Low rolling resistance conveyor belt
An article such as a conveyor belt includes an elastomeric composition containing high-aspect ratio nanofibers having a diameter in a range from 10 nm to 1,000 nm, and an aspect ratio in a range from 500 to 15,000. The nanofibers may enable a reduction in the total amount of all reinforcing agent(s) in the composition while providing suitable mechanical properties, which, in turn, reduces average rolling resistance of the elastomeric composition. This makes the elastomeric composition particularly suitable for a bottom cover layer of a conveyor belt.
1 . A conveyor belt comprising:
a top cover layer,
a bottom cover layer, and
a reinforcement layer between the top and bottom cover layers,
wherein at least the bottom cover layer is formed from an elastomeric composition containing high aspect ratio nanofibers having a diameter in a range from 10 nm to 1,000 nm, and an aspect ratio in a range from 500 to 15,000.
2 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers are present in the elastomeric composition in a total amount from 1 phr to 10 phr.
3 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers are present in the elastomeric composition in a total amount from 1 phr to 5 phr.
4 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers serve as a first reinforcing agent of the elastomeric composition, the elastomeric composition further comprising one or more additional reinforcing agent(s); wherein a total amount of all reinforcing agents in the composition, including the high aspect ratio nanofibers and the one or more additional reinforcing agent(s), is present in a range from 30 phr to 60 phr.
5 . The conveyor belt according to claim 4 , wherein a total amount of all of the one or more additional reinforcing agent(s) in the composition is present in the elastomeric composition in a range from 30 phr to 45 phr.
6 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more additional reinforcing agent(s) is one or more type(s) of carbon black having an N 2 surface area from 40 m 2 /g to 99 m 2 /g according to ASTM D3037.
7 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composition comprises at least two base elastomers including (i) one or more polybutadiene elastomers and (ii) one or more natural rubber(s) and/or one or more polyisoprene elastomer(s), wherein the two or more base elastomers constitute at least 90% by weight of the base elastomers of the elastomeric composition.
8 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers have a length in a range from 0.25 mm to 5 mm.
9 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers have a diameter in a range from 100 nm to 1,000 nm.
10 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers have an aspect ratio in a range from 500 to 2,500.
11 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers are derived from conjugate fibers dispersed in the elastomeric composition, the conjugate fibers having a sea-island fiber morphology in which, for each conjugate fiber, the nanofibers form islands within a sea of polymeric material.
12 . The conveyor belt according to claim 11 , wherein a mass ratio of the fibers forming the islands to the polymeric material forming the sea to is in a range from 60:40 to 95:5.
13 . The conveyor belt according to claim 11 , wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers are formed from one or more of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (nylon 6, nylon 6,6), and naturally-derived (e.g., cellulose-based) material.
14 . The conveyor belt according to claim 11 , wherein the polymeric material forming the sea is thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyamide.
15 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of modulus at 25% measured parallel to an orientation of the nanofibers (modulus at 25% with fiber) relative to modulus at 25% measured perpendicular to an orientation of the nanofibers (modulus at 25% against fiber), as measured according to ASTM D412, is in a range from 1.0 to 2.0.
16 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is devoid of silica; and/or wherein the composition is devoid of dispersed reinforcing fibers having a diameter of greater than 1 mm.
17 . The conveyor belt according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composition is formed only on the bottom cover layer of the conveyor belt, the top cover layer being formed of a different elastomeric composition.
18 . An article comprising an elastomeric body formed from an elastomeric composition comprising:
two or more base elastomers including at least (i) one or more polybutadiene elastomers and (ii) one or more natural rubber(s) and/or one or more polyisoprene elastomer(s), wherein the two or more base elastomers altogether constitute at least 90 phr of the base elastomers of the elastomeric composition;
one or more types of high aspect ratio nanofibers serving as a first reinforcing agent of the elastomeric composition, the one or more types of high aspect ratio nanofibers having a diameter in a range from 100 nm to less than 1,000 nm and an aspect ratio in a range from 500 to 2,500, the one or more types of high aspect ratio nanofibers being present in the elastomeric composition in a range from 1 phr to 5 phr; wherein the high aspect ratio nanofibers are derived from conjugate fibers dispersed in the elastomeric composition, the conjugate fibers having a sea-island fiber morphology in which, for each conjugate fiber, the nanofibers form islands within a sea of thermoplastic polymeric material, and wherein a mass ratio of the fibers forming the islands to the thermoplastic polymeric material forming the sea is in a range from 60:40 to 75:25;
one or more additional reinforcing agent(s), wherein a total amount of all reinforcing agents in the composition, including the high aspect ratio nanofibers and the one or more additional reinforcing agent(s), is present in a range from 30 phr to 50 phr;
wherein a ratio of modulus at 25% measured parallel to an orientation of the nanofibers relative to modulus at 25% measured perpendicular to an orientation of the nanofibers, as measured according to ASTM D412, is in a range from 1.0 to 2.0.
19 . The article according to claim 18 , wherein the elastomeric composition is devoid of silica, devoid of any other type of fiber except the one or more types of high aspect ratio nanofibers, and is devoid of any plasticizer oil; and
wherein the one or more additional reinforcing agent(s) consists of one or more types of carbon black(s).