Substrate processing method
A substrate processing method for gap-filling a recess between a first protrusion and a second protrusion of a pattern structure includes: changing a profile of a layer formed on the pattern structure, wherein the changing of the profile of the layer includes: in an upper area, increasing a width of the recess to suppress formation of a void in the upper area; and, in a lower area, reducing the width of the recess to contact the layer, thereby inducing formation of a void under the lower area, and thus allows a position of the void to be adjusted.
1 . A substrate processing method comprising:
providing a pattern structure having a first protrusion and a second protrusion, wherein upper surfaces of the first protrusion and the second protrusion each have a planar portion and an edge portion surrounding the planar portion;
forming a first layer having a first thickness on the pattern structure, wherein a first recess of a first width is formed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion by the formation of the first layer; and
after forming the first layer, using ion bombardment, changing a profile of the first layer, wherein the profile of the first layer is changed such that a width of the first recess in a first upper area adjacent to edge portions of the first protrusion and the second protrusion is greater than the first width, a width of the first recess in a first lower area below the first upper area is less than the first width, and a width of the first recess in an area below the first lower area is greater than the width of the first recess in a first lower area,
wherein the forming of the first layer comprises applying a first plasma formed between a showerhead and a susceptor and the changing of the profile of the first layer comprises applying a second plasma between the showerhead and the susceptor, and
wherein a plasma power is applied to the showerhead and/or the susceptor.
2 . The substrate processing method of claim 1 , wherein a cycle including the forming of the first layer and the changing of the profile of the first layer is repeated a plurality of times to achieve gap-filling of a space between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.
3 . The substrate processing method of claim 2 , wherein the cycle comprises:
forming a second layer on the first layer, wherein a second recess is formed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion by the formation of the second layer; and
changing a profile of the second layer, wherein during the changing of the profile of the second layer, a width of the second recess in a second upper area increases relative to a width of the second region in the second upper area after forming the second layer, and a width of the second recess in a second lower area below the second upper area decreases relative to a width of the second region in the second lower area after forming the second layer.
4 . The substrate processing method of claim 3 , wherein the second lower area is below the first lower area.
5 . The substrate processing method of claim 3 , wherein, due to a decrease in the width of the second recess in the second lower area, a first portion on a side surface of the first protrusion of the second layer and a second portion on a side surface of the second protrusion of the second layer come into contact with each other to form a void.
6 . The substrate processing method of claim 5 , wherein the void is included in the second lower area.
7 . The substrate processing method of claim 1 , wherein a matching network is connected to the showerhead and the susceptor.
8 . The substrate processing method of claim 7 , wherein an intensity of the second plasma is greater than an intensity of the first plasma.
9 . The substrate processing method of claim 7 , wherein a frequency of the second plasma is lower than a frequency of the first plasma.
10 . The substrate processing method of claim 7 , wherein a frequency of the first plasma is a first range of frequencies, and
a frequency of the second plasma includes the first range of frequencies and a second range of frequencies that is lower than the first range.
11 . The substrate processing method of claim 7 ,
wherein the matching network is configured to perform a first matching operation for the first range of frequencies and a second matching operation for the second range of frequencies.
12 . The substrate processing method of claim 7 , wherein the applying of the first plasma is performed for a first time period,
the applying of the second plasma is performed for a second time period, and
by adjusting a ratio between the first time period and the second time period, a position of a void remaining in the pattern structure is changed.
13 . The substrate processing method of claim 7 , wherein a first sub-cycle including the applying of the first plasma during the forming of the first layer is performed a plurality of times,
a second sub-cycle including the applying of the second plasma during the changing of the profile of the first layer is performed a plurality of times, and
by adjusting a ratio between the number of repetitions of the second sub-cycle and the number of repetitions of the first sub-cycle, a position of a void in the pattern structure changed.
14 . The substrate processing method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the first layer comprises supplying a source gas, supplying a reactant gas, and applying a first plasma, and
the changing of the profile of the first layer comprises supplying the reactant gas and applying a second plasma different from the first plasma.
15 . The substrate processing method of claim 14 , wherein the supplying of the source gas, the supplying of the reactant gas, and the applying of the first plasma are performed for a same time period.
16 . The substrate processing method of claim 15 , wherein the supplying of the source gas and the supplying of the reactant gas are pre-supplied before the same time period.
17 . The substrate processing method of claim 14 , wherein the forming of the first layer further comprises at least one of:
supplying a purge gas, between the supplying of the source gas and the supplying of the reactant gas; and
supplying a purge gas after the supplying of the reactant gas.
18 . The substrate processing method of claim 1 , comprising:
forming a second layer; and
forming a third layer,
wherein forming the first layer and forming the third layer comprise providing a source gas, a reactant gas, and a plasma during a period, and
wherein forming the second layer comprises sequentially supplying a source gas and a reactant gas.