Systems and methods for instant NFTs and protection structure, detection of malicious code within blockchain smart contracts, tokens with transfer limitations, mirror tokens and parallel addresses, smart contract risk scoring method, and cross-device digital rights management
Non-fungible token (NFT) platforms in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are described. In an embodiment of the NFT platform includes generating an instant NFT that includes data, at least one record, and a first timestamp, where the instant NFT is privately maintained and not publicly accessible; determine a modification to the at least one record associated with the instant NFT to generate several records associated with the instant NFT, where the modification is indicative of a transaction associated with the instant NFT; protect the instant NFT and the modification to the at least one record associated with the instant NFT, where the modification to the at least one record is associated with a second timestamp; detect an indication to mint the instant NFT as an NFT; and mint the instant NFT as an NFT on a public blockchain.
1 . A non-fungible token (NFT) platform for processing tokens in a distributed computing environment, comprising:
a network interface;
a memory comprising instructions; and
at least one processor executing the instructions on at least one computing unit in a distributed computing environment, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
obtain a token, wherein:
the token is associated with at least one smart contract; and
the at least one smart contract has executable instructions;
access records, corresponding to a blockchain, that are associated with the at least one smart contract, using the network interface;
copy at least a portion of the blockchain, corresponding to the records, into a sandbox environment in the memory;
execute the at least one smart contract, with the portion of the blockchain, wherein:
executing the at least one smart contract with the portion of the blockchain involves:
making, using the at least one smart contract, a request to add an event record to a virtual block, associated with the portion of the blockchain; and
identifying any abuse attempts associated with making the request; and
a given abuse attempt is selected from the group consisting of: the given smart contract trying to break out of the sandbox environment; the given smart contract trying to access a signature private key associated with the token; and the event record concerning a transfer of ownership that is determined to be anomalous and/or not to fulfill a transfer policy;
generate, based on at least one of a number or a magnitude of the abuse attempts associated with making the request, and assessed in the sandbox environment, a risk score corresponding to the at least one smart contract; and
perform a security action based on the risk score exceeding a threshold, wherein the security action is selected from the group consisting of: blocking the token from being accessed by a digital wallet, blocking an action taken by the at least one smart contract, blocking access to the at least one smart contract, notifying a user of a risk associated with the token, allowing the at least one smart contract to be additionally evaluated by the digital wallet, and notifying a third party of the risk.
2 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , wherein generating the risk score comprises analyzing data obtained from a plurality of additional sources, wherein the plurality of additional sources comprise different digital wallets that have executed the at least one smart contract.
3 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , wherein generating the risk score is done utilizing ratings provided by a certified trusted entity based on the at least one of the number or the magnitude of the abuse attempts.
4 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , wherein generating the risk score comprises generating a plurality of risk scores.
5 . The NFT platform of claim 4 , wherein:
each risk score of the plurality of risk scores is associated with one of a plurality of different dimensions;
a first dimension of the plurality of different dimensions indicates a level of risk associated with the at least one smart contract, and
a second dimension of the plurality of different dimensions indicates a certainty value corresponding to the level of risk.
6 . The NFT platform of claim 4 , wherein each risk score of the plurality of risk scores is associated with a rule of a plurality of individual rules in the at least one smart contract.
7 . The NFT platform of claim 4 , wherein, when the records do not exist, the at least one processor weights a first risk score of the plurality of risk scores with a null value.
8 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , further comprising generating an entry in the blockchain, wherein the entry comprises a reference to the at least one smart contract and the risk score.
9 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , further comprising generating the risk score based on an identity of a creator of the at least one smart contract, wherein the identity is digitally signed.
10 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , wherein the blockchain is accessed by a wallet of a user.
11 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , wherein generating the risk score comprises determining a number of times the at least one smart contract has been evaluated.
12 . The NFT platform of claim 1 , wherein the records comprise a component of a replacement smart contract, having different executable instructions, to be utilized instead of the at least one smart contract.
13 . The NFT platform of claim 12 , wherein the replacement smart contract is digitally signed.
14 . The NFT platform of claim 12 , wherein the replacement smart contract comprises a patch.
15 . The NFT platform of claim 12 , wherein the replacement smart contract comprises a reference to an external resource used for executing at least a portion of the at least one smart contract.
16 . A method for determining a risk associated with a token, comprising:
obtaining a token, wherein:
the token is associated with at least one smart contract; and
the at least one smart contract has executable instructions;
accessing records, corresponding to a blockchain, that are associated with the at least one smart contract;
copying at least a portion of the blockchain, corresponding to the records, into a sandbox environment;
executing the at least one smart contract, with the portion of the blockchain, wherein:
executing the at least one smart contract with the portion of the blockchain involves:
making, using the at least one smart contract, a request to add an event record to a virtual block, associated with the portion of the blockchain; and
identifying any abuse attempts associated with making the request; and
a given abuse attempt is selected from the group consisting of: the given smart contract trying to break out of the sandbox environment; the given smart contract trying to access a signature private key associated with the token; and the event record concerning a transfer of ownership that is determined to be anomalous and/or not to fulfill a transfer policy;
generating, based on at least one of a number or a magnitude of the abuse attempts associated with making the request, and assessed in the sandbox environment, a risk score corresponding to the at least one smart contract; and
performing a security action based on the risk score exceeding a threshold, wherein the security action is selected from the group consisting of: blocking the token from being accessed by a digital wallet, blocking an action taken by the at least one smart contract, blocking access to the at least one smart contract, notifying a user of a risk associated with the token, allowing the at least one smart contract to be additionally evaluated by the digital wallet, and notifying a third party of the risk.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein generating the risk score comprises analyzing data obtained from a plurality of additional sources, wherein the plurality of additional sources comprises different digital wallets that have executed the at least one smart contract.
18 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the risk score is generated utilizing ratings provided by a certified trusted entity based on the at least one of the number or the magnitude of the abuse attempts.
19 . The method of claim 16 , wherein:
the risk score is one of a plurality of risk scores corresponding to the token;
each risk score of the plurality of risk scores is associated with one of a plurality of different dimensions;
a first dimension of the plurality of different dimensions indicates a level of risk associated with the at least one smart contract, and
a second dimension of the plurality of different dimensions indicates a certainty value corresponding to the level of risk.
20 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed, are configured to cause a processor to perform a risk evaluation method, the risk evaluation method comprising:
obtaining a token, wherein:
the token is associated with at least one smart contract; and
the at least one smart contract has executable instructions;
accessing records, corresponding to a blockchain, that are associated with the at least one smart contract;
copying at least a portion of the blockchain, corresponding to the records, into a sandbox environment;
executing the at least one smart contract, with the portion of the blockchain, wherein executing the at least one smart contract with the portion of the blockchain involves:
making, using the at least one smart contract, a request to add an event record to a virtual block, associated with the portion of the blockchain; and
identifying any abuse attempts associated with making the request; and
a given abuse attempt is selected from the group consisting of: the given smart contract trying to break out of the sandbox environment; the given smart contract trying to access a signature private key associated with the token; and the event record concerning a transfer of ownership that is determined to be anomalous and/or not to fulfill a transfer policy;
generating, based on at least one of a number or a magnitude of the abuse attempts associated with making the request, and assessed in the sandbox environment, a risk score corresponding to the at least one smart contract; and
performing a security action based on the risk score exceeding a threshold, wherein the security action is selected from the group consisting of: blocking the token from being accessed by a digital wallet, blocking an action taken by the at least one smart contract, blocking access to the at least one smart contract, notifying a user of a risk associated with the token, allowing the at least one smart contract to be additionally evaluated by the digital wallet, and notifying a third party of the risk.