Extended release colloidal scale inhibitor
Nano-sized metal silica oxide carriers capable of delivering a well treatment additive for a sustained or extended period of time in the environment of use, methods of making the nanoparticles, and uses thereof are described herein. The nanoparticles include an additive loaded in a silica oxide/metal nanoparticle. The metal can be a Column 2 metal, a Column 14 metal, or transition metal.
1 . An aqueous solution comprising a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed throughout the aqueous solution, the nanoparticles comprising:
a hydrocarbon formation and/or well treatment additive chemically bound to the nanoparticles and releasable from the nanoparticles, silica, and at least one metal selected from a Column 2 metal, a Column 14 metal, a transition metal, or any combination thereof,
wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of less than 300 nm,
wherein the aqueous solution does not include a surfactant, and
wherein the nanoparticles do not precipitate out of the aqueous solution when subjected to a temperature of −20° C. to 200° C. and a pH of 5 to 9.
2 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the metal is calcium (Ca).
3 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the average particle size is 0.1 nm to 300 nm.
4 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon formation and/or well treatment additive is a scale inhibitor, a hydrate inhibitor, a clay stabilizer, a bactericide, a salt substitute, a relative permeability modifier, a sulfide scavenger, a corrosion inhibitor, a corrosion inhibitor intensifier, a pH control additive, a breaker, a fluid loss control additive, an asphaltene inhibitor, a paraffin inhibitor, a chelating agent, a foamer, a defoamer, an emulsifier, a demulsifier, an iron control agent, a solvent, a friction reducer, or any combination thereof.
5 . The aqueous solution of claim 4 , wherein the additive is a scale inhibitor, and wherein the scale inhibitor is an organic molecule having a carboxylic acid, a polycarboxylic acid, aspartic acid, maleic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, or a phosphate ester group or salts thereof.
6 . The aqueous solution of claim 4 , wherein the additive is a scale inhibitor, and wherein the scale inhibitor includes 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC).
7 . The aqueous solution of claim 5 , wherein the scale inhibitor is a polymer comprising a phosphonic acid functionality.
8 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon formation and/or well treatment additive is impregnated within the nanoparticles.
9 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the additive is diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) and the nanoparticles comprise SiO 2 —Ca.
10 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon formation and/or well treatment additive is chemically bound to the nanoparticles through an ionic bond, a covalent bond, or a hydrogen bond.
11 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the additive is capable of being released from the nanoparticles in a controlled manner for 500 days to 2000 days after application.
12 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein zinc is not present in the nanoparticles.
13 . The aqueous solution of claim 1 , wherein the average particle size is 50 nm to 200 nm.
14 . A well treatment composition comprising the aqueous solution of claim 1 .
15 . A method of treating a hydrocarbon formation or a wellbore comprising injecting the composition of claim 14 into a wellbore, the wellbore intersecting a subterranean formation.
16 . A method for producing the aqueous solution of claim 1 , the method comprising:
(a) adding a metal salt solution comprising a Column 2 metal salt, Column 14 metal salt, or a transition metal salt, or a mixture thereof to an aqueous silica solution having a pH of 2.5 to 3.3 to form a suspension comprising metal-SiO 2 nanoparticles where the metal is a Column 2 metal, Column 14 metal or a transition metal; and
(b) loading a hydrocarbon formation or well treatment additive into the nanoparticle.
17 . A method of delivering an additive to a subterranean formation comprising providing a composition comprising the aqueous solution of claim 1 to a subterranean formation.