US 3687808A
· Merigan et al.
· 1972
[cited by applicant]
US 4415732A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1983
[cited by applicant]
US 4458066A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1984
[cited by applicant]
US 4469863A
· Ts'o et al.
· 1984
[cited by applicant]
US 4476301A
· Imbach et al.
· 1984
[cited by applicant]
US 4500707A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1985
[cited by applicant]
US 4668777A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1987
[cited by applicant]
US 4725677A
· Koster et al.
· 1988
[cited by applicant]
US 4845205A
· Huynh Dinh et al.
· 1989
[cited by applicant]
US 4973679A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1990
[cited by applicant]
US 4981957A
· Lableu et al.
· 1991
[cited by applicant]
US 5013830A
· Ohutsuka et al.
· 1991
[cited by applicant]
US 5023243A
· Tullis
· 1991
[cited by applicant]
US 5034506A
· Summerton et al.
· 1991
[cited by applicant]
US 5118800A
· Smith et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5130302A
· Spielvogel et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5132418A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5134066A
· Rogers et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US RE34036E
· McGeehan
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5149797A
· Pederson et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5166315A
· Summerton et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5175273A
· Bischofberger et al.
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5177196A
· Meyer, Jr. et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5177198A
· Spielvogel et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5185444A
· Summerton et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5188897A
· Suhadolnik et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5194599A
· Froehler
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5214134A
· Weis et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5216141A
· Benner
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5220007A
· Pederson et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5223618A
· Cook et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5235033A
· Summerton et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5256775A
· Froehler
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5264423A
· Cohen et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5264562A
· Matteucci
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5264564A
· Matteucci
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5276019A
· Cohen et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5278302A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5286717A
· Cohen et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5319080A
· Leumann
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5321131A
· Agrawal et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5359044A
· Cook et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5366878A
· Pederson et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5367066A
· Urdea et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5378825A
· Cook et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5386023A
· Sanghvi et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5393878A
· Leumann
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5399676A
· Froehler
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5403711A
· Walder et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5405938A
· Sumerton et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5405939A
· Suhadolnik et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5432272A
· Benner
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5434257A
· Matteucci
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5446137A
· Maag et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5453496A
· Caruthers et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5455233A
· Spielvogel et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5457187A
· Gmelner et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5459255A
· Cook et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5466677A
· Baxter et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5466786A
· Buhr et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5470967A
· Huie et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5476925A
· Letsinger et al.
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5484908A
· Froehler et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5489677A
· Sanghvi et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5491133A
· Walder et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5502177A
· Matteucci et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5508270A
· Baxter et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5514785A
· Van Ness et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5519126A
· Hecht
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5519134A
· Acevedo et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5525711A
· Hawkins et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5527899A
· Froehler
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5536821A
· Agrawal et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5541306A
· Agrawal et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5541307A
· Cook et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5550111A
· Suhadolnik et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5552540A
· Haralambidis
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5561225A
· Maddry et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5563253A
· Agrawal et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5565350A
· Kmiec
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5565555A
· Froehler et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5567811A
· Mistura et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5571799A
· Tkachuk et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5576427A
· Cook et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5587361A
· Cook et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5587469A
· Cook et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5591722A
· Montgomery et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5594121A
· Froehler et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5596086A
· Matteucci
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5596091A
· Switzer
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5597909A
· Urdea et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5602240A
· De Mesmaeker et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5608046A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5610289A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5610300A
· Altmann et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5614617A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5618704A
· Sanghvi et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5623065A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5623070A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5625050A
· Beaton et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5627053A
· Usman et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5633360A
· Bishofberger et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5639873A
· Barascut et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5645985A
· Froehler et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5646265A
· McGee
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5646269A
· Matteucci
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5652355A
· Metelev et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5652356A
· Agrawal
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5663312A
· Chaturvedula
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5670633A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5672697A
· Buhr et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5677437A
· Teng et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5677439A
· Weis et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5681941A
· Cook et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5700920A
· Altmann et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5700922A
· Cook
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5721218A
· Froehler
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 5750692A
· Cook et al.
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 5763588A
· Matteucci et al.
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 5792608A
· Swaminathan et al.
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 5792847A
· Buhr et al.
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 5830653A
· Froehler et al.
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 6005096A
· Matteucci et al.
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
US 6268490B1
· Imanishi et al.
· 2001
[cited by applicant]
US 6365577B1
· Iversen
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
US 6426220B1
· Bennett et al.
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
US 6600032B1
· Manoharan et al.
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 6770748B2
· Imanishi et al.
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
US 6794499B2
· Wengel et al.
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
US 7053207B2
· Wengel
· 2006
[cited by applicant]
US 7067641B2
· Dellinger
· 2006
[cited by applicant]
US 7399845B2
· Seth et al.
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
US 7427672B2
· Imanishi et al.
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
US 8987435B2
· Swayze et al.
· 2015
[cited by applicant]
US 20160122761A1
· Prakash et al.
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
US 20170130224A1
· Oestergaard et al.
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
US 20240287520A1
· Rodriguez
· 2024
[cited by applicant]
US 20240360448A1
· Gaus et al.
· 2024
[cited by applicant]
EP 0679657
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
WO WO1989009221
· 1989
[cited by applicant]
WO WO1994002499
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
WO WO1994017093
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
WO WO1999014226
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2002036743
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2003002587
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2005121371
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2005121372
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2007059816
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2007134181
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2007146511
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2008101157
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2008109080
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2008150729
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2008154401
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2009006478
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2009067647
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
WO 2010060599
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2011139699
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2011139702
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2013075035
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014090837
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO 2014179620A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2016028187
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2016028649
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2018098328
· 2018
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2018156056
· 2018
[cited by applicant]
WO 2008128686
· 2018
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2019073018
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2019157531
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
WO 2019193144
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2019200185
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2019217459
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2020072991
· 2020
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2020160163
· 2020
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2021030763
· 2021
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2021030778
· 2021
[cited by applicant]
WO 2021092371
· 2021
[cited by applicant]
WO 2022026589
· 2022
[cited by applicant]
WO 2022174053
· 2022
[cited by applicant]
WO 2023023550
· 2023
[cited by applicant]
WO 2024173759
· 2024
[cited by applicant]
WO 2024173762
· 2024
[cited by applicant]
WO 2024173783
· 2024
[cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/264,705, filed 2023.
[cited by examiner]
Albaek et al., “Bi- and Tricyclic Nucleoside Derivatives Restricted in S-Type Conformations and Obtained by RCM-Reactions” Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids (2003) 22(5-8):723-725.
[cited by applicant]
Albaek et al., “Analogues of a Locked Nucleic Acid with Three-Carbon 2′,4′-Linkages: Synthesis by Ring-Closing Metathesis and Influence of Nucleic Acid Duplex Stability” J. Org. Chem. (2006) 71:7731-7740.
[cited by applicant]
Altmann et al. “Second Generation Antisense Oligonucleotides—Inhibition of PKC-a and c-RAF Kinase Expression by Chimeric Oligonucleotides Incorporating 6′-Substituted Carbocyclic Nucleosides and 2′-O-Ethylene Glycol Sub…
[cited by applicant]
Altmann et al. “Second Generation of Antisense Oligonucleotides: Structure-activity relationships and the design of improved signal-transduction inhibitors” RNA Interactions (1996) 24: 630-637.
[cited by applicant]
Altmann et al. “Second Generation of Antisense Oligonucleotides: From Nuclease Resistance to Biological Efficacy in Animals” Chimia (1996) 168-176.
[cited by applicant]
Altschul et al., “Basic Local Alignment Search Tool” J. Mol. Biol. (1990) 215:403-410.
[cited by applicant]
Anderson et al., “Towards next generation antisense oligonucleotides: mesylphosphoramidate modification improves therapeutic index and duration of effect of gapmer antisense oligonucleotides” Nucl Acids Res (2021) 1-16.
[cited by applicant]
Anderson et al., “Towards Next Generation Antisense Oligonucleotides—Mesylphosphoramidate Modification Improves Therapeutic Index and Duration of Effect of Gapmer Antisense Oligonucleotides” Abstract for 17th Annual OTS…
[cited by applicant]
Anderson et al., “Towards Next Generation Antisense Oligonucleotides—Mesylphosphoramidate Modification Improves Therapeutic Index and Duration of Effect of Gapmer Antisense Oligonucleotides” Poster for 17th Annual OTS—O…
[cited by applicant]
Baker et al. “2′-O-(2-Methoxy)ethyl-modified Anti-intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) Oligonucleotides Selectively Increase the ICAM-1 mRNA Level and Inhibit Formation of the ICAM-1 Translation Initiation Complex…
[cited by applicant]
Bala et al., “Synthesis of α-l-Threofuranosyl Nucleoside 3′-Monophosphates, 3′-Phosphoro(2-Methyl)imidazolides, and 3′-Triphosphates” J Org Chem (2017) 82: 5910-5916.
[cited by applicant]
Barany et al., “A New Amino Protecting Group Removable by Reduction. Chemistry of the Dithiasuccinoyl (Dts) Function” J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1977) 99:7363-7365.
[cited by applicant]
Barany et al., “Kinetics and Mechanisms of the Thiolytic Removal of the Dithiasuccinoyl (Dts) Amino Protecting Group” J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1980) 102:3084-3095.
[cited by applicant]
Bass, “Double-stranded RNA as a template for gene silencing” Cell (2000) 101:235-238.
[cited by applicant]
Beaucage et al., “Advances in the Synthesis of Oligonucleotides by the Phosphoramidite Approach” Tetrahedron (1992) 48(12):2223-2311.
[cited by applicant]
Beaucage et al., “The Functionalization of Oligonucleotides Via Phosphoramidite Derivatives” Tetrahedron (1993) 49(10):1925-1963.
[cited by applicant]
Beaucage et al., “The Synthesis of Specific Ribonucleotides and Unrelated Phosphorylated Biomolecules by the Phosphoramidite Method” Tetrahedron (1993) 49(46):10441-10488.
[cited by applicant]
Belikova et al., “Synthesis of Ribonucleosides and Diribonucleoside Phosphates Containing 2-Chloro-Ethylamine and Nitrogen Mustard Residues” Tet. Lett. (1967) 37:3557-3562.
[cited by applicant]
Biscans et al., “The chemical structure and phosphorothioate content of hydrophobically modified siRNAs impact extra hepatic distribution and efficacy” Nucl Ac Res (2020) 1-16.
[cited by applicant]
Boissonnet et al., “α,β-D-CAN featuring canonical and noncanonical α/β torsional angles behaviours within oligonucleotides” New J. Chem. (2011) 35: 1528-1533.
[cited by applicant]
Borsting et al. “Dinucleotides containing two allyl groups by combinations of allyl phosphotriesters, 5-allyl-, 2′-O-allyl- and 2′-arabino-O-allyl uridine derivatives as substrates for ring-closing metathesis” Tetrahedr…
[cited by applicant]
Braasch et al., “Locked nucleic acid (LNA): fine-tuning the recognition of DNA and RNA” Chem. Biol. (2001) 8:1-7.
[cited by applicant]
Brazma et al., “Gene expression data analysis” FEBS Letters (2000) 480:17-24.
[cited by applicant]
Burakova et al., “New Oligodeoxynucleotide Derivatives Containing N-(Sulfonyl)-Phosphoramide Groups” Russian J of Bioorg Chem (2019) 45: 662-668.
[cited by applicant]
Carulli et al., “High Throughput Analysis of Differential Gene Expression” J. Cell. Biochem. Suppl. (1998) 30:286-296.
[cited by applicant]
Celis et al., “Gene expression profiling: monitoring transcription and translation products using DNA microarrays and proteomics” FEBS Lett (2000) 480:2-16.
[cited by applicant]
Chappell et al., “Mechanisms of palmitic acid-conjugated antisense oligonucleotide distribution in mice” Nucleic Acids Res (2020) 48(8): 4382-4395.
[cited by applicant]
Chelobanov et al., “New Oligodeoxynucleotide Derivatives Containing N-(Methanesulfonyl)-Phosphoramidate (Mesyl Phosphoramidate) Internucleotide Group” Russain J Bioorg Chem (2017) 43: 664-668.
[cited by applicant]
Chiang et al., “Antisense Oligonucleotides Inhibit Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 Expression by Two Distinct Mechanisms” J. Biol. Chem. (1991) 266:18162-18171.
[cited by applicant]
Conte et al. “Conformational properties and thermodynamics of the RNA duplex r(CGCAAAUUUGCG)2: comparison with the DNA analogue d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2” Nucleic Acids Research (1997) 25: 2627-2634.
[cited by applicant]
Crooke et al., “Pharmacokinetic Properties of Several Novel Oligonucleotide Analogs in mice” J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1996) 277(2):923-937.
[cited by applicant]
Dupouy et al., “Watson-Crick Base-Pairing Properties of Nucleic Acid Analogues with Stereocontrolled α and β Torsion Angles (α,β-D-CNAs)” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. (2014) 45: 3623-3627.
[cited by applicant]
Dupouy et al., “Synthesis and Structure of Dinucleotides with S-Type Sugar Puckering and Noncanonical ϵ and ζ Torsion Angle Combination” Eur. J. Org. Chem.., 2008, 1285-1294.
[cited by applicant]
Dupouy et al., “Synthesis and Structure of Dinucleotides Featuring Canonical and Non-canonical A-Type Duplex α, β and δ Torsion Angle Combinations (LNA/α,β-D-CAN)” Eur. J. Org. Chem. (2007) 5256-5264.
[cited by applicant]
Egli et al., “Probing the Influence of Stereoelectronic Effects on the Biophysical Properties of Oligonucleotides: Comprehensive Analysis of the RNA Affinity, Nuclease Resistance, and Crystal Structure of Ten 2′-O-Ribon…
[cited by applicant]
Elayadi et al., “Application of PNA and LNA oligomers to chemotherapy” Curr. Opinion Invens. Drugs (2001) 2:558-561.
[cited by applicant]
Elbashir, “Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells” Nature (2001) 411:494-498.
[cited by applicant]
Elbashir, “RNA interference is mediated by 21- and 22-nucleotide RNAs” Genes & Devel. (2001) 15:188-200.
[cited by applicant]
Englisch et al., “Chemically Modified Oligonucleotides as Probes and Inhibitors” Agnew Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. (1991) 30:613-629.
[cited by applicant]
Fire et al., “Potent and Specific Genetic Interference by Double-Stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis Elegans” Nature (1998) 391:806-811.
[cited by applicant]
Freier et al., “The ups and downs of nucleic acid duplex stability: structure-stability studies on chemically-modified DNA:RNA duplexes” Nucleic Acids Research (1997) 25(22):4429-4443.
[cited by applicant]
Frieden et al., “Expanding the design horizon of antisense oligonucleotides with alpha-L-LNA” Nucleic Acids Research (2003) 31(21):6365-6372.
[cited by applicant]
Fuchs et al., “Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes by Mutually Subtracted RNA Fingerprinting” Anal. Biochem. (2000) 286:91-98.
[cited by applicant]
Gait et al., “Application of chemically synthesized RNA” RNA: Protein Interactions (1998) 1-36.
[cited by applicant]
Gait, “Oligoribonucleotides” Antisense Research and Applications (1993), CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 289-301.
[cited by applicant]
Gallo et al., “2′-C-Methyluridine Phosphoramidite: A New Building Block for the Preparation of RNA Analogues Carrying the 2′-Dydroxyl Group” Tetrahedron (2001) 57: 5707-5713.
[cited by applicant]
Going et al., “Molecular Pathology and Future Developments” Eur. J. Cancer (1999) 35:1895-1904.
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report for PCT/US20/046561 dated Dec. 31, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Jungblut et al., “Proteomics in human disease: Cancer, heart and infections diseases” Electrophoresis (1999) 20:2100-2110.
[cited by applicant]
Jurecic et al., “Long-distance DD-PCR and cDNA microarrays” Curr. Opin. Microbiol. (2000) 3:316-321.
[cited by applicant]
Kabanov et al., “A new class of antivirals: antisense oligonucleotides combined with a hydrophobic substituent effectively inhibit influenza virus reproduction and synthesis of virus-specific proteins in MDCK cells” FEB…
[cited by applicant]
Koshkin et al., “LNA (locked nucleic acids): Synthesis of the adenine, cytosine, guanine, 5-methylcytosine, thymine and uracil bicyclonucleoside monomers, oligomerisation, and unprecedented nucleic acid recognition” Tet…
[cited by applicant]
Kroschwitz, “Polynucleotides” Concise Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering (1990) John Wiley & Sons, NY pp. 858-859.
[cited by applicant]
Kumar et al., “The first analogues of LNA (locked nucleic acids): phosphorothioate-LNA and 2′-thio-LNA” Bioorg Med Chem Lett. (1998) 8:2219-2222.
[cited by applicant]
Larson et al., “Rapid DNA Fingerprinting of Pathogens by Flow Cytometry” Cytometry (2000) 41:203-208.
[cited by applicant]
Larsson et al., “High-throughput protein expression of cDNA products as a tool in functional genomics” J. Biotech. (2000) 80:143-157.
[cited by applicant]
Letsinger et al., “Cholesteryl-conjugated oligonucleotides: Synthesis, properties, and activity as inhibitors of replication of human immunodeficiency virus in cell culture” PNAS (1989) 86:6553-6556.
[cited by applicant]
Lesnik et al. “Relative Thermodynamic Stability of DNA, RNA, and DNA:RNA Hybrid Duplexes: Relationship with Base Composition and Structure” Biochemistry (1995) 34: 10807-10815.
[cited by applicant]
Leumann et al., “DNA Analogues: From Supramolecular Principles to Biological Properties” Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry (2002) 10:841-854.
[cited by applicant]
Madden et al., “Serial analysis of gene expression: from gene discovery to target identification” DDT (2000) 5:415-425.
[cited by applicant]
Manoharan et al., “Chemical Modifications to Improve Uptake and Bioavailability of Antisense Oligonucleotides” Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. (1992) 660: 306-309.
[cited by applicant]
Manoharan et al., “Introduction of a Lipophilic Thioether Tether in the Minor Groove of Nucleic Acids for Antisense Applications” Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. (1993) 3(12):2765-2770.
[cited by applicant]
Manoharan et al., “Cholic Acid-Oligonucleotide Conjugates for Antisense Applications” Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. (1994) 4:1053-1060.
[cited by applicant]
Manoharan et al., “Oligonucleotide Conjugates: Alteration of the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antisense Agents” Nucleosides & Nucleotides (1995) 14(3-5): 969-973.
[cited by applicant]
Manoharan et al., “Lipidic Nucleic Acids” Tetrahedron Lett. (1995) 36(21):3651-3654.
[cited by applicant]
Manoharan et al. “Oligonucleotide Conjugates as Potential Antisense Drugs with Improved Uptake, Biodistribution, Targeted Delivery, and Mechanism of Action” Antisense & Nucleic Acid Drug Development (2002) 12:103-128.
[cited by applicant]
Martin et al. “A New Access to 2′O-Alkylated Ribonucleosides and Properties of 2′-O-Alkylated Oligoribonucleotides” Helvetica Chimica Acta (1995) 78: 486-504.
[cited by applicant]
Martinez et al., “α,β-D-constrained nucleic acids are strong terminators of thermostable DNA polymerases in polymerase chain reaction” PLoS One (2011) 6: e25510.
[cited by applicant]
Miroshnichenko et al., “Mesyl phosphoramidate antisense oligonucleotides as an alternative to phosphorothioates with improved biochemical and biological properties” PNAS (2019) 116: 1229-1234.
[cited by applicant]
Mishra et al., “Improved leishmanicidal effect of phosphorotioate antisense oligonucleotides by LDL-mediated delivery” Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1995) 1264:229-237.
[cited by applicant]
Miura et al., “Fluorometric determination of total mRNA with oligo(dT) immobilized on microtiter plates” Clin. Chem. (1996) 42:1758-1764.
[cited by applicant]
Montgomery et al., “RNA as a target of double-stranded RNA-mediated genetic interference in Caenorhabditis elegans” Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. (1998) 95:15502-7.
[cited by applicant]
Nishikura et al., “A Short Primer on RNAi: RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase Acts as a Key Catalyst” Cell (2001) 107:415-418.
[cited by applicant]
Oberhauser et al., “Effective incorporation of 2′-O-methyl-oligoribonucleotides into liposomes and enhanced cell association through modifications with thiocholesterol” Nucl. Acids Res. (1992) 20(3):533-538.
[cited by applicant]
Orum et al., “Locked nucleic acids: A promising molecular family for gene-function analysis and antisense drug development” Curr. Opinion Mol. Ther. (2001) 3:239-243.
[cited by applicant]
Ostergaard et al., “Differential effects on allele selective silencing of mutant huntingtin by two stereoisomers of α,β-constrained nucleic acid” ACS Chem. Biol. (2014) 9: 1975-1979.
[cited by applicant]
Patutina et al., “Mesyl phosphoramidate backbone modified antisense oligonucleotides targeting niR-21 with enhanced in vivo therapeutic potency” PNAS (2020) 117: 32370-32379.
[cited by applicant]
Prashar et al., “READS: A Method for Display of 3′-End Fragment of Restriction Enzyme-Digested cDNAs for Analysis of Differential Gene Expression” Methods Enzymol. (1999) 303:258-272.
[cited by applicant]
Pubchem, Substance Record for SID 136357381, Modify Date: Oct. 9, 2015 [retrieved on Oct. 19, 2020] from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/136357381 : entire document.
[cited by applicant]
Pubchem, Substance Record for SID 57553290, Available Date: Apr. 13, 2009 [retrieved on Oct. 19, 2020] from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/57553290 : entire document.
[cited by applicant]
Saison-Behmoaras et al., “Short modified antisense oligonucleotides directed against Ha-ras point mutation induce selective cleavage of the mRNA and inhibit T24 cells proliferation” EMBO J. (1991) 10(5):1111-1118.
[cited by applicant]
Sanghvi, Chapter 15, Antisense Research and Applications, Crooke and Lebleu ed., CRC Press (1993).
[cited by applicant]
Scaringe, “RNA Oligonucleotide Synthesis via 5′-Silyl-2′-Orthoester Chemistry” Methods (2001) 23:206-217.
[cited by applicant]
Searle et al. “On the stability of nucleic acid structures in solution: enthalpy—entropy compensations, internal rotations and reversability” Nucleic Acids Research (1993) 21: 2051-2056.
[cited by applicant]
Shea et al., “Synthesis, hybridization properties and antiviral activity of lipid-oligodeoxynucleotide conjugates” Nucl. Acids Res. (1990) 18(13):3777-3783.
[cited by applicant]
Singh et al., “LNA (locked nucleic acids): synthesis and high-affinity nucleic acid recognition” Chem. Commun. (1998) 455-456.
[cited by applicant]
Singh et al., “Synthesis of 2′-amino-LNA: A novel conformationally restricted high-affinity oligonucleotide analogue with a handle” J. Org. Chem. (1998) 63: 10035-10039.
[cited by applicant]
Singh et al. “Synthesis of Novel Bicyclo[2.2.1] Ribonucleosides: 2′-Amino- and 2′-Thio-LNA Monomeric Nucleosides” J Org Chem (1998) 63: 6078-6079.
[cited by applicant]
Srivastava et al., “Five- and Six-Membered Conformationally Locked 2′,4′-Carbocyclic ribo-Thymidines: Synthesis, Structure, and Biochemical Studies” J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2007) 129(26):8362-8379.
[cited by applicant]
Sutcliffe et al., “TOGA: An automated parsing technology for analyzing expression of nearly all genes” PNAS (2000) 97:1976-1981.
[cited by applicant]
Svinarchuk et al., “Inhibition of HIV proliferation in MT-4 cells by antisense oligonucleotide conjugated to lipophilic groups” Biochimie (1993) 75:49-54.
[cited by applicant]
Tabara et al., “RNAi in C. elegans: Soaking in the Genome Sequence” Science (1998) 282:430-431.
[cited by applicant]
Tijsterman et al., “RNA hellcase MUT-14-dependent gene silencing triggered in C. elegans by short antisense RNAs” Science (2002) 295:694-7.
[cited by applicant]
Timmons et al., “Ingestion of bacterially expressed dsRNAs can produce specific and potent genetic interference in Caenorhabditis Elegans” Gene (2001) 263:103-112.
[cited by applicant]
Timmons et al., “Specific Interference by Ingested dsRNA” Nature (1998) 395:854.
[cited by applicant]
To, “Identification of Differential Gene Expression by High Throughput Analysis” Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen (2000) 3:235-241.
[cited by applicant]
Tuschl et al., “Targeted mRNA degradation by double-stranded RNA in vitro” Genes Dev. (1999) 13:3191-7.
[cited by applicant]
Wahlestedt et al., “Potent and nontoxic antisense oligonucleotide containing locked nucleic acids” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2000) 97: 5633-5638.
[cited by applicant]
Wouters et al., “5-Substituted Pyrimidine 1,5-Anhydrohexitols: Conformational Analysis and Interaction with Viral Thymidine Kinase” Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. (1999) 9:1563-1566.
[cited by applicant]
Zamecnik et al., “Inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus replication and cell transformation by a specific oligodeoxynucleotide” PNAS (1978) 75:280-284.
[cited by applicant]
Zhang et al., “PowerBLAST: A New Network BLAST Application for Interactive or Automated Sequence Analysis and Annotation” Genome Res. (1997) 7:649-656.
[cited by applicant]
Zhou et al., “Double sugar and phosphate backbone-constrained nucleotides: synthesis, structure, stability and their incorporation into oligodeoxynucleotides” J. Org. Chem. (2009) 74(1):3248-3265.
[cited by applicant]
Zhou et al., “Fine Tuning of Electrostatics around the Internucleotidic Phosphate through Incorporation of Modified 2′,4′-Carbocyclic-LNAs and -ENAs Leads to Significant Modulation of Antisense Properties” J. Org. Chem.…
[cited by applicant]
Su et al., “Neutral and Negatively Charged Phosphate Modifications Altering Thermal Stability, Kinetics of Formation and Monovalent Ion Dependence of DNA G-Quadruplexes,” Chem Asian J, (2019) 14:1212-1220.
[cited by applicant]
Derzhalova et al., “Novel Lipid-Oligonucleotide Conjugates Containing Long-Chain Sulfonyl Phosphoramidate Groups: Synthesis and Biological Properties,” Applied Sciences (2021) 11: 1174.
[cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report and European Search Opinion for European Application No. 20853270.5, dated Sep. 25, 2023, (75 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report issued in European Application No. 22753422.9, dated Feb. 13, 2025, (11 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Glazier et al., “Chemical Synthesis and Biological Application of Modified Oligonucleotides” Bioconjug Cehm (2020) 31: 1213-1233.
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US22/075073 dated Nov. 7, 2022, (10 pages).
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US22/016143 dated Jul. 1, 2022, (15 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Ostanin et al., “Phosphate-modif ied CpG oligonucleotides induce in vitro maturation of human myeloid dendritic cells” Vaviloskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii (2020) 24: 653-660.
[cited by applicant]
Prakash, TP, “Exploring Chemical Space for Improving Properties of RNA Therapeutics” Presentation for OPT Congress in Boston MA (Mar. 15-16, 2022).
[cited by applicant]
Prokhorova et al. “New oligodeoxyribonucleotide derivatives bearing internucleotideN-tosyl phosphoramidate groups: Synthesis and complementary binding to DNA and RNA”, Russian Journal of BioOrganic Chemistry (2017) 43 (…
[cited by applicant]
Seth, P., “Redefining the chemical space for nucleic acid therapeutics” Presentation at TIDES Boston MA, (Sep. 20-23, 2021).
[cited by applicant]
Su et al., “DNA with zwitterionic and negatively charged phosphate modifications: Formation of DNA triplexes, duplexes and cell uptake studies,” Beilstein J Org Chem, 2021, 17:749-761. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.17.65. eCollecti…
[cited by applicant]
Zhang et al., “The Combination of Mesyl-Phosphoramidate Inter-Nucleotide Linkages and 2′-O-Methyl in Selected Positions in the Antisense Oligonucleotide Enhances the Performance of RNaseH1 Active PS-ASOs” Nucleic Acid T…
[cited by applicant]