based measurements, determining locations of a top of the cement, a drilling fluid, and the spacer fluid.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the determining occurs in real-time.
12 . The method of claim 10 , comprising determining a maximum flow rate of the cement based at least in part on the locations.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the controlling the pumping for turbulent flow and the controlling the pumping for laminar flow accounts for position of the conduit in the borehole.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the position of the conduit in the borehole at an axial position along the borehole creates an eccentric annulus.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein each of the controlling the pumping for turbulent flow and the controlling the pumping for laminar flow determines flow regime using an eccentric annulus model.
16 . The method of claim 1 , comprising performing each of the controlling the pumping for turbulent flow and the controlling the pumping for laminar flow using a programmable logic controller.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the programmable logic controller is operatively coupled to a display, wherein at least pumping rates are rendered to the display.