Wind turbine tower structure with stacked tower sections
The present disclosure is directed to embodiments of a tower structure with at least partially additively manufactured, stacked tower sections. Embodiments of the tower structure have a plurality of stacked tower sections, wherein at least one tower section of the plurality of stacked tower sections includes a wall element having one or more printed layers, and a base holding thereon the one or more printed layers. The present disclosure also is directed to a method of manufacturing a tower structure using a stacked tower sections and additive manufacturing. Embodiments of the method include forming a base of poured concrete or cast material, printing and depositing one or more printed layers to form a wall element, and stacking the plurality of tower sections to form the tower structure.
1 . A tower structure, comprising:
a plurality of stacked tower sections, wherein at least one tower section of the plurality of stacked tower sections comprises:
a wall element comprising one or more printed layers formed of concrete; and
a base supporting thereon the one or more printed layers, the base formed of poured concrete or cast material;
wherein at least one of the wall element or the base comprises a lift connection element for detachably engaging with a lifting device during stacking of the plurality of stacked tower sections,
wherein the base comprises a transition system connecting the at least one tower section with an adjacent stacked tower section of the plurality of stacked tower sections, the transition system comprising:
a top side comprising:
the surface of the base holding the one or more printed layers; and
a poured concrete or cast material tubular wall, the poured concrete or cast material tubular wall and the surface of the top side of the base defining a cavity, the cavity receiving at least one layer of the one or more printed layers; and
a bottom side comprising:
a surface; and
a poured concrete or cast material tubular wall defining a constraining ring, the constraining ring and the surface of the bottom side of the base defining a cavity, the cavity receiving at least a top layer of one or more printed layers of the adjacent stacked tower section, the surface of the bottom side for flattening at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers of the adjacent stacked tower section.
2 . The tower structure of claim 1 , wherein the base is a fixed base comprising a surface for printing and depositing thereon the one or more printed layers.
3 . The tower structure of claim 2 , wherein the fixed base comprises the lift connection element, and wherein the lift connection element is a lifting lug.
4 . The tower structure of claim 2 , wherein the fixed base comprises the lift connection element, and wherein the lift connection element is a plurality of reinforced wall faces defining a lifting pocket for a lifting yoke.
5 . The tower structure of claim 2 , wherein the fixed base further comprises an alignment element for aligning the plurality of stacked tower sections during stacking thereof.
6 . The tower structure of claim 5 , wherein the alignment element is a bottom surface of the fixed base, the bottom surface defining a cavity, the cavity receiving at least a top layer of one or more printed layers of an adjacent stacked tower section of the plurality of stacked tower sections.
7 . The tower structure of claim 1 , wherein the fixed base comprises the lift connection element, and wherein the transition system further comprises one or more reinforcement members extending into at least one of the cavity of the bottom side or the cavity of the top side of the transition system.
8 . The tower structure of claim 1 :
wherein the base comprises a top side comprising an alignment element, the top side of the base for holding the wall element comprising the one or more printed layers; and
wherein the wall element comprises an alignment element corresponding to the alignment element of the base, the alignment element of the wall element and the alignment element of the base aligning the wall element with the base.
9 . The tower structure of claim 8 :
wherein the alignment element of the wall element is at least a top layer of the one or more printed layers; and
wherein the alignment element of the base is a cavity, the cavity receiving at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers of the wall element.
10 . The tower structure of claim 9 , wherein at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers is a formed portion of the wall element, the cavity receiving the formed portion of the wall element.
11 . The tower structure of claim 9 :
wherein at least a bottom layer of the one or more printed layers defines a cavity, the cavity receiving at least a top layer of one or more printed layers of an adjacent stacked tower section of the plurality of stacked tower sections.
12 . The tower structure of claim 11 , wherein the cavity of the one or more printed layers of the wall element is a slide resistance element for the plurality of stacked tower sections.
13 . The tower structure of claim 11 , wherein the tower structure further comprises a cap section topping the plurality of stacked tower sections.
14 . The tower structure of claim 9 :
wherein the lift connection element is a fixed lift connection element for the at least one tower section; and
wherein the fixed lift connection element is integral with at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers.
15 . A tower structure, comprising:
a plurality of stacked tower sections, wherein at least one tower section of the plurality of stacked tower sections comprises:
a wall element comprising one or more printed layers formed of concrete; and
a base supporting thereon the one or more printed layers;
a fixed lift connection element for detachably engaging with a lifting device during stacking of the plurality of stacked tower sections, the fixed lift connection element integral to at least the wall element, the fixed lift connection element comprising a surface holding thereon the one or more printed layers of the wall element,
wherein the base comprises a top side comprising a first alignment element and the wall element comprises a second alignment element, the first alignment element of the base aligning with the second alignment element of the wall element,
wherein the second alignment element of the wall element is at least a top layer of the one or more printed layers,
wherein the first alignment element of the base comprises a cavity receiving at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers of the wall element, and
wherein at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers is a formed portion of the wall element, the cavity receiving the formed portion of the wall element.
16 . The tower structure of claim 15 , wherein the fixed lift connection element is a steel lifting plate integral to at least the wall element.
17 . The tower structure of claim 16 , wherein the steel lifting plate is integral to at least a bottom layer the one or more printed layers of the wall element.
18 . A method of assembling a tower structure, the method comprising:
forming a mold of poured concrete or cast material;
forming a base of poured concrete or cast material, the base defining a top side having a first alignment element;
forming a plurality of tower sections using the mold; and
stacking the plurality of tower sections on top of the base to form the tower structure;
wherein forming the plurality of tower sections comprises:
printing and depositing one or more printed layers on a top side of the mold to form a wall element, the top side of the mold comprising an alignment mold such that the wall element printed and deposited thereon comprises a second an alignment element, the first alignment element of the base aligning with the second alignment element of the wall element, wherein the second alignment element of the wall element is at least a top layer of the one or more printed layers, wherein the first alignment element of the base comprises a cavity, and wherein at least the top layer of the one or more printed layers is a formed portion of the wall element; and
installing a lift connection element on the wall element;
wherein stacking the plurality of tower sections to form the tower structure comprises:
lifting, via the lift connection element, each of the plurality of tower sections;
aligning the first alignment element of the base with the second alignment element of the wall element; and
stacking the at least one tower section on the adjacent tower section by placing the formed portion of the wall element within the cavity of the first alignment element of the base.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein stacking the plurality of tower sections to form the tower structure further comprises capping the stacked plurality of tower sections using a cap section.