Liquid crystalline compound, liquid crystal composition, and element
A compound is represented by Formula (1). For example, R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; L 1 is fluorine; L 2 is hydrogen; L 3 is fluorine; L 4 is methyl; Y 1 is hydrogen; Y 2 is hydrogen; and n is 0.
1 . A liquid crystalline compound, represented by Formula (1),
wherein in Formula (1),
R 1 is hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein, in the alkyl, at least one —CH 2 — may be substituted with —O— or —S—, at least one —(CH 2 ) 2 — may be substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, wherein at least one hydrogen in the alkyl may be substituted with halogen;
L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, or ethyl;
Y 1 and Y 2 are hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; and
n is 0 or 1,
with the proviso that when n is 0, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 are not selected such that any two of L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 are methyl and the remaining two are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, or ethyl.
2 . The liquid crystalline compound according to claim 1 , wherein the compound represented by Formula (1) is represented by any one of Formula (1-1) to Formula (1-18),
in Formula (1-1) to Formula (1-18),
R 1′ is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein, in the alkyl, at least one —CH 2 — may be substituted with —O— or —S—, at least one —(CH 2 ) 2 — may be substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, wherein at least one hydrogen in the alkyl may be substituted with halogen;
L 1′ is fluorine or methyl, and L 2′ is hydrogen, fluorine, or methyl; and
Y 1′ is hydrogen or fluorine,
with the proviso that in Formula (1-1) Formula (1-2), Formula (1-5), Formula (1-6), and Formula (1-9), L 1′ and L 2′ are not simultaneously methyl; and
with the proviso that in Formula (1-3), Formula (1-4), Formula (1-7), and Formula (1-8), L 1′ and L 2′ are not selected such that only one of L 1′ and L 2′ is methyl.
3 . A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one liquid crystalline compound according to claim 1 .
4 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , further comprising at least one compound selected from compounds represented by Formula (2) and Formula (3),
wherein in Formula (2) and Formula (3),
R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen, halogen, or linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein, in the linear alkyl, at least one —CH 2 — may be substituted with —O— or —S—, at least one —(CH 2 ) 2 — may be substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, wherein at least one hydrogen in the linear alkyl may be substituted with halogen;
L 21 , L 22 , L 23 , L 31 , L 32 , and L 33 are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, fluorinated alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or cycloalkyl having 3 to 5 carbon atoms; and
Y 21 , Y 31 , Y 32 , Y 33 , Y 34 , Y 35 and Y 36 are hydrogen or halogen.
5 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 4 , comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (2-1) to Formula (2-10) as the compound represented by Formula (2),
wherein in Formula (2-1) to Formula (2-10),
R 2′ is linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein, in the linear alkyl, at least one —(CH 2 ) 2 — may be substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—.
6 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 4 , comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3-1) to Formula (3-11) as the compound represented by Formula (3),
wherein in Formula (3-1) to Formula (3-11),
R 3′ is linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein in the linear alkyl, at least one —(CH 2 ) 2 — may be substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—; and
Y 35′ is hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine.
7 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 4 , wherein based on a weight of the liquid crystal composition, a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (1) is in a range from 5 weight % to 25 weight %, and a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (2) is in a range from 10 weight % to 55 weight %.
8 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 4 , wherein based on a weight of the liquid crystal composition, a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (1) is in a range from 5 weight % to 25 weight %, and a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (3) is in a range from 20 weight % to 50 weight %.
9 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 4 , wherein based on a weight of the liquid crystal composition, a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (1) is in a range from 5 weight % to 25 weight %, a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (2) is in a range from 10 weight % to 55 weight %, and a proportion of the compound represented by Formula (3) is in a range from 20 weight % to 50 weight %.
10 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , having a refractive index anisotropy at 25° C. at a wavelength of 589 nm of 0.40 or more.
11 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , having a dielectric anisotropy at 25° C. at a frequency of 1 kHz of 10 or more.
12 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , having a dielectric anisotropy of 1.0 to 3.0 at 25° C. in at least one frequency range from 1 GHz to 10 THz.
13 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , further comprising an optically active compound.
14 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , further comprising a polymerizable compound.
15 . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , further comprising at least one of an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, and a dichroic dye.
16 . An element comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 , the element being used for switching and capable of reversibly controlling a dielectric constant by reversibly changing an orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules.
17 . An element comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 and used for electromagnetic wave control in a frequency range from 1 GHz to 10 THz.
18 . A liquid crystal lens comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 .
19 . A birefringent lens for stereoscopic image display comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 .
20 . A light modulator comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 3 .