Optical fiber with inverse triangular trench design
A single mode optical fiber is provided that includes a core region having an outer radius r 1 and a maximum relative refractive index Δ 1max . The single mode optical fiber further includes a cladding region surrounding the core region, the cladding region includes a depressed-index cladding region, a relative refractive index Δ 3 of the depressed-index cladding region increasing with increased radial position. The single mode optical fiber has a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 15 mm diameter mandrel of less than about 0.75 dB/turn, a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm diameter mandrel of less than about 0.2 dB/turn, and a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 30 mm diameter mandrel of less than 0.005 dB/turn. Additionally, the single mode optical fiber has a mode field diameter of 9.0 microns or greater at 1310 nm wavelength.
1 . A method of making a single mode optical fiber, the method comprising:
providing an overclad assembly that forms a hollow central channel;
inserting a consolidated core assembly into the hollow central channel to form a core-cladding assembly such that a gap is disposed between the consolidated core assembly and the overclad assembly;
heating the core-cladding assembly to collapse the overclad assembly on the consolidated core assembly to form a single mode optical fiber preform, and
while heating the core-cladding assembly, flowing a down-dopant precursor into the gap to provide a depressed-cladding index region in a cladding region of the single mold optical fiber drawn from the single mode optical fiber preform,
wherein:
a relative refractive index Δ 3 of the depressed-index cladding region increases with increased radial position, and
the depressed-index cladding region comprises a volume V 3a , which is defined by a first radial position at an inner radius of the depressed-index cladding region and a second radial position at 20 microns, in a range of about 20.0% Δ-micron 2 to about 70.0% Δ-micron 2 .
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the depressed-index cladding region has an inverse triangular shape.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the down-dopant comprises at least one of SiF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 4 , SF 6 , or combinations thereof.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the overclad assembly comprises portions of the single mode optical fiber corresponding to the depressed-index cladding region and an outer cladding region, and
when the consolidated core assembly is inserted into the hollow central channel of the overclad assembly, the depressed-index cladding region in the overclad assembly and the outer cladding region in the overclad assembly have the same relative refractive index.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the down-dopant precursor flows within the gap at a volume fraction between about 1% and about 30% of a total flow of gases within the gap.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the overclad assembly comprises portions of the single mode optical fiber corresponding to the depressed-index cladding region and an outer cladding region, and
the down-dopant precursor penetrates the overclad assembly for an entire width of the depressed-index cladding region without penetrating into the outer cladding region of the single mode optical fiber, the outer cladding region being radially outward of the depressed-index cladding region in the single mode optical fiber.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the down-dopant precursor penetrates from outside of the overclad assembly to a radial position of about 20 microns to about 35 microns of the overclad assembly to form the depressed-index cladding region in the single mode optical fiber.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein, after flowing the down-dopant precursor into the gap, the depressed-index cladding region has a fluorine concentration between about 0.5 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. %.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the fluorine concentration is between about 0.8 wt. % to about 1.8 wt. %.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein, after flowing the down-dopant precursor into the gap, the depressed-index cladding region has a fluorine concentration between about 0.1 wt. % to about 1.5 wt. %.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the fluorine concentration is between about 0.15 wt. % and about 1.0 wt. %.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the fluorine concentration is between about 0.25 wt. % to about 0.75 wt. %.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein, after flowing the down-dopant precursor into the gap, a concentration of the down-dopant precursor at an inside of the overclad assembly is higher than a concentration of the down-dopant precursor at an outside of the overclad assembly.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating step is performed at a temperature between about 1200° C. and about 1550° C.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the single mode optical fiber has a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 15 mm diameter mandrel of less than about 0.75 dB/turn, a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm diameter mandrel of less than about 0.20 dB/turn, and a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 30 mm diameter mandrel of less than 0.005 dB/turn.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the single mode optical fiber has a mode field diameter of about 9.0 microns or greater at 1310 nm wavelength.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the single mode optical fiber has a cable cutoff of less than or equal to about 1260 nm.
18 . The method claim 1 , wherein the single mode optical fiber cable has zero dispersion wavelength between about 1300 nm and about 1324 nm.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the single mode optical fiber has a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 15 mm diameter mandrel of less than about 0.75 dB/turn, a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm diameter mandrel of less than about 0.20 dB/turn, and a bend loss at 1550 nm for a 30 mm diameter mandrel of less than 0.005 dB/turn, and
the single mode optical fiber has a mode field diameter of about 9.0 microns or greater at 1310 nm wavelength.