Z-channeling into a preform via needle perforation in a stand-alone tool
A method of forming z-channels in a fibrous ceramic preform includes mounting the preform in a tooling assembly, the tooling assembly comprising a first fixture and a second fixture, heating the preform mounted in the tooling assembly to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of a polymer binder within the preform to induce a softened state of the polymer binder, inserting a plurality of needles sequentially through respective first holes in the first fixture, the preform, and respective corresponding second holes in the second fixture, and removing the plurality of needles leaving behind a corresponding plurality of z-channels in the preform.
1 . A method of forming z-channels in a fibrous ceramic preform, the method comprising:
mounting the preform in a tooling assembly, the tooling assembly comprising:
a first fixture formed from plastic; and
a second fixture formed from graphite;
heating the preform mounted in the tooling assembly to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of a polymer binder within the preform to induce a softened state of the polymer binder;
inserting a plurality of needles sequentially through respective first holes in the first fixture, the preform, and respective corresponding second holes in the second fixture; and
removing the plurality of needles leaving behind a corresponding plurality of z-channels in the preform.
2 . The method of claim 1 and further comprising: removing at least the first fixture from the preform.
3 . The method of claim 2 and further comprising: removing the first fixture and the second fixture from preform.
4 . A method of forming a ceramic matrix composite component, the method comprising:
densifying the preform of claim 2 with a ceramic matrix.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the ceramic matrix comprises silicon carbide.
6 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the preform comprises fibers formed from silicon carbide.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer binder is polyvinyl butyral.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the step of heating the preform comprises heating the preform to a temperature ranging from 250° F. to 350° F.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of inserting the plurality of needles is performed while the polymer binder is in the softened state.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of removing the plurality of needles is performed when the polymer binder is in the softened state.
11 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of removing the plurality of needles is performed when a temperature of the polymer binder is below the glass transition temperature.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of inserting the plurality of needles comprises sequentially inserting each of the plurality of needles.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of removing the plurality of needles comprises sequentially or simultaneously removing each of the plurality of needles.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of inserting the plurality of needles comprises manually or robotically inserting each of the plurality of needles.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first holes in the first fixture has a first diameter, and wherein each of the second holes in the second fixture has a second diameter.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein at least one of the first diameter and the second diameter ranges from 0.075 in to 0.125 in.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first holes in the first fixture is spaced apart from an adjacent hole in the first fixture a distance ranging from 0.050 in to 0.250 in.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the second holes in the second fixture is spaced apart from an adjacent hole in the second fixture a distance ranging from 0.050 in to 0.250 in.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the second fixture is a mandrel and wherein the preform is laid up over the mandrel.