Software-defined hybrid powertrain and vehicle
A dual-motor mixed-hybrid powertrain system, by performing pulse modulation control, i.e., series-hybrid intelligent start-stop control or parallel-hybrid intelligent power switching control, on the instantaneous power time-varying functions of an engine and a battery pack, can convert the surface working condition of an analog electric control engine into a simpler line working condition of a digital pulse control (DPC) engine, either a pre-determined high-state line working condition in the high-efficiency combustion area or a pre-determined non-combustion low-state line working condition with zero fuel consumption and zero pollutant emissions multiplexed in time. The traditional fixed one-to-one bidirectional mapping between an engine working condition and a vehicle working condition is converted into a dynamically adjustable many-to-many bidirectional mapping to achieve the full coverage of any overall vehicle working condition, achieving decoupling between a DPC engine working condition and the overall vehicle working condition and decoupling between software and hardware of a hybrid powertrain.
1 . A hybrid heavy truck, comprising:
a drive motor mechanically connected to a driving shaft of the hybrid heavy truck;
a generator set and at least one power battery pack, each of which can independently provide power to the drive motor, wherein the generator set comprises an engine and a generator which are mechanically connected with each other in bidirectional; and
a vehicle controller configured to: control the engine, so that the engine only can work in a specified combustion state or another specified non-combustion state, and can be switched between the combustion state and the non-combustion state, so as to adjust the power provided by the engine by a first modulation mode, wherein,
in the combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified first positive value range, and a torque in a specified second positive value range; and
in the non-combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified second positive value range, and a torque in a specified negative value range, the absolute value of the torque in the negative value range being lower than the value of the torque in the positive value range, and
the vehicle controller is further configured to: adjust the power provided by the power battery pack by a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being determined based on the required road-load power and the first modulation mode.
2 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 1 , further comprising:
a controllable clutch disposed between the generator set and the drive motor, and operable to:
establish a direct mechanical connection between the generator set and the drive motor, when the clutch is closed; and
cause the generator set and the drive motor lose the direct mechanical connection, when the clutch is open.
3 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 1 , wherein adjusting the power provided by the engine by the first modulation mode comprises:
in each control period, determining a duty ratio between the time during which the engine is working in the combustion state and the control period.
4 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 3 , wherein adjusting the power provided by the engine by the first modulation mode further comprises:
in each control period, further adjusting the determined duty ratio in accordance with the state of charge of the battery pack required at a certain time point in the future, to obtain an updated duty ratio.
5 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 3 , wherein adjusting the power provided by the engine by the first modulation mode further comprises:
in each control period, controlling the power amplitude of the engine working in the combustion state and/or the power amplitude of the engine working in the non-combustion state.
6 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 5 , wherein controlling the power amplitude of the engine working in the combustion state comprises:
when the clutch is closed, the power amplitude provided by the engine is selected from: the power amplitude corresponding to a working point on a predefined specific fuel consumption curve in an area jointly defined by the first positive value range of the rotating speed and the positive value range of the torque, and
when the clutch is open, the first positive value range of the rotating speed is set as a fixed value, and the power amplitude provided by the engine is selected from: the amplitude of power corresponding to a working point on a straight-line segment in a region defined by the fixed value of the rotating speed and the positive value range of the torque.
7 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 1 , further comprising:
an electric power divider including a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein,
the first port is bidirectionally AC connected with the generator set;
the second port is bidirectionally and electrically connected to the input end of the drive motor; and
the third port is in bidirectionally DC connected with the at least one power battery pack, and
the electric power divider is controlled by the vehicle controller to adjust the flow path, amplitude, and direction of electric power among the generator set, the battery pack, and the drive motor.
8 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle controller is further configured to:
determine an average value of the road-load power in a plurality of control periods and an average value of the power provided by the internal combustion engine; and
determine, based on the difference between the determined average value of the road-load power and the average value of the power provided by the internal combustion engine, the working mode of the power battery pack in the plurality of control periods, so that the battery pack can enter one of the following three modes:
when the difference between the average value of the road-load power and the average value of the power provided by the internal combustion engine is substantially zero, entering a charge sustaining (CS) mode, in which the state of charge is maintained between a predefined first upper limit and a first lower limit;
when the difference between the average value of the road-load power and the average value of the power supplied by the internal combustion engine is substantially greater than zero, entering a charge depletion (CD) mode, in which the average value of the state of charge monotonically decreases between a predefined second upper limit and a second lower limit; and
when the difference between the average value of the road-load power and the average value of the power provided by the internal combustion engine is substantially less than zero, entering a charge increasing (CI) mode, in which the average value of the state of charge monotonically increases between a predefined second upper limit and a second lower limit, wherein the second upper limit is higher than the first upper limit, and the second lower limit is lower than the first lower limit.
9 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 1 , further comprising:
a power control unit,
a catalytic electric heater, and
an after-treatment system, wherein the after-treatment system is arranged downstream of the catalytic electric heater along an exhaust emission flow direction,
wherein the power control unit controls the catalytic electric heater to heat up the after-treatment system when the internal combustion engine works in the non-combustion state or transitions from the non-combustion state to the combustion state.
10 . The hybrid heavy truck of claim 9 , wherein the vehicle controller is further configured to:
when the internal combustion engine is in the non-combustion state, cause the air in-take value and exhaust valve of all cylinders of the internal combustion engine to enter a closed state, so as to reduce the negative impact of the exhaust air on the temperature of the downstream catalytic system.
11 . A hybrid heavy truck, comprising:
a drive motor mechanically connected to the driving shaft of the hybrid heavy truck;
an engine and at least one power battery pack, each of which can independently provide power to the drive motor; and
a vehicle controller configured to: control the engine, so that the engine only can work in a specified combustion state or another specified non-combustion state, and can be switched between the combustion state and the non-combustion state, so as to adjust the power provided by the engine by a first modulation mode, wherein,
in the combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified first positive value range, and a torque in a specified positive value range; and
in the non-combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified second positive value range and a torque in a specified negative value range, the absolute value of the torque in the negative value range being lower than the value of the torque in the positive value range, and,
the vehicle controller is further configured to: adjust the power provided by the power battery pack by the second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being determined based on the required road-load power and the first modulation mode.
12 . A method for retrofitting a traditional heavy truck, comprising:
providing an existing traditional heavy truck, the existing traditional heavy truck comprising an engine;
providing a drive motor, the drive motor being mechanically connected to the driving shaft of the traditional heavy truck;
providing a generator, the generator being bidirectionally and mechanically connected to the engine;
providing at least one power battery pack, the generator and the power battery pack being configured to independently provide power to the drive motor; and
providing a vehicle controller, the vehicle controller being configured to: control the engine, so that the engine only can work in a specified combustion state or another specified non-combustion state, and can be switched between the combustion state and the non-combustion state, so as to adjust the power provided by the engine by a first modulation mode, wherein,
in the combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified first positive value range, and a torque in a specified positive value range; and
in the non-combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified second positive value range and a torque in a specified negative value range, the absolute value of the torque in the negative value range being lower than the value of the torque in the positive value range, and
the vehicle controller is further configured to: adjust the power provided by the power battery pack by the second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being determined based on the required road-load power and the first modulation mode.
13 . A device for controlling a vehicle, comprising:
a processing unit; and
a memory coupled to the processing unit and containing computer program code, wherein when the computer program code is executed by the processing unit, the computer program code causes the device to perform the actions of:
controlling an engine of the vehicle, so that the engine only can work in a specified combustion state or another specified non-combustion state, and can be switched between the combustion state and the non-combustion state, so as to adjust the power provided by the engine by a first modulation mode, wherein,
in the combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified first positive value range, and a torque in a specified positive value range; and
in the non-combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified second positive value range and a torque in a specified negative value range, the absolute value of the torque in the negative value range being lower than the value of the torque in the positive value range, and
the device is further configured to: adjust power provided by a power battery pack of the vehicle by a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being determined based on the required road-load power and the first modulation mode.
14 . A method for controlling a vehicle, comprising:
controlling an engine of the vehicle, so that the engine only can work in a specified combustion state or another specified non-combustion state, and can be switched between the combustion state and the non-combustion state, so as to adjust the power provided by the engine by a first modulation mode, wherein,
in the combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified first positive value range, and a torque in a specified positive value range; and
in the non-combustion state, the engine has a rotating speed in a specified second positive value range and a torque in a specified negative value range, the absolute value of the torque in the negative value range being lower than the value of the torque in the positive value range, and
adjusting the power provided by a power battery pack of the vehicle by a second modulation mode, the second modulation mode being determined based on the required road-load power and the first modulation mode.
15 . A computer program product stored on a non-volatile computer readable medium and comprising machine executable instructions, wherein the machine executable instructions, when executed, cause the machine to perform the steps of the method of claim 14 .