IP Library Granted Patent US 12,589,218
Granted Patent B2
US 12,589,218 · App. 18/019,464 · Granted Mar 31, 2026

Intermittent-catheter assembly and methods thereof

Inventors: Ronald N. Legaspi (Alpharetta, GA); James David Hughett, Sr. (Monroe, GA); Kyle Daw (Smyrna, GA)
Assignee: C. R. Bard, Inc.
A61M25/0017A61M25/04
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,589,218
App. No.
18/019,464
Granted
Mar 31, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Disclosed herein are intermittent-catheter assemblies and methods thereof. An intermittent-catheter assembly includes, in some embodiments, a collapsible catheter housing and an intermittent catheter. The catheter housing can include an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve slidably mounted over the inner sleeve. Alternatively, the catheter housing can include an outer sleeve and a collapsible outer cover coupled to the outer sleeve. The intermittent catheter includes a funnel and a catheter tube coupled to the funnel. The intermittent-catheter assembly has a storage state and an opened state. In the storage state, the intermittent catheter is sealed within the catheter housing. In the opened state, the catheter housing is collapsed exposing the funnel of the intermittent catheter for removal of the intermittent catheter from the catheter housing. Methods of the intermittent-catheter assemblies include a method of using an intermittent-catheter assembly.

Claims (34)

1 . An intermittent-catheter assembly, comprising:

a collapsible catheter housing including:

an inner sleeve; and

an outer sleeve slidably mounted over the inner sleeve; and

an intermittent catheter including:

a funnel having a funnel opening for voiding urine;

a cap configured to cap the funnel opening of the funnel, the cap coupled to the funnel by a living hinge; and

a catheter tube coupled to the funnel, the intermittent-catheter assembly having:

a storage state in which the intermittent catheter is sealed within the collapsible catheter housing; and

an opened state in which the collapsible catheter housing is collapsed exposing the funnel of the intermittent catheter for removal of the intermittent catheter from the collapsible catheter housing.

2 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the funnel opening opens in a proximal end of the funnel opposite the catheter tube.

3 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cap includes an annular seal around a perimeter of the cap.

4 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 3 , wherein the annular seal is an ‘O’-ring disposed in an annular groove around the perimeter of the cap.

5 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a lubricant disposed in the inner sleeve between the inner sleeve and the catheter tube in the storage state of the intermittent-catheter assembly.

6 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the collapsible catheter housing is configured to collapse when a distal end of the inner sleeve is held against a surface and the outer sleeve is moved toward the surface, thereby exposing the funnel of the intermittent catheter for removal of the intermittent catheter from the collapsible catheter housing.

7 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the funnel includes a plurality of ridges integrated into an outer surface of the funnel, the plurality of ridges configured for gripping the funnel as a handle while removing the intermittent catheter from the collapsible catheter housing for voiding urine.

8 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the catheter tube includes a plurality of eyelets proximate a catheter tip, the plurality of eyelets in fluid communication with the funnel opening.

9 . An intermittent-catheter assembly, comprising:

a collapsible catheter housing including:

an outer sleeve; and

a collapsible outer cover coupled to the outer sleeve; and

an intermittent catheter including:

a funnel;

a cap configured to cap a proximal opening of the funnel, the cap coupled to the funnel by a living hinge; and

a catheter tube coupled to the funnel, the intermittent catheter disposed in the collapsible catheter housing in a storage state of the intermittent-catheter assembly.

10 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein an entirety of the funnel is disposed in the outer sleeve and a majority of the catheter tube is disposed in the collapsible outer cover in the storage state of the intermittent-catheter assembly.

11 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , further comprising a lubricant disposed in the outer sleeve between the outer sleeve and the catheter tube in the storage state of the intermittent-catheter assembly.

12 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein the collapsible outer cover is configured to collapse when a distal end of the intermittent-catheter assembly is held against a surface and the outer sleeve is moved toward the surface, thereby exposing the funnel of the intermittent catheter for removal of the intermittent catheter from the collapsible catheter housing.

13 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein the funnel includes a plurality of ridges integrated into an outer surface of the funnel, the plurality of ridges configured for gripping the funnel as a handle while removing the intermittent catheter from the collapsible catheter housing for voiding urine.

14 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein the cap is configured to cap the funnel when not actively voiding urine.

15 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein the catheter tube includes a plurality of eyelets proximate a catheter tip, the plurality of eyelets in fluid communication with the proximal opening of the funnel.

16 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 9 , wherein an inner surface of the outer sleeve includes a plurality of seals configured to secure the intermittent catheter in the collapsible catheter housing in the storage state of the intermittent-catheter assembly, thereby maintaining sterility of the intermittent catheter prior to use of the intermittent catheter.

17 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of seals are configured to prevent urine leakage from the intermittent-catheter assembly in the storage state of the intermittent-catheter assembly after use of the intermittent catheter.

18 . The intermittent-catheter assembly of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of seals are ‘O’-rings.

Continuity (3)
Provisional Application 63211922 · Jun 17, 2021
Provisional Application 63060615 · Aug 3, 2020
Related Publication 20230293848A1 · Sep 21, 2023
References Cited (400)
US 426931A · Flower · 1890 [cited by applicant]
US 734498A · Bachler · 1903 [cited by applicant]
US 1131865A · Putnam et al. · 1915 [cited by applicant]
US 1235142A · Ichilian · 1917 [cited by applicant]
US 1304396A · Smith · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1643289A · Emile · 1927 [cited by applicant]
US 1661494A · Nielsen · 1928 [cited by applicant]
US 1876229A · Oliver et al. · 1932 [cited by applicant]
US 1888349A · Jacoby · 1932 [cited by applicant]
US 1978497A · Lind · 1934 [cited by applicant]
US 2043630A · Raiche · 1936 [cited by applicant]
US 2213210A · Egbert · 1940 [cited by applicant]
US 2228992A · Fry · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2230226A · Auzin · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2248934A · Auzin · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2262749A · Berwald · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2285502A · Dreyfus · 1942 [cited by applicant]
US 2308484A · Auzin et al. · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2314262A · Winder · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2320157A · Raiche · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2322858A · Limbert et al. · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2330399A · Winder · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2330400A · Winder · 1943 [cited by applicant]
US 2389831A · Welsh · 1945 [cited by applicant]
US 2390070A · Auzin · 1945 [cited by applicant]
US 2481488A · Auzin · 1949 [cited by applicant]
US 2494393A · Lamson · 1950 [cited by applicant]
US 2610626A · Edwards · 1952 [cited by applicant]
US 2638093A · Kulick · 1953 [cited by applicant]
US 2648463A · Scherer · 1953 [cited by applicant]
US 2649619A · Killian · 1953 [cited by applicant]
US 2649854A · Salm · 1953 [cited by applicant]
US 2690595A · Raiche · 1954 [cited by applicant]
US 2712161A · Moss · 1955 [cited by applicant]
US 2856932A · Griffitts · 1958 [cited by applicant]
US 2912981A · Keough · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 2919697A · Kim · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 3035691A · Kai et al. · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3044468A · Birtwell · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3053257A · Birtwell · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3076464A · Rosenberg · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3169527A · Sheridan · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3173566A · Talbert · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3211151A · Foderick et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3246075A · Dansard · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3249285A · Franz et al. · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3304353A · Harautuneian · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3344791A · Foderick · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3345988A · Vitello · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3394704A · Dery · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3394705A · Abramson · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3403682A · McDonell · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3409016A · Foley · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3434869A · Davidson · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3463141A · Mozolf · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3478743A · Ericson · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3503400A · Osthagen · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3508959A · Krahnke · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3509884A · Bell · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3520305A · Davis · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3539674A · Dereniuk et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3544668A · Dereniuk · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3548805A · Datsenko · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3556294A · Walck et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3556874A · McClain · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3566874A · Shepherd et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3593713A · Bogoff et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3598127A · Wepsic · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3606889A · Arblaster · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3642004A · Osthagen et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3646929A · Bonnar · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3648704A · Jackson · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3648891A · Katz et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3651615A · Bohner et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3683928A · Kuntz · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3695921A · Shepherd et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3699956A · Kitrilakis et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3699964A · Ericson · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3708324A · Stebleton · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3726281A · Norton et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3739783A · Broerman · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3761013A · Schuster · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3762399A · Riedell · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3768102A · Kwan-Gett et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3788324A · Lim · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3794042A · De Klotz et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3797478A · Walsh et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3802987A · Noll · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3835992A · Adams, IV · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3838728A · Voegele · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3841304A · Jones · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3854483A · Powers · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3861395A · Taniguchi · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3875937A · Schmitt et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3879516A · Wolvek · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3882220A · Ryder · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3889685A · Miller, Jr. et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3894540A · Bonner, Jr. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3898993A · Taniguchi · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3924634A · Taylor et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3926309A · Center · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3926705A · Todd · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3930580A · Bazell et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3934721A · Juster et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3962519A · Rusch et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3967728A · Gordon et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3981299A · Murray · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3983879A · Todd · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4026296A · Stoy et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4029104A · Kerber · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4051849A · Poncy et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4055682A · Merrill · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4062363A · Bonner, Jr. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4069359A · DeMarse et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4091922A · Egler · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4119094A · Micklus et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4120715A · Ockwell et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4133303A · Patel · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4140127A · Cianci et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4149539A · Cianci · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4168699A · Hauser · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4170996A · Wu · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4186745A · Lewis et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4187851A · Hauser · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4196731A · Laurin et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4198983A · Becker et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4198984A · Taylor · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4209010A · Ward et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4225371A · Taylor et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4230115A · Walz, Jr. et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4245639A · La Rosa · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4246909A · Wu et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4249535A · Hargest, III · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4252760A · Foster et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4265848A · Rusch · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4266999A · Baier · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4269310A · Uson · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4284459A · Patel et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4287227A · Kamada et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4306557A · North · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4311146A · Wonder · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4311659A · Rey et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4318406A · McLeod · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4318947A · Joung · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4341817A · Tozier et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4343788A · Mustacich et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4350161A · Davis, Jr. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4351333A · Lazarus et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4366901A · Short · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4367732A · Poulsen et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4378018A · Alexander et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4378796A · Milhaud · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4379506A · Davidson · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4381008A · Thomas et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4381380A · LeVeen et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4392848A · Lucas et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4395806A · Wonder et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4411648A · Davis et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4419097A · Rowland · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4428365A · Hakky · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4449971A · Cawood · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4457299A · Cornwell · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4472226A · Redinger et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4475910A · Conway et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4477325A · Osburn · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4479795A · Mustacich et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4486504A · Chung · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4496354A · Steer et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4515593A · Norton · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4517971A · Sorbonne · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4534768A · Osburn et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4539234A · Sakamoto et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4540409A · Nystrom et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4552269A · Chang · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4553533A · Leighton · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4560382A · Isono et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4563184A · Korol · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4568340A · Giacalone · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4571239A · Heyman · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4571240A · Samson et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4571241A · Christopher · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4576599A · Lipner · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4581026A · Schneider · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4581028A · Fox, Jr. et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4582762A · Onohara et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4585666A · Lambert · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4586974A · Nystrom et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4589874A · Riedel et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4592920A · Murtfeldt · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4597765A · Klatt · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4597931A · Watanabe et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4601713A · Fuqua · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4603152A · Laurin et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4607746A · Stinnette · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4610670A · Spencer · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4612337A · Fox, Jr. et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4613324A · Ghajar · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4615692A · Giacalone et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4615697A · Robinson · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4619642A · Spencer · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4622033A · Taniguchi · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4623329A · Drobish et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4626250A · Schneider · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4627844A · Schmitt · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4634433A · Osborne · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4637907A · Hegel et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4638790A · Conway et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4639246A · Dudley · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4640688A · Hauser · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4652259A · O'Neil · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4664657A · Williamitis et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4673401A · Jensen et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4677143A · Laurin et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4681572A · Tokarz et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4685913A · Austin · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4686124A · Onohara et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4687470A · Okada · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4692152A · Emde · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4692154A · Singery et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4696672A · Mochizuki et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4699616A · Nowak et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4704102A · Guthery · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4710169A · Christopher · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4710181A · Fuqua · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4723946A · Kay · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4731064A · Heyden · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4737219A · Taller et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4738667A · Galloway · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4739768A · Engelson · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4747845A · Korol · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4754877A · Johansson et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4759753A · Schneider et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4762128A · Rosenbluth · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4769013A · Lorenz et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4769099A · Therriault et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4772473A · Patel et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4773901A · Norton · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4775371A · Mueller, Jr. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4784651A · Hickey et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4790834A · Austin · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4790835A · Elias · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US D299865S · Kamstrup-Larsen et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4810247A · Glassman · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4811847A · Reif et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4813935A · Haber et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4820270A · Hardcastle et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4820289A · Coury et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4820291A · Terauchi et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4820292A · Korol et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4834721A · Onohara et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4838876A · Wong et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4846784A · Haber · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4846909A · Klug et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4850969A · Jackson · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4861337A · George · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4863424A · Blake, III et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4863444A · Blomer · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4863449A · Therriault et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4867748A · Samuelsen · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4874373A · Luther et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4876109A · Mayer et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4885049A · Johannesson · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4886508A · Washington · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4888005A · Dingeman et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4893623A · Rosenbluth · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4894059A · Larsen et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4902503A · Umemura et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4904260A · Ray et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4917113A · Conway et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4917686A · Bayston et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US RE33206E · Conway et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4923450A · Maeda et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4925668A · Khan et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4930522A · Busnel et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4931056A · Ghajar et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4932938A · Goldberg et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4932948A · Kernes et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4934999A · Bader · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4935260A · Shlenker · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4950256A · Luther et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4957487A · Gerow · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4963137A · Heyden · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4968294A · Salama · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4968507A · Zentner et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4976703A · Franetzki et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4981471A · Quinn et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 4994047A · Walker et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 4997426A · Dingeman et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5004454A · Beyar et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5007897A · Kalb et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5013306A · Solomon et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5013717A · Solomon et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5019096A · Fox, Jr. et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5019378A · Allen · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5019601A · Allen · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5045078A · Asta · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5059190A · Novak · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5071406A · Jang · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5077352A · Elton · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5078707A · Peter Klug · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5082006A · Jonasson · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5084037A · Barnett · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5087252A · Denard · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5088980A · Leighton · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5089205A · Huang et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5090424A · Simon et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5098379A · Conway et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5100396A · Zamierowski · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5102401A · Lambert et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5102405A · Conway et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5109378A · Proctor et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5109601A · McBride · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5112306A · Burton et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5114398A · Trick et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5118007A · Lewis et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5128088A · Shimomura et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5131906A · Chen · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5137671A · Conway et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5140999A · Ardito · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5147341A · Starke et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5165952A · Solomon et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5174290A · Fiddian-Green · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5176666A · Conway et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5179174A · Elton · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5180591A · Magruder et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5186172A · Fiddian-Green · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5188596A · Condon et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5197957A · Wendler · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5201724A · Hukins et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5209726A · Goosen · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5209728A · Kraus et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5211640A · Wendler · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5224953A · Morgentaler · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5226530A · Golden · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5234411A · Vaillancourt et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5236422A · Eplett, Jr. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5242391A · Place et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5242398A · Knoll et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5242428A · Palestrant · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5261896A · Conway et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5263947A · Kay · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5269755A · Bodicky · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5269770A · Conway et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5270358A · Asmus · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5282795A · Finney · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5290306A · Trotta et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5306226A · Salama · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5334175A · Conway et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5336211A · Metz · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5346483A · Thaxton, Sr. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5348536A · Young et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5352182A · Kalb et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5354132A · Young et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5360402A · Conway et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5360414A · Yarger · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5366449A · Gilberg · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368575A · Chang · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5370899A · Conway et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5376085A · Conway et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5380312A · Goulter · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5395333A · Brill · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5409014A · Napoli et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5409495A · Osborn · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5415165A · Fiddian-Green · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5415635A · Bagaoisan et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5417226A · Juma · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5417666A · Coulter · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5423784A · Metz · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5433705A · Giebel et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5433713A · Trotta · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5445626A · Gigante et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5447231A · Kastenhofer · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5451424A · Solomon et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5454798A · Kubalak et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5456251A · Fiddian-Green · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5464650A · Berg et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5466229A · Elson et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476434A · Kalb et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5479945A · Simon · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5482740A · Conway et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5483976A · McLaughlin et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5497601A · Gonzalez · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5501669A · Conway et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5509427A · Simon et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5509889A · Kalb et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5509899A · Fan et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5513659A · Buuck et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5513660A · Simon et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5514112A · Chu et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5520636A · Korth et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5531715A · Engelson et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5531717A · Roberto et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5536258A · Folden · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5538584A · Metz · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5554140A · Michels et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5554141A · Wendler · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5558900A · Fan et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5562599A · Beyschlag · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5567495A · Modak et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5569219A · Hakki et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]