Surface-integrated electroaerodynamic thrusters
Embodiments disclosed herein relate to electroaerodynamic (EAD) thrusters for use in thrust generation. An EAD thruster may include one or more ion sources, one or more ion collectors, and one or more airfoils. In some embodiments, the one or more of the one or more ion sources and/or ion collectors may be integrated into a surface of the one or more airfoils. The EAD thruster arrangement may also include multiple EAD stages in some embodiments.
1. An electroaerodynamic thruster comprising:
a first airfoil;
a first electrode integrated with the first airfoil; and
a second electrode spaced from the first airfoil, wherein the first electrode is configured to function as one of an ion source and an ion collector, and wherein the second electrode is configured to function as the other of the ion source and the ion collector, wherein the first electrode and second electrode are further configured to generate thrust by accelerating ions between the first electrode and second electrode, wherein the first airfoil is a lifting surface, and wherein the ion source is positioned within a wake of the first airfoil during operation.
2. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 1 , further comprising a second airfoil, wherein the second electrode is integrated with the second airfoil.
3. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 1 , wherein ion generation by the ion source is at least partially decoupled from ion acceleration by the ion collector.
4. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 1 , further comprising a third electrode disposed downstream from the first electrode and the second electrode.
5. An electroaerodynamic thruster comprising:
a plurality of serially arranged electroaerodynamic stages, wherein each stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages includes:
an ion source; and
an ion collector, wherein at least one of the ion source and the ion collector are integrated in one or more airfoils, and wherein the ion source and ion collector are configured to accelerate ions between the ion source and ion collector to create thrust, wherein the ion sources and the ion collectors of adjacent electroaerodynamic stages are integrated in separate airfoils.
6. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 5 , wherein an ion polarity of each stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages is opposite from an ion polarity of an adjacent stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages.
7. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 5 , wherein ion generation by the ion source of at least one electroaerodynamic stage is at least partially decoupled from ion acceleration by the ion collector of the at least one electroaerodynamic stage.
8. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 5 , wherein an ion source from a first electroaerodynamic stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages is integrated with a first airfoil and an ion collector from a second electroaerodynamic stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages is integrated with the first airfoil.
9. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 5 , wherein an airfoil of at least one electroaerodynamic stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages is a lifting surface.
10. The electroaerodynamic thruster of claim 5 , wherein the ion source is positioned within a boundary layer of an airfoil of at least one electroaerodynamic stage of the plurality of electroaerodynamic stages, and wherein a location of the boundary layer is variably dependent on at least one of an altitude and a velocity of a cruise condition.
11. A method of thrust generation using an electroaerodynamic thruster, the method comprising:
applying a first voltage differential between a first electrode integrated with a first airfoil and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode;
generating ions at one of the first electrode and the second electrode;
generating thrust with the first electrode and the second electrode by accelerating the ions in a downstream direction with the first voltage differential applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; and
generating lift with the first airfoil, wherein the second electrode is positioned to be within a wake of the first airfoil during operation.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second electrode is integrated with a second airfoil.
13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising generating lift with the second airfoil.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the ions are generated at the first electrode, and the ions are accelerated from the first electrode towards the second electrode in the downstream direction.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the ions includes generating the ions using dielectric barrier discharge.