Tool and method for producing a projectile and projectile
A projectile may be formed having a caliber in the range from 4.6 mm to 20 mm for ammunition. The projectile may be a deformation bullet, a partial fragmentation bullet, a partial or full jacket bullet, a hard-core bullet or tracer bullet. The projectile may be formed by cold forming, in particular extrusion, from an intermediate with a tube section of substantially constant wall thickness, which constitutes at least 50% of the longitudinal extension of the intermediate.
1 . A cold-formed projectile for ammunition, comprising:
a central cavity; and
a bullet jacket surrounding the central cavity, the bullet jacket including an ogive-shaped bullet front and an adjoining bullet rear with a solid rear portion leading to a bullet bottom,
wherein the cold-formed projectile is cold formed from an intermediate with a tube section of constant wall thickness, which constitutes at least 50% of a longitudinal extension of the intermediate, an outer diameter of the intermediate corresponding to a caliber of the projectile,
wherein an inner tube diameter is at most 50% of an outer tube diameter of the tube section, and
wherein an inner cross-section of the tube section is point-symmetrical, deviates from a circular shape, and is constant in a direction of the longitudinal extension.
2 . The projectile according to claim 1 , wherein:
an averaged hardness at the bullet bottom corresponds to at least 103% of that averaged hardness if the projectile were made from a solid intermediate, and/or
an averaged hardness in a region of a jacket region of the bullet rear surrounding the cavity corresponds to at most 90% of that averaged hardness if the projectile were made from a solid intermediate.
3 . The projectile according to claim 2 , wherein the hardness values are near-surface values.
4 . The projectile according to claim 2 , wherein the jacket region of the bullet rear surrounding the cavity comprises a guide band configured to engage in a land-groove-profile of a firearm barrel, the guide band defining a maximum outer diameter of the projectile, wherein an averaged hardness of the guide band over its entire radial depth is softer than that averaged hardness if the projectile were made of a solid intermediate.
5 . The projectile according to claim 2 , wherein the bullet rear in an axial projection of the cavity has a solidified core region, extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile up to the bullet bottom, with a higher average hardness than bullet rear regions adjacent to the core region, whose average hardness corresponds to at least 140% of that average hardness if the projectile were made from a solid intermediate.
6 . The projectile according to claim 1 , wherein the projectile is a deformation bullet, a partial fragmentation bullet, a partial or full jacket bullet, a hard-core bullet, or tracer bullet.
7 . The projectile according to claim 1 , wherein the projectile has a caliber in a range from 4.6 mm to 20 mm.
8 . The projectile according to claim 1 , wherein the bullet jacket comprises a single-piece construction.
9 . The projectile according to claim 1 , wherein the inner tube diameter is constant and at least one-third of the outer tube diameter.
10 . The projectile according to claim 1 , wherein the inner cross-section of the tube section is triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, or star-shaped.
11 . A method of producing a projectile, comprising:
inserting, into a die, an intermediate including a tube section of constant wall thickness, the tube section constituting at least 50% of a longitudinal extension of the intermediate, an outer diameter of the intermediate corresponding to a caliber of the projectile, and an inner tube diameter being at most 50% of an outer tube diameter of the tube section, wherein an inner cross-section of the tube section is point-symmetrical, deviates from a circular shape, and is constant in a direction of the longitudinal extension; and
cold forming the intermediate using a tool such that, at least sectionally, an outer diameter of the intermediate remains constant and determines the projectile caliber, wherein the produced projectile comprises a central cavity and a bullet jacket surrounding the central cavity, the bullet jacket including an ogive-shaped bullet front and an adjoining bullet rear with a solid rear portion leading to a bullet bottom.
12 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the cold forming comprises extrusion.
13 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the intermediate is a tubular metallic intermediate of copper, aluminum, iron, soft iron, silver, titanium, tungsten, tin, zinc, magnesium, lead, cadmium or alloys thereof.
14 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the tool comprises:
a holding section; and
a tapering forming section including:
a tip,
an elongated guide part adjoining the tip and configured to guide the tool within the cavity of the tube section, wherein the guide part is at least sectionally curved and concave-shaped or conically-shaped, and
a press part adjoining the elongated guide part in a projection-free manner, the press part being at least sectionally curved and concave-shaped or conically-shaped, wherein the press part has a different inclination to a longitudinal axis of the tool.
15 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the produced projectile has a caliber in a range from 4.6 mm to 20 mm.