Method to produce cast iron brake discs with high corrosion and wear resistance
Method for producing a mechanically and preferably machined cast iron or grey cast iron surface, in particular on a brake disc, with increased wear and corrosion resistance, characterized in that said surface is subjected to a water jet treatment—usually according to the so-called fluid jet process, which is adjusted so that it completely or at least partially clears the cavities opened by the machining, which contain a graphite inclusion surrounded by the basic structure, so that in the latter case the level of the graphite inclusion lies below the outer surface of the basic structure surrounding the cavity, whereupon a diffusion layer is applied by nitrocarburizing and an oxide layer is applied on the diffusion layer.
1 . A method for producing a mechanically and machined cast iron or grey cast iron surface on a brake disc, resulting in increased wear and corrosion resistance, comprising:
subjecting a surface of a cast iron or grey cast iron substrate to a pulsed water jet treatment, wherein a pulsed water jet is adjusted so that the water jet completely or at least partially clears at least an upper fourth of cavities opened by the machining, which cavities contain a graphite inclusion surrounded by a basic structure, so that when the pulsed water jet at least partially clears at least the upper fourth of cavities, a level of the graphite inclusion lies below an outer surface of the basic structure surrounding the cavity and as a result the basic structure surrounding the cavities is not eroded,
applying a diffusion layer by nitrocarburizing; and
applying an oxide layer on the diffusion layer.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diffusion layer produced by nitrocarburization is subjected to a plasma treatment before the oxide layer is produced.
3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the plasma treatment is in the form of plasma activation.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the process of carbonitriding is controlled at least in part by at least one of the parameters selected from the group consisting of: heating time, holding time, a temperature during the carbonitriding phase, subsequent cooling time and a temperature reached after the cooling time has elapsed, and subsequent oxidation time and a temperature held or driven during this time.
5 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the process of oxidation is also controlled at least in part by at least one of the parameters selected from the group consisting of: heating time, holding time, the temperature during the carbonitriding phase, the subsequent cooling time and the temperature reached after the cooling time has elapsed, and subsequent oxidation time and the temperature held or driven during this time.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , comprising carrying out a plasma cleaning of said cast surface before nitrocarburizing.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the water jet treatment is assisted by ultrasound.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the water jet is directed/blasted along a non-rectangular angle to the surface to be treated.
9 . A method of using a pulsed water jet process, comprising:
using a pulsed water jet treatment to fully or partially clear at least an upper fourth of a brake disc's cavities opened by machining, which cavities contain a graphite inclusion surrounded by a basic structure, so that when the water jet treatment at least partially clears at least the upper fourth of the cavities, a level of the graphite inclusion lies below an outer surface of the basic structure surrounding the cavity so that the basic structure surrounding the cavities is not eroded, in order to prepare the brake disc for nitrocarburization.
10 . The method according to claim 9 , comprising using the pulsed water jet treatment to prepare the brake disc for nitrocarburization and subsequent oxidation.
11 . A brake disc made from grey cast iron having at least at its friction surfaces cavities opened by prior machining and originally filled with graphite, wherein at least an upper fourth of the cavities is fully or partially cleared from the graphite that was in it in a manner that does not cause deposit of a solid blasting material or ash within the cavities and the brake disc is nitrocarburized, and wherein a base structure surrounding the cavities has a roughness Ra<5 μm and Rz<12 μm and is not eroded.
12 . The brake disc according to claim 11 , wherein the brake disc is also oxidized.