Frequency balancing by power supply units
A method for providing frequency balancing in a power network grid by an RBS of a radio communication network. The RBS includes one or more power supply units, PSUs, connected to the power network grid. The method includes detecting a deviation of a power network grid frequency measured in a PSU of the one or more PSUs, the power network grid frequency is measured upstream of a power factor correction, PFC, unit of the PSU, deactivating the one or more PSU in response to the detected deviation, determining one or more further PSU to be deactivated based on the detected deviation, the RBS is in a first frequency containment reserve, FCR, zone and the one or more further PSU are in a second FCR zone, other than the first FCR zone, and sending a deactivation indication to the determined one or more further PSU.
1 . A method for providing frequency balancing in a power network grid using radio base stations (RBSs) in a radio access network (RAN), the RBSs connected to the power network grid and comprising one or more power supply units (PSUs), the method comprising:
detecting a deviation of a power network grid frequency measured in a power supply unit (PSU) of the one or more PSUs in a first RBS, the power network grid frequency being measured upstream of a power factor correction (PFC) unit of the PSU;
deactivating the one or more PSUs of the first RBS in response to the detected deviation, to stop the first RBS from drawing power from the power network grid;
determining one or more further PSUs of a second RBS to be deactivated based on the detected deviation, the first RBS being located in a first frequency containment reserve (FCR) zone and the one or more further PSUs of the second RBS being located in a second FCR zone, other than the first FCR zone; and
sending a deactivation indication to the determined one or more further PSUs of the second RBS.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
configuring each RBS in the one or more FCR areas of the RAN with a service layer agreement (SLA) from a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system to enable signalling between the SCADA system, the RAN and the RBSs in each FCR zone.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
negotiating FCR control for the RBS with the SCADA system for the power network grid.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more further PSUs are determined based on grid frequencies measured in the one or more further PSUs.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
detecting a return to a normal grid frequency of the power network grid frequency measured in the PSU, wherein the power network grid frequency is measured upstream of a PFC unit of the PSU; and
determining which of the deactivated PSUs to activate based on grid frequencies measured in the deactivated PSUs.
6 . The method according to claim 5 , wherein the determination to activate comprises a condition whether to charge a backup battery or not.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the deactivation indication is sent from the first FCR zone to the second FCR zone via an X2 interface.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the deactivation is performed within 200 ms of the detection when the frequency deviation is measured to be at least 0.06 Hz/s.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the RBS is powered by a three-phase power via one or more PSU per phase.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the RBS comprises a battery backup configured to supply the RBS with power when the one or more PSUs are deactivated.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising predicting future FCR activations for at least one of RBSs and datacentre infrastructure by machine learning, and initiating chain control for FCR zoning and FCR activations via an S1 and an X2 interface.
12 . A method for providing frequency balancing in a power network grid using radio base stations (RBSs) in a radio access network (RAN), the radio base station (RBS) comprising one or more power supply units (PSUs) connected to the power network grid, the method comprising:
detecting a deviation of a power network grid frequency measured in a power supply unit (PSU) of an RBS, the power network grid frequency being measured upstream of a power factor correction (PFC) unit of the PSU;
deactivating the PSU of the RBS in response to the detected deviation, to stop the PSU from drawing power from the power network grid;
determining one or more further PSUs of another RBS to be deactivated based on the detected deviation, the PSU of the RBS being located in a first frequency containment reserve (FCR) zone and the one or more further PSUs located in a second FCR zone, other than the first FCR zone; and
sending a deactivation indication to the determined one or more further PSUs of the another RBS.
13 . The method according to claim 12 , further comprising:
configuring the one or more PSUs of the RBSs with a service layer agreement (SLA) from a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system to enable signalling between the SCADA system, the RAN and the RBSs in the FCR zones.
14 . The method according to claim 12 , further comprising:
negotiating FCR control for the PSU with the SCADA system for the power network grid.
15 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein the one or more further PSUs are determined based on grid frequencies measured in the one or more further PSUs.
16 . The method according to claim 12 , further comprising:
detecting a return to a normal grid frequency of the power network grid frequency measured in the PSU, wherein the power network grid frequency is measured upstream of a PFC unit of the PSU;
determining which of the deactivated PSUs to activate based on grid frequencies measured in the deactivated PSUs.
17 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein the deactivation is performed within 200 ms of the detection when the frequency deviation is measured to be at least 0.06 Hz/s.
18 . The method according to claim 12 , further comprising predicting future FCR activations for at least one of RBSs and datacentre infrastructure by machine learning, and initiating chain control for FCR zoning and FCR activations via an S1 and an X2 interface.
19 . A radio base station (RBS) in a radio access network (RAN) for use in frequency balancing in a power network grid, the RBS comprising one or more power supply units (PSUs) connected to the power network grid, the one or more PSUs comprising:
a processing circuitry; and
a computer program product storing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, causes the one or more PSUs to:
detect a deviation of a power network grid frequency measured in a PSU of the one or more PSUs of the RBS, the power network grid frequency being measured upstream of a power factor correction (PFC) unit of the PSU;
deactivate the one or more PSUs of the RBS in response to the detected deviation, to stop the RBS from drawing power from the power network grid;
determine one or more further PSUs of another RBS to be deactivated based on the detected deviation, the RBS being located in a first frequency containment reserve (FCR) zone and the one or more further PSUs of another RBS being located in a second FCR zone, other than the first FCR zone; and
send a deactivation indication to the determined one or more further PSUs of the another RBS in the second FCR zone.
20 . A power supply unit (PSU) of a radio base station (RBS) for use in frequency balancing in a power network grid of a radio access network (RAN), the PSU being connected to the power network grid, the PSU comprising:
a processing circuitry; and
a computer program product storing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, causes the PSU to:
detect a deviation of a power network grid frequency measured in the PSU, the power network grid frequency being measured upstream of a power factor correction (PFC) unit of the PSU;
deactivate the PSU in response to the detected deviation, to stop the PSU from drawing power from the power network grid;
determine one or more further power supply units (PSUs) of another RBS to be deactivated based on the detected deviation, the PSU of the RBS being located in a first frequency containment reserve (FCR) zone and the one or more further PSUs of the another RBS being located in a second FCR zone, other than the first FCR zone; and
send a deactivation indication to the determined one or more further PSUs of the another RBS located in the second FCR zone.