IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,591,698
Granted Patent B2
US 12,591,698 · App. 18/904,916 · Granted Mar 31, 2026

Secure data parser method and system

Inventors: Mark S. O'Hare (Coto De Caza, CA); Rick L. Orsini (Flower Mound, TX); Roger S. Davenport (Campbell, TX); Steven Winick (Roslyn Heights, NY)
Assignee: Security First Innovations, LLC
G06F21/62H04L9/085H04L9/3231H04L9/3247H04L63/0428H04L2209/56H04L2209/80
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,591,698
App. No.
18/904,916
Granted
Mar 31, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

A secure data parser is provided that may be integrated into any suitable system for securely storing and communicating data. The secure data parser parses data and then splits the data into multiple portions that are stored or communicated distinctly. Encryption of the original data, the portions of data, or both may be employed for additional security. The secure data parser may be used to protect data in motion by splitting original data into portions of data, that may be communicated using multiple communications paths.

Claims (81)

1 . A method comprising:

obtaining, by a computer system, a key encryption key;

obtaining, by the computer system, a first network data packet of a video broadcasting application;

obtaining, by the computer system, first data from the first network data packet of the video broadcasting application;

splitting, by the computer system, the first data of the first network data packet of the video broadcasting application into a first plurality of data portions, wherein each of the first plurality of data portions comprises less than all of the first data, and wherein the first data can be reassembled using two or more of the first plurality of data portions;

obtaining, by the computer system, a first plurality of data encryption keys which are distinct from each other;

encrypting, by the computer system, each of the first plurality of data portions with a respective one of the first plurality of data encryption keys to provide a first plurality of encrypted data portions;

encrypting, by the computer system, each of the first plurality of data encryption keys with the key encryption key to provide a first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys;

storing, by the computer system, each of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a respective data indicative of a respective one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, by the computer system, the key encryption key separate from the first plurality of encrypted data portions and the respective data indicative of the respective one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first network data packet is a video packet.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein splitting, by the computer system, the first data of the first network data packet of the video broadcasting application into the first plurality of data portions includes:

randomly distributing a respective subset of the first data to each of the first plurality of data portions.

4 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

providing, by the computer system to a first storage device over a network, a first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a first data indicative of a first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

providing, by the computer system to a second storage device over the network, a second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a second data indicative of a second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

5 . The method of claim 4 , further comprising:

receiving, by the first storage device over the network, the first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the first data indicative of the first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, in the first storage device, the first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the first data indicative of the first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

6 . The method of claim 5 , further comprising:

receiving, by the second storage device over the network, the second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the second data indicative of the second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, in the first storage device, the second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the second data indicative of the second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

7 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

obtaining, by the computer system, a second network data packet of the video broadcasting application, the second network data packet having second data;

splitting, by the computer system, the second data of the second network data packet of the video broadcasting application into a second plurality of data portions, wherein each of the second plurality of data portions comprises less than all of the second data, and wherein the second data can be reassembled using two or more of the second plurality of data portions;

obtaining, by the computer system, a second plurality of data encryption keys which are distinct from each other;

encrypting, by the computer system, each of the second plurality of data portions with a respective one of the second plurality of data encryption keys to provide a second plurality of encrypted data portions;

encrypting, by the computer system, each of the second plurality of data encryption keys with the key encryption key to provide a second plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, by the computer system, each of the second plurality of encrypted data portions with a respective data indicative of a respective one of the second plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

8 . A computer system comprising:

at least one hardware processor configured to:

obtain a key encryption key;

obtain a first network data packet of a video broadcasting application;

obtain first data from the first network data packet of the video broadcasting application;

split the first data of the first network data packet of the video broadcasting application into a first plurality of data portions, wherein each of the first plurality of data portions comprises less than all of the first data, and wherein the first data can be reassembled using two or more of the first plurality of data portions;

obtain a first plurality of data encryption keys which are distinct from each other;

encrypt each of the first plurality of data portions with a respective one of the first plurality of data encryption keys to provide a first plurality of encrypted data portions;

encrypt each of the first plurality of data encryption keys with the key encryption key to provide a first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys;

store each of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a respective data indicative of a respective one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

store the key encryption key separate from the first plurality of encrypted data portions and the respective data indicative of the respective one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

9 . The computer system of claim 8 , wherein the first network data packet is a video packet.

10 . The computer system of claim 8 , wherein splitting the first data of the first network data packet of the video broadcasting application into the first plurality of data portions includes:

randomly distributing a respective subset of the first data to each of the first plurality of data portions.

11 . The computer system of claim 8 , wherein the at least one hardware processor is further configured to:

provide, to a first storage device over a network, a first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a first data indicative of a first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

provide, to a second storage device over the network, a second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a second data indicative of a second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

12 . The computer system of claim 11 , wherein the at least one hardware processor is further configured to:

receive, by the first storage device over the network, the first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the first data indicative of the first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

store, in the first storage device, the first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the first data indicative of the first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

13 . The computer system of claim 12 , wherein the at least one hardware processor is further configured to:

receive, by the second storage device over the network, the second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the second data indicative of the second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

store, in the first storage device, the second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the second data indicative of the second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

14 . The computer system of claim 8 , wherein the at least one hardware processor is further configured to:

obtain a second network data packet of the video broadcasting application, the second network data packet having second data;

split the second data of the second network data packet of the video broadcasting application into a second plurality of data portions, wherein each of the second plurality of data portions comprises less than all of the second data, and wherein the second data can be reassembled using two or more of the second plurality of data portions;

obtain a second plurality of data encryption keys which are distinct from each other;

encrypt each of the second plurality of data portions with a respective one of the second plurality of data encryption keys to provide a second plurality of encrypted data portions;

encrypt each of the second plurality of data encryption keys with the key encryption key to provide a second plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

store each of the second plurality of encrypted data portions with a respective data indicative of a respective one of the second plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

15 . A method comprising:

obtaining, by a computer system, a key encryption key;

obtaining, by the computer system, a first network data packet;

obtaining, by the computer system, first data from the first network data packet;

splitting, by the computer system, the first data of the first network data packet into a first plurality of data portions, wherein each of the first plurality of data portions comprises less than all of the first data, and wherein the first data can be reassembled using two or more of the first plurality of data portions;

obtaining, by the computer system, a first plurality of data encryption keys which are distinct from each other;

encrypting, by the computer system, each of the first plurality of data portions with a respective one of the first plurality of data encryption keys to provide a first plurality of encrypted data portions;

encrypting, by the computer system, each of the first plurality of data encryption keys with the key encryption key to provide a first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys;

storing, by the computer system, each of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a respective data indicative of a respective one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, by the computer system, the key encryption key separate from the first plurality of encrypted data portions and the respective data indicative of the respective one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the first network data packet is obtained from one of a video broadcasting application, a VoIP application, a file-sharing application or an email application.

17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein splitting, by the computer system, the first data of the first network data packet into the first plurality of data portions includes:

randomly distributing a respective subset of the first data to each of the first plurality of data portions.

18 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising:

providing, by the computer system to a first storage device over a network, a first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a first data indicative of a first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

providing, by the computer system to a second storage device over the network, a second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with a second data indicative of a second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

19 . The method of claim 18 , further comprising:

receiving, by the first storage device over the network, the first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the first data indicative of the first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, in the first storage device, the first encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the first data indicative of the first one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

20 . The method of claim 19 , further comprising:

receiving, by the second storage device over the network, the second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the second data indicative of the second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys; and

storing, in the first storage device, the second encrypted data portion of the first plurality of encrypted data portions with the second data indicative of the second one of the first plurality of encrypted data encryption keys.

Continuity (13)
Continuation 18781806 · Jul 23, 2024
Continuation 18229122 · Aug 1, 2023
Continuation 18124530 · Mar 21, 2023
Continuation 17347268 · Jun 14, 2021
Continuation 16658506 · Oct 21, 2019
Continuation 16127077 · Sep 10, 2018
Continuation 14546887 · Nov 18, 2014
Continuation 14133903 · Dec 19, 2013
Continuation 13668433 · Nov 5, 2012
Continuation 13172682 · Jun 29, 2011
Continuation 11602667 · Nov 20, 2006
Provisional Application 60738231 · Nov 18, 2005
Related Publication 20250190598A1 · Jun 12, 2025
References Cited (173)
US 5001628A · Johnson et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5483598A · Kaufman et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5530849A · Hanushevsky et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5568629A · Gentry et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5825890A · Elgamal et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5966448A · Namba et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5996047A · Peacock · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6026414A · Anglin · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6038570A · Hitz et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6088454A · Nagashima et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6169843B1 · Lenihan et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6226618B1 · Downs et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6304942B1 · DeKoning · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6324648B1 · Grantges, Jr. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6363481B1 · Hardjono · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6389473B1 · Carmel et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6662329B1 · Foster et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6697846B1 · Soltis · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6771657B1 · Elstermann · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6819766B1 · Weidong · 2004 [cited by examiner]
US 6959086B2 · Ober et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6973455B1 · Vahalia et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6993508B1 · Major et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7076661B2 · Chen et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7257227B2 · Chen et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7266613B1 · Brown et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7277941B2 · Ignatius et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7506187B2 · Maddock · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7571320B2 · Davis · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7739501B2 · Kimmel et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7823009B1 · Tormasov et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 8098819B2 · Kezmann · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8788803B2 · Irvine · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9954680B1 · Machani · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 10657283B2 · Eigner et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10721062B2 · Chen · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 11196558B1 · Mare · 2021 [cited by examiner]
US 20010034795A1 · Moulton et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20010053221A1 · Takeda · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20020019932A1 · Toh et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020042859A1 · Lowry · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020049655A1 · Bennett et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020083120A1 · Soltis · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020083438A1 · So et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020129383A1 · Wasilewski · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020162047A1 · Peters et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030016596A1 · Chiquoine et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030028493A1 · Tajima et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030046551A1 · Brennan · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030065656A1 · de la Torre et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030091191A1 · Watanabe et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030140257A1 · Peterka et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030145329A1 · Candelore · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030167408A1 · Fitzpatrick et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030187799A1 · Sellars et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030191938A1 · Woods et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030200176A1 · Foster et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040005061A1 · Buer et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040010699A1 · Shao et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040019900A1 · Knightbridge et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040030921A1 · Aldridge et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040049687A1 · Orsini et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040107356A1 · Shamoon et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040143733A1 · Ophir et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040162871A1 · Pabla et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040187014A1 · Molaro · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040199667A1 · Dobbins · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040199771A1 · Morten et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040202320A1 · Amini et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040216164A1 · Hayhurst · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040236958A1 · Teicher et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050050218A1 · Sheldon · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050160292A1 · Batthish et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050177740A1 · Athaide et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050195857A1 · Tsai · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050216754A1 · Ehud · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060143350A1 · Miloushev et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20080075290A1 · Nishiguchi · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 20100125730A1 · Dodgson et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20120243687A1 · Li · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 20200076583A1 · Furukawa · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20210173945A1 · Karr · 2021 [cited by examiner]
EP 1063811 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
EP 1564686 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
KR 20170087663A · 2017 [cited by examiner]
WO 01022322 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO 2001015162 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO 2001022322 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO 2003026220 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004008289A1 · 2004 [cited by examiner]
Machine translation of Cha Hyun Sung, KR 10-2017-0087663, 1 page (Year: 2017). [cited by examiner]
Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 207, 381, 888 (10th ed. 1997). [cited by applicant]
Redline Comparison of International Application Publication WO 2001/022322 to U.S. Pat. No. 9,338,140. [cited by applicant]
Google LLC's Proposed Claim Terms for Construction in [cited by applicant]
Letter from A. Mayron to D. Perlson re Preliminary Proposed Constructions in [cited by applicant]
Microsoft Computer Dictionary, 99, 192, 362, 407 (5th ed. 2002). [cited by applicant]
Security First Innovation's Aug. 14, 2023 Infringement Contentions, Chart D in [cited by applicant]
[cited by applicant]
[cited by applicant]
Declaration of Samrat Bhattacharjee, Ph.D. In Support of Request for Ex Parte Reexamination of U.S. Pat. No. 9,338,140. [cited by applicant]
[cited by applicant]
Declaration of Rachel J. Watters on Authentication of Publication. [cited by applicant]
Jay. J. Wylie et al., Survivable Information Storage Systems, Computer, 33(8), 61-68 (2000). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 60/718,185. [cited by applicant]
Request for Ex Parte Reexamination of U.S. Pat. No. 9,338,140, Reexamination U.S. Appl. No. 90/019,836, filed Jan. 31, 2025. [cited by applicant]
File History of Reexamination U.S. Appl. No. 90/019,836, filed Jan. 31, 2025. [cited by applicant]
File History of U.S. Appl. No. 18/131,229, filed Apr. 5, 2023. [cited by applicant]
“Secret Sharing Made Short,” Hugo Krawczyk, Advances in Cryptology—Crypto '93, 13th Annual International Cryptology Conference, LNCS 773, 136-146, 1993. [cited by applicant]
File History of U.S. Appl. No. 11/258,839. [cited by applicant]
File History of U.S. Appl. No. 13/371,363. [cited by applicant]
Declaration of Dr. Erez Zadok ('802). [cited by applicant]
Comparison of the '802 Patent's Specification and Orsini. [cited by applicant]
[cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 60/622,146. [cited by applicant]
Microsoft Computer Dictionary, 5th ed., 2002, excerpts. [cited by applicant]
Bruce Schneier, Applied Cryptography, 2nd ed., 1996, excerpts. [cited by applicant]
Yitzhak Birk, “Random RAIDs with Selective Exploitation of Redundancy for High Performance Video Servers,” IEEE 1997. [cited by applicant]
Declaration of Dr. Hall-Ellis. [cited by applicant]
John Kubiatowicz, et al., “OceanStore: An Architecture for Global-Scale Persistent Storage,” ACM 2000. [cited by applicant]
P. Venkat Rangan et al., “Designing File Systems for Digital Video and Audio,” ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, vol. 25, Issue 5, 81-94 (1991). [cited by applicant]
Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 8,271,802, IPR2025-01200, filed Jul. 9, 2025. [cited by applicant]
File History of IPR2025-01200, filed Jul. 9, 2025. [cited by applicant]
Claudia Canali et al., Performance Comparison of Distributed Architectures for Content Adaptation and Delivery of Web Resources, 25 IEEE Int'l Conf. on Distributed Comput. Sys. Workshops 331 (2005). [cited by applicant]
Highlighted Comparison Between Dickinson and the '194 Patent. [cited by applicant]
Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 8,904,194, IPR2025-01201, filed Jul. 9, 2025. [cited by applicant]
File History of IPR2025-01201, filed Jul. 9, 2025. [cited by applicant]
Anand Desai, “The Security of All-or-Nothing Encryption: Protecting Against Exhaustive Key Search,” Advances in Cryptology—Crypto 2000, 20th Annual International Cryptology Conference, LNCS 1880, 359-375, 2000. [cited by applicant]
Declaration of Dr. Sylvia Hall-Ellis. [cited by applicant]
Ronald L. Rivest, “All-or-Nothing Encryption and the Package Transform,” Fast Software Encryption '97, Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 1267, E. Biham ed., Springer-Verlag, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Doug Burger, “Memory Systems,” ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 28, No. 1, Mar. 1996. [cited by applicant]
“Understanding Computers: An Overview for Records and Archives Staff,” International Records Management Trust, 1999. [cited by applicant]
Costello et al., “Some Thoughts on the Equivalence of Systematic and Non-Systematic Convolutional Encoders,” (Aug. 2, 2001). [cited by applicant]
Comparison of the '456 Patent's Specification and Orsini. [cited by applicant]
“Primer: Reed-Solomon Error Correction Codes (ECC),” AHA Products Group (Aug. 8, 2004). [cited by applicant]
Norman Matloff, “Introduction to Digital Logic,” Sep. 4, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Tsai et al., “Dynamic Buffer Management for Near Video-On-Demand Systems,” Multimedia Tools and Applications 6, 61-83 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,135,456, IPR2025-01202, filed Jul. 9, 2025. [cited by applicant]
File History of PR2025-01202, filed Jul. 9, 2025. [cited by applicant]
Declaration of Dr. Erez Zadok ('194). [cited by applicant]
Declaration of Dr. Erez Zadok ('456). [cited by applicant]
Bruce Schneier, Why Cryptography Is Harder Than It Looks, Schneier on Security, 1997, https://www.schneier.com/essays/archives/1997/01/why_cryptography_is.html [Schneier-Why-Cryptography-Is-Harder-Than-It-Looks]. [cited by applicant]
Excerpts from Jonathan Katz et al., Introduction to Modern Cryptography (1st ed. 2007) [Katz]. [cited by applicant]
Bruce Schneier, Security Pitfalls in Cryptography, Schneier on Security, 1998, https://www.schneier.com/essays/archives/1998/01/security_pitfalls_in.html [Schneier-Security-Pitfalls-in-Cryptography]. [cited by applicant]
Excerpts from Ross Anderson, Security Engineering: A Guide to Building Dependable Distributed Systems (1st ed. 2001) [Anderson]. [cited by applicant]
Excerpts from Bruce Schneier, Applied Cryptography, Second Edition: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C (2nd ed. 2015) [Schneier-Applied-Cryptography]. [cited by applicant]
Edgar Pek et al., Formal Verification of Communication Protocols in Distributed Systems, Symposium on Operating Sys. Principles, 2003 [Pek]. [cited by applicant]
Jan Friso Groote et al., A Bounded Retransmission Protocol for Large Data Packets: A Case Study in Computer Checked Algebraic Verification, 1996 [Groote]. [cited by applicant]
Microsoft, Overview of MPEG-2 Systems, www.learn.microsoft.com, Jul. 27, 2023, https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/directshow/overview-of-mpeg-2-systems [Overview-of-MPEG-2-Systems]. [cited by applicant]
Excerpts from Harry Newton, Newton's Telecom Dictionary (16th ed. 2000) [Newton's-Telecom-Dictionary]. [cited by applicant]
Excerpts from Oxford Dictionary of Computing (1996) [Oxford-Dictionary-of-Computing]. [cited by applicant]
IBM, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), www.ibm.com, https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/zos-basic-skills?topic=4-transmission-control-protocol-tcp [IBM]. [cited by applicant]
[cited by applicant]
Excerpts from Microsoft Press, Microsoft Computer Dictionary (5th ed. 2002) [Microsoft-Computer-Dictionary]. [cited by applicant]
[cited by applicant]
Cambridge Dictionary, Set-Top Box, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/set-top-box (last visited Feb. 27, 2024). [cited by applicant]
Jim Connors, Infoworld, The evolution of cable television to interactive communications service provider (Oct. 1, 1996), https://www.infoworld.com/article/2077255/the-evolution-of-cable-television-to-interactive-communi… [cited by applicant]
Trappe, Key Management and Distribution for Secure Multimedia Multicast (IEEE Dec. 2003). [cited by applicant]
D. McGovern, “Pushing the internet direct to the user—security issues,” IEE Seminar on IP Over Satellite—The next Generation: MPLS, VPN and DRM Delivered Services, 2003., 2003, pp. 122-138, doi: 10.1049/ic:20030063. [cited by applicant]
Mike Knee, MPEG Video. [cited by applicant]
RFC 3394: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) key wrap algorithm. [cited by applicant]
Deposition of Aviel D. Rubin, Ph.D. (Dec. 12, 2024) (“Rubin-Depo”). [cited by applicant]
National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST Special Publication 800-57, Recommendations for Key Management—Part 1: General (Aug. 2005). [cited by applicant]
MPEG-2—a tutorial introduction to the systems layer (IEEE 1995). [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00212—Patent Owner's Preliminary Response. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00212—Petitioner's Reply to Patent Owner Response. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00214—Patent Owner's Preliminary Response. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00214—Petitioner's Reply to Patent Owner Response. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00215—Patent Owner's Preliminary Response. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00215—Petitioner's Reply to Patent Owner Response. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00212—Entire File History. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00213—Entire File History. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00214—Entire File History. [cited by applicant]
IPR2024-00215—Entire File History. [cited by applicant]