Hydrodynamic power generator and system
This disclosure is directed to hydrodynamic electric generators, including their structural design, methods of deployment, anchoring systems, drive systems and control systems. The system can be scaled from ones that can be hand carried to large, stationary devices that can generate up to and greater than 20 kw in a current of 3 knots. In a stationary system, the device can be anchored to an underwater floor by an anchoring device supported by four adjustable legs. These legs can eliminate the need for extensive mooring lines, providing the device with a small footprint that is non-hazardous to marine animals or vegetation. Individual components, such as rotors, generators and other mechanical components can be modularly installed for easy removal and servicing without having to disturb the entire system.
1 . A hydrokinetic system, comprising:
a duct;
a first rotor and a second rotor retained in the duct, each of the first and second rotors comprising a plurality of blades and a hub connecting the blades of each rotor to opposite ends of a common shaft;
a first strut coupled to the common shaft and defining a channel for housing a first belt or drive shaft, the first belt or drive shaft in mechanical communication with a first rotor shaft of the first rotor;
a second strut coupled to the common shaft and defining a channel for housing a second belt or drive shaft, the second belt or drive shaft in mechanical communication with a second rotor shaft of the second rotor;
a first generator configured to generate electrical power based on a rotation of the first rotor shaft; and
a second generator configured to generate electrical power based on a rotation of the second rotor shaft.
2 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the first rotor and the second rotor are configured to rotate in opposite directions.
3 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the first rotor and the second rotor each comprises three blades.
4 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , further comprising a governor coupled to the first or second rotor, the governor being configured to adjust an angle of one or more of the blades of the first or second rotor.
5 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 4 , wherein the governor is further configured to determine a revolutions-per-minute (RPM) angular speed of the first and/or second rotor and to adjust the angle of one or more of the blades of the first and/or second rotor based on the RPM angular speed of the first and/or second rotor.
6 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second struts are shaped to increase hydrodynamic flow through the duct.
7 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the duct is mechanically secured to a floor within a body of water.
8 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of blades of the first and/or second rotor include a composite material.
9 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the duct comprises an annular compartment defined by interior and exterior surfaces of the duct, and the first and second generators are disposed within the annular compartment.
10 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 9 , wherein the first and second generators are enclosed within first and second pallets that are removable from the duct.
11 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , further comprising a sealed cavity affixed to an exterior surface of the duct, wherein the first and second generators are disposed within the sealed cavity.
12 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more sensors coupled to the duct and configured to monitor flow speed and direction of water through the duct.
13 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more sensors configured to monitor an angle of each of the plurality of blades.
14 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein the hub has a diameter that is less than 10% of a diameter of said corresponding rotor.
15 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 1 , wherein one or more blades of the first and/or second rotor are configured to be self-feathering in response to a change in a direction of fluid flow across the one or more blades.
16 . A hydrokinetic system, comprising:
a duct having a first opening with a first diameter, a second opening opposite from the first opening with the first diameter, and a central passageway connected between the first opening and the second opening and having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter;
a first rotor and a second rotor retained in the central passageway of the duct, each of the first and second rotors comprising a plurality of blades and a hub connecting the blades of each rotor to opposite ends of a common shaft;
a strut coupled to the common shaft and defining a channel for housing a belt or drive shaft, the belt or drive shaft in mechanical communication with a rotor shaft of the first rotor or the second rotor; and
a generator configured to generate electrical power based on a rotation of the rotor shaft.
17 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 16 , further comprising an annular compartment defined by interior and exterior surfaces of the duct, wherein the generator is disposed within the annular compartment.
18 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 17 , further comprising a differential in mechanical communication with the first and second rotors, the differential constructed and arranged to receive different rotational velocity inputs from the first and second rotors and to drive an output shaft with a single rotational velocity.
19 . The hydrokinetic system of claim 18 , wherein the generator is coupled to the output shaft and is configured to generate electrical power based on a rotation of the output shaft.