Thermal management for divers
A technique for delivering heating or cooling to a diver includes a suit that includes a water-impermeable outer layer, an insulating layer having a channel extending along a diver-facing surface thereof, and a tube disposed within the channel of the insulating layer. The tube is constructed and arranged for carrying heat-transfer fluid to a proximity of the diver's skin.
1 . An apparatus for delivering heating or cooling to a diver, the apparatus comprising a suit, the suit including:
a water-impermeable outer layer;
an insulating layer having a channel extending along a diver-facing surface thereof; and
a tube disposed within the channel of the insulating layer, the tube constructed and arranged for carrying heat-transfer fluid to a proximity of the diver's skin and recessed within the channel for protecting the diver's skin from concentrated pressure when filled with the heat-transfer fluid.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the suit further includes a skin-contact layer internal to the insulating layer, the skin contact layer being adjacent to the tube within the channel.
3 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the skin-contact layer includes a four-way stretch fabric.
4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer is a first insulating layer, and wherein the suit further includes a second insulating layer between first insulating layer and the water impermeable layer, the second insulating layer including a flexible silica gel panel surrounded by a breathable, waterproof fabric.
5 . The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the breathable, waterproof fabric has a set of folds formed therein, the folds constructed and arranged to unfold as the flexible silica gel panel is stretched.
6 . The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the folds are formed in two different directions to allow four-way stretching of the flexible silica gel panel.
7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the channel is constructed and arranged to extend along a back-and-forth path within the insulating layer to provide heating or cooling over an extended surface of the diver's skin.
8 . The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the channel is constructed and arranged to extend along one or more lines of non-extension, such that the tube is not subject to substantial stretching or kinking during movements of the diver.
9 . The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the tube folds back on itself at substantially a midpoint thereof.
10 . The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the tube when inflated with heat-transfer fluid has a substantially flat outer surface that is constructed and arranged to face the diver's skin.
11 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer is contained within a first temperature zone of the suit, and wherein the suit further includes a set of additional temperature zones each including an insulating layer having a respective channel formed therein and a respective tube disposed within the channel.
12 . The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the tube of each temperature zone has an inlet end and an outlet end, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a connector for carrying heat-transfer fluid into and out of the suit, the connector having an inlet coupled to the inlet end of the tube of each temperature zone and an outlet coupled to the outlet end of the tube of each temperature zone.
13 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the connector includes a shutoff switch for selectively stopping heat-transfer fluid flow into or out of the suit and a bypass trickle path between the inlet and the outlet.
14 . The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising a mating connector coupled to a heat-transfer fluid supply, wherein the connector and the mating connector form a quick-disconnect pair in which the mating connector is constructed and arranged to separate from the connector by pulling the mating connector axially away from connector.
15 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the connector and the mating connector are held together by magnetic attraction and without any interlocking mechanical parts.
16 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the connector and the mating connector are constructed and arranged to connect omnidirectionally along a common axis.
17 . The apparatus of claim 14 , further comprising a tubing line connected to the mating connector, the tubing line including:
a pair of tubes;
a first layer of flexible silica gel wrapped around the pair of tubes in a first direction;
a second layer of flexible silica gel wrapped around the first layer of flexible silica gel in a second direction; and
an outer extrusion layer applied over the second layer of flexible silica gel.
18 . The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising the mating connector, wherein the mating connector includes:
an annular inner region having an inner gasket that prevents fluid flow through the inner annular region of the mating connector when the connector and the mating connector are disconnected, wherein the inner gasket of the mating connector is constructed and arranged to open responsive to contact with the inner ring of the connector when the connector and the mating connector are connected;
an outer annular region having an outer gasket that prevents fluid flow through the outer annular region of the mating connector when the connector and the mating connector are disconnected, wherein the outer gasket of the mating connector is constructed and arranged to open responsive to contact with the outer ring of the connector when the connector and the mating connector are connected;
an inner ring constructed and arranged to extend partially into the connector to open the inner gasket of the connector when the connector and the mating connector are connected; and
an outer ring constructed and arranged to extend partially into the connector to open the outer gasket of the connector when the connector and the mating connector are connected.
19 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the connector is constructed and arranged to mate with a mating connector, and wherein the connector includes:
an annular inner region providing one of the inlet or the outlet of the connector, the annular inner region having an inner gasket that prevents fluid flow through the inner annular region when the connector and the mating connector are disconnected;
an outer annular region providing the other of the inlet or the outlet of the connector, the outer annular region having an outer gasket that prevents fluid flow through the outer annular region when the connector and the mating connector are disconnected;
an inner ring constructed and arranged to extend partially into the mating connector when the connector and the mating connector are connected; and
an outer ring constructed and arranged to extend partially into the mating connector when the connector and the mating connector are connected.
20 . The suit of claim 1 , wherein the channel is a cutout feature of the insulating layer.
21 . The suit of claim 1 , wherein the tube includes a source portion and a return portion that run alongside each other within the insulating layer.
22 . A suit for delivering heating or cooling to a diver, comprising:
a water-impermeable outer layer;
an insulating layer having a channel extending along a diver-facing surface thereof; and
a tube disposed within the channel of the insulating layer, the tube constructed and arranged for carrying heat-transfer fluid to a proximity of the diver's skin and recessed within the channel for protecting the diver's skin from concentrated pressure when filled with the heat-transfer fluid.
23 . The suit of claim 22 , wherein the insulating layer is contained within a first temperature zone of the suit, and wherein the suit further includes a set of additional temperature zones each including an insulating layer having a respective channel formed therein and a respective tube disposed within the channel.