Granted Patent B2

US 12,553,921 · App. 18/249,665 · Granted Feb 17, 2026

Inventors: Mark Gravermann (Erkelenz, DE); Gunther A. J. Stollwerck (Krefeld, DE); Christine B. Bund (Wuppertal, DE); Rainer Reeken (Dormagen, DE); Martin A. Milek (Oberhausen, DE); Mirco Gunjaca (Nottuln, DE)

Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company

G01R15/06G01R15/16H01B3/40H01B17/56

Abstract

Claims (44)

1 . A sensored insulation plug for being inserted into a rear cavity of a medium-voltage or high-voltage separable connector in a power distribution network of a national grid, and operable to insulate a connection element of the separable connector on an elevated voltage and to sense the elevated voltage, the sensored insulation plug comprising

a) a plug body formed by a solidified insulating material, and

b) a primary capacitor, operable as a high-voltage capacitor in a voltage divider for sensing the elevated voltage, the primary capacitor having

i) a high-voltage electrode for direct electrical connection to the elevated voltage;

ii) a sensing electrode of a tubular shape, embedded in the plug body, arranged around the high-voltage electrode, and comprising a mesh of conductive wires forming a plurality of apertures between the wires to allow portions of the insulating material on opposite sides of the mesh to be mechanically connected with each other by insulating material in the apertures while the insulating material solidifies and thereafter;

iii) a dielectric formed by a portion of the insulating material arranged between the sensing electrode and the high-voltage electrode,

wherein the mesh is a deformable mesh, adapted to be deformed by insulating material in liquid state flowing around the mesh before solidification of the insulating material.

2 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein at least one aperture of the plurality of the apertures is filled with insulating material mechanically connecting portions of the insulating material on opposite sides of the mesh with each other.

3 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the mesh of conductive wires forms one thousand or more apertures.

4 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the wires comprise copper, silver, gold, or stainless steel.

5 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the wires have a diameter of between 0.05 mm and 1 mm.

6 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the mesh is a woven mesh or a knotted mesh or a looped mesh.

7 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the apertures have respective sizes of between 0.05 mm and 2 mm, as measured in the shortest extension of each aperture.

8 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the mesh is a plastically deformable mesh.

9 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the mesh is an elastically deformable mesh.

10 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the mesh has a generally cylindrical shape defining an axial direction and radial directions orthogonal thereto, and wherein the mesh is adapted to be deformed in radial directions.

11 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating material comprises an epoxy resin and, optionally, a filler, such as SiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 or another electrically insulating inorganic material.

12 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , further comprising a shield electrode of generally tubular shape, embedded in the plug body, arranged around, and enveloping, the sensing electrode.

13 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 12 , further comprising an electrically insulating spacer layer arranged radially between the shield electrode and the sensing electrode, wherein optionally the spacer layer comprises a layer of nonwoven material or a polymeric layer.

14 . The sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , further comprising a circuit board, embedded in the plug body and supporting the sensing electrode.

15 . A power distribution network for distributing electrical power at medium or high voltages, the network comprising:

a) a separable connector having a rear cavity and a connection element on elevated voltage when in use and accessible through the rear cavity; and

b) a sensored insulation plug according to claim 1 , inserted into the rear cavity to insulate the connection element and to sense the elevated voltage of the connection element, wherein the high-voltage electrode is directly electrically connected with the connection element.

16 . A process of making a sensored insulation plug for being inserted into a rear cavity of a medium-voltage or high-voltage separable connector in a power distribution network of a national grid, and operable to insulate a connection element of the separable connector on elevated voltage and to sense the elevated voltage, the process comprising the steps, in this sequence, of:

a) providing a high-voltage electrode of a primary capacitor for direct electrical connection to the elevated voltage, and a sensing electrode of the primary capacitor, having a tubular shape and comprising a mesh of conductive wires forming a plurality of apertures between the wires to allow portions of an insulating material on opposite sides of the mesh to be mechanically connected with each other by insulating material in the apertures while the insulating material solidifies and thereafter, wherein the mesh is a deformable mesh, adapted to be deformed by insulating material in liquid state flowing around the mesh before solidification of the insulating material;

b) arranging the sensing electrode around the high-voltage electrode;

c) molding or casting a liquid insulating material around the high-voltage electrode and the sensing electrode for forming a plug body of the sensored insulation plug, such that the sensing electrode is embedded in the insulating material and such that a portion of the insulating material forms a dielectric between the sensing electrode and the high-voltage electrode; and

d) solidifying the insulating material.

17 . A sensored insulation plug for being inserted into a rear cavity of a medium-voltage or high-voltage separable connector in a power distribution network of a national grid, and operable to insulate a connection element of the separable connector on an elevated voltage and to sense the elevated voltage, the sensored insulation plug comprising

a) a plug body formed by a solidified insulating material, and

b) a primary capacitor, operable as a high-voltage capacitor in a voltage divider for sensing the elevated voltage, the primary capacitor having

i) a high-voltage electrode for direct electrical connection to the elevated voltage;

ii) a sensing electrode of a tubular shape, embedded in the plug body, arranged around the high-voltage electrode, and comprising a mesh of conductive wires forming a plurality of apertures between the wires to allow portions of the insulating material on opposite sides of the mesh to be mechanically connected with each other by insulating material in the apertures while the insulating material solidifies and thereafter;

iii) a dielectric formed by a portion of the insulating material arranged between the sensing electrode and the high-voltage electrode,

wherein the mesh is a deformable mesh, adapted to be deformed by insulating material in liquid state flowing around the mesh before solidification of the insulating material, wherein the mesh has a generally cylindrical shape defining an axial direction and radial directions orthogonal thereto, and wherein the mesh is adapted to be deformed in radial directions.

18 . A sensored insulation plug for being inserted into a rear cavity of a medium-voltage or high-voltage separable connector in a power distribution network of a national grid, and operable to insulate a connection element of the separable connector on an elevated voltage and to sense the elevated voltage, the sensored insulation plug comprising

a) a plug body formed by a solidified insulating material, and

b) a primary capacitor, operable as a high-voltage capacitor in a voltage divider for sensing the elevated voltage, the primary capacitor having

i) a high-voltage electrode for direct electrical connection to the elevated voltage;

ii) a sensing electrode of a tubular shape, embedded in the plug body, arranged around the high-voltage electrode, and comprising a mesh of conductive wires forming a plurality of apertures between the wires to allow portions of the insulating material on opposite sides of the mesh to be mechanically connected with each other by insulating material in the apertures while the insulating material solidifies and thereafter;

iii) a dielectric formed by a portion of the insulating material arranged between the sensing electrode and the high-voltage electrode, wherein the mesh is a deformable mesh, adapted to be deformed by insulating material in liquid state flowing around the mesh before solidification of the insulating material;

a shield electrode of generally tubular shape, embedded in the plug body, arranged around, and enveloping, the sensing electrode; and

an electrically insulating spacer layer arranged radially between the shield electrode and the sensing electrode.

19 . The sensored insulation plug of claim 18 , wherein the spacer layer comprises a layer of nonwoven material or a polymeric layer.

Assignments (1)

Priority Claims (1)

Continuity (1)

References Cited (24)