Method of performing circuit opening and closing operation, computer program, control system and power system
A method of performing a circuit opening and closing operation in a power system including three phases, a three-phase transformer, and a circuit breaker system, the method including a) opening all three phases simultaneously such that a reference current of a reference phase is interrupted first at a first current zero crossing after the opening; and b) closing all three phases simultaneously at a phase to ground voltage of the phase lagging the reference phase by 120°, in a time range of ±90° from a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or in a time range of ±90° from a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
1 . A method of performing a circuit opening and closing operation in a power system including a first phase, a second phase lagging the first phase by 120°, a third phase lagging the first phase by 240°, a three-phase transformer including Y-connected primary windings with ungrounded neutral or delta connected primary windings, and a circuit breaker system connected to the transformer, the method comprising:
a) controlling the circuit breaker system to open the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously such that a reference current of a reference phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase is interrupted first at a first current zero crossing of the reference current after the opening; and
b) controlling the circuit breaker system to close the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously at a phase to ground voltage of the phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase which is lagging the reference phase by 120°, in a time range from 90° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or in a time range from 90° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
2 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the circuit breaker system comprises three mechanically connected movable contacts, each for opening and closing a unique phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase.
3 . The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the time range is from 90° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or the time range is from 90° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
4 . The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the time range is from 60° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or the time range is from 60° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
5 . The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the time range is from 60° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 30° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or the time range is from 60° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 30° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
6 . The method as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising selecting the reference phase in step a) such that the first phase, the second phase and the third phase are interrupted first equally or about equally often over 100, 500 or 1000 circuit opening operations.
7 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the time range is from 90° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or the time range is from 90° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
8 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the time range is from 60° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or the time range is from 60° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 60° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
9 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the time range is from 60° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 30° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or the time range is from 60° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 30° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
10 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising selecting the reference phase in step a) such that the first phase, the second phase and the third phase are interrupted first equally or about equally often over 100, 500 or 1000 circuit opening operations.
11 . A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed by processing circuitry of a control system, causes the control system to perform, or command performance of, a method of performing a circuit opening and closing operation in a power system having a first phase, a second phase lagging the first phase by 120°, a third phase lagging the first phase by 240°, a three-phase transformer including Y-connected primary windings with ungrounded neutral or delta connected primary windings, and a circuit breaker system connected to the transformer, the method including:
a) controlling the circuit breaker system to open the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously such that a reference current of a reference phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase is interrupted first at a first current zero crossing of the reference current after the opening; and
b) controlling the circuit breaker system to close the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously at a phase to ground voltage of the phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase which is lagging the reference phase by 120°, in a time range from 90° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or in a time range from 90° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
12 . A control system for controlling a circuit breaker system connected to a three-phase transformer and to a three-phase power source having a first phase, a second phase lagging the first phase by 120°, and a third phase lagging the first phase by 240°, the transformer including Y-connected primary windings with ungrounded neutral or delta connected primary windings, wherein the control system comprises:
processing circuitry, and
a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions which, when executed by the processing circuitry, causes the control system to perform, or command performance of, a method including the steps of
a) controlling the circuit breaker system to open the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously such that a reference current of a reference phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase is interrupted first at a first current zero crossing of the reference current after the opening; and
b) controlling the circuit breaker system to close the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously at a phase to ground voltage of the phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase which is lagging the reference phase by 120°, in a time range from 90° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or in a time range from 90° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
13 . A power system comprising:
a three-phase transformer including Y-connected primary windings with ungrounded neutral or delta connected primary windings;
a circuit breaker system connected to the transformer, the circuit breaker system having a first pole, a second pole and a third pole that are configured to connect to a three-phase power source having a first phase, a second phase lagging the first phase by 120°, and a third phase lagging the first phase by 240°;
an actuating device configured to actuate the first pole, the second pole and the third pole; and
a control system configured to:
a) control the actuating device to open the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously such that a reference current of a reference phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase is interrupted first at a first current zero crossing of the reference current after the opening; and
b) control the actuating device to close the first phase, the second phase and the third phase simultaneously or essentially simultaneously at a phase to ground voltage of the phase among the first phase, the second phase and the third phase which is lagging the reference phase by 120°, in a time range from 90° before a negative peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the negative peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a positive current zero crossing, or in a time range from 90° before a positive peak of said phase to ground voltage to 90° after the positive peak of said phase to ground voltage if the current zero crossing is a negative current zero crossing.
14 . The power system as claimed in claim 13 , further comprising three mechanically connected movable contacts, each forming part of a unique pole among the first pole, the second pole and the third pole, wherein the actuating device is configured to actuate the movable contacts.
15 . The power system as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the power system is an electric arc furnace circuit breaker system.