Electric circuit health indicator and efficiency improvement device and method
A circuit health, efficiency and capacity (CHEC) monitor for use in an electrical power distribution system including a control panel connected to a 3-phase power source and a plurality of loads is provided. The CHEC monitor includes: a power parameters measurement component structured to measure power parameters of a power bus connected to the control panel; a metrics value calculator structured to receive the measured power parameters and determine metric values of a plurality of metrics over first periodic intervals; a metrics average calculator structured to obtain an average for each metric value over a second periodic interval; a metrics normalizer structured to normalize the average for each metric value and obtain a normalized metric index for each metric; a CHEC Index selector structured to select a maximum metric index from the normalized metric indexes; and a CHEC Index indicator structured to provide a latest CHEC Index.
1 . A circuit health, efficiency and capacity (CHEC) monitor for use in an electrical power distribution system including a control panel connected to a 3-phase power source and a plurality of loads, the CHEC monitor comprising:
a power parameters measurement component structured to measure power parameters of a power bus electrically connected to the control panel;
a metrics value calculator electrically connected to the power parameters measurement component and structured to receive the measured power parameters and calculate metric values of a plurality of metrics over first periodic intervals;
a metrics average calculator electrically connected to the metrics value calculator and structured to obtain an average for each metric value over a second periodic interval;
a metrics normalizer electrically connected to the metrics value calculator and structured to normalize the average for each metric value and obtain a normalized metric index for each metric;
a CHEC Index selector electrically connected to the metrics normalizer and structured to select a maximum metric index from the normalized metric indexes as a latest CHEC Index; and
a CHEC Index indicator electrically connected to the CHEC Index selector and structured to provide the latest CHEC Index,
wherein the metric value calculator comprises a voltage unbalance determination component, a current unbalance determination component, an over-under voltage determination component, a capacity determination component, a power factor (PF) determination component, and a loading factor (LF) determination component,
wherein the over-under voltage determination component is structured to determine that the electrical power distribution system is operating at over voltage based on a determination that voltage applied is above average voltage and that the electrical power distribution system is operating at under voltage based on a determination that voltage applied is below the average voltage.
2 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , further comprising:
a weight applicator electrically connected to the metrics normalizer and the CHEC Index selector and structured to apply a weight to each normalized metric index and transmit the weighted normalized metric indexes to the CHEC Index selector.
3 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the power parameters measurement component comprises:
a sampler structured to obtain a plurality of current and voltage samples per cycle;
a root-mean-square (RMS) voltage calculator structured to calculate a per-phase and system RMS voltage;
an RMS current calculator structured to calculate a per-phase and system RMS current;
an RMS power calculator structured to calculate 3-phase real power (Watts) and apparent power (VA);
a voltage symmetrical components calculator structured to calculate positive-sequence and negative sequence symmetrical components for voltage; and
a current symmetrical components calculator structured to calculate positive sequence and negative sequence symmetrical components for current.
4 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the voltage unbalance determination component is structured to calculate a percentage of voltage unbalance as:
100
*
(
Voltage
negative
_
sequence
/
Voltage
positive
_
sequence
)
,
and
wherein the current unbalance determination component is structured to calculate a percentage of current unbalance as:
100
*
(
Current
negative
_
sequence
/
Current
positive
_
sequence
)
.
5 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the capacity determination component is structured to determine an overall capacity of the electrical power distribution system based on a ratio of averaged current to the rated current, wherein the PF determination component is structured to calculate a system PF as Watts/VA, and wherein the LF determination component is structured to determine an LF as an average VA divided by the maximum or peak VA over a 24-hour period.
6 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the metrics normalizer includes a voltage unbalance index calculator, a current unbalance index calculator, an over voltage index calculator, an under voltage index calculator, a capacity index calculator, a PF index calculator, a maximum LF updater and an LF index calculator.
7 . The CHEC monitor of claim 6 , wherein the voltage unbalance index calculator is structured to calculate:
Voltage Unblance Index=2*V Unbalance %, where 2 is a scale value and V Unbalance % is a percentage of voltage unbalance,
wherein the current unbalance index calculator is structured to calculate:
Current Unblance Index=0.5*I Unbalance %, where 0.5 is a scale value and I Unbalance % is a percentage of current unbalance,
wherein the over voltage index calculator is structured to calculate:
Over Voltage Index=3.3*max(V average −V nominal ,0), where 3.3 is a scale value, V average is an average voltage, and V nominal is a nominal voltage,
wherein the under voltage index calculator is structured to calculate:
Under Voltage Index=0.2*max(V nominal −V average , 0), where 0.2 is a scale value,
wherein the capacity index calculator is structured to calculate:
Capacity Index=3.75*(I average /I rated ), where 3.75 is a scale value, I average is an average current, and I rated is a rated current,
wherein the PF index calculator is structured to calculate:
PF Index=8*(1−PF average ), where 8 is a scale value and PF average is an average PF,
wherein the maximum LF updater is structured to update a 24-hour maximum VA from the latest 96 second periodic intervals, and
wherein the LF index calculator is structured to calculate:
LF Index=9*(1−LF) where LF=VA average /VA peak ), where 9 is a scale value, VA average is an average VA, and VA peak is a maximum or peak VA.
8 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the first periodic interval is a 200 ms interval and the second periodic interval is a 15 minute interval.
9 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the second periodic interval is of a duration in which a transient power quality event is resolved such that a user is not alerted about an already decayed or resolved transient power quality event during the second periodic interval.
10 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the CHEC Index selector is further structured to update the CHEC Index for every second periodic interval.
11 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the CHEC Index indicator provides the latest CHEC index on a display of the CHEC monitor and/or a display of a mobile user device communicatively coupled to the CHEC monitor.
12 . The CHEC monitor of claim 1 , wherein the CHEC Index indicator provides a user an immediate opportunity for optimizing capacities and maximizing efficiencies of circuits within the electrical power distribution system.
13 . A method of monitoring circuit health, efficiency and capacity (CHEC) of an electrical power distribution system including a control panel connected to a 3-phase power source and a plurality of loads, the method comprising:
measuring, by a power parameters measurement component, power parameters of a power bus electrically connected to the control panel;
receiving, by a metrics value calculator, the measured power parameters and calculating, by the metrics value calculator, metric values of a plurality of metrics over first periodic intervals;
obtaining, by a metrics average calculator, an average for each metric value over a second periodic interval;
normalizing, by a metrics normalizer, the average for each metric value and obtaining, by the metrics normalizer, a normalized metric index for each metric;
selecting, by a CHEC Index selector, a maximum metric index from the normalized metrics indexes as a latest CHEC Index; and
providing, by a CHEC Index indicator, the latest CHEC Index,
wherein the metric value calculator comprises a voltage unbalance determination component, a current unbalance determination component, an over-under voltage determination component, a capacity determination component, a power factor (PF) determination component, and a loading factor (LF) determination component,
wherein the over-under voltage determination component is structured to determine that the electrical power distribution system is operating at over voltage based on a determination that voltage applied is above average voltage and that the electrical power distribution system is operating at under voltage based on a determination that voltage applied is below the average voltage.
14 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
applying, by a weight applicator, a weight to each normalized metric index and transmitting, by the weight applicator, the weighted normalized metric index to the CHEC Index selector, wherein the weight is determined by a user.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein measuring, by the power parameters measurement component, power parameters comprises:
obtaining, by a sampler, a plurality of current and voltage samples per cycle;
calculating, by a root-mean-square (RMS) voltage calculator, a per-phase and system RMS voltage;
calculating, by an RMS current calculator, a per-phase and system RMS current;
calculating, by an RMS power calculator, 3-phase real power (Watts) and apparent power (VA);
calculating, by a voltage symmetrical components calculator, positive sequence and negative sequence symmetrical components for voltage; and
calculating, by a current symmetrical components calculator, positive sequence and negative sequence symmetrical components for current.
16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein calculating, by the metrics value calculator, metric values of a plurality of metrics over first periodic intervals comprises:
calculating, by the voltage unbalance determination component, a percentage of voltage unbalance as:
100
*
(
Voltage
negative
_
sequence
/
Voltage
positive
_
sequence
)
,
and
calculating, by the current unbalance determination component, a percentage of current unbalance as:
100
*
(
Current
negative
_
sequence
/
Current
positive
_
sequence
)
,
determining, by the capacity determination component, an overall capacity of the electrical power distribution system based on a ratio of averaged current to the rated current;
calculating, by the power factor (PF) determination component, a system PF as Watts/VA; and
determining, by the loading factor (LF) determination component, an LF as an average VA divided by the maximum or peak VA over a last 24-hour period.
17 . The method of claim 13 , wherein normalizing, by a metrics normalizer the average for each metric value and obtaining, by the metrics normalizer, a normalized metric index for each metric includes:
calculating, by a voltage unbalance index calculator:
Voltage Unblance Index=2*V Unbalance %, where 2 is a scale value and V Unbalance % is a percentage of voltage unbalance;
calculating, by a current unbalance index calculator:
Current Unblance Index=0.5*I Unbalance %, where 0.5 is a scale value and I Unbalance % is a percentage of current unbalance;
calculating, by an over voltage index calculator:
Over Voltage Index=3.3*max(V average −V nominal , 0), where 3.3 is a scale value, V average is an average voltage, and V nominal is a nominal voltage:
Under Voltage Index=0.2*max(V nominal −V average , 0), where 0.2 is a scale value;
calculating, by a capacity index calculator:
Capacity Index=3.75*(I average /I rated ), where 3.75 is a scale value, I average is an average current, and I rated is a rated current;
calculating, by a PF index calculator:
PF Index=8*(1−PF average ), where 8 is a scale value and PF average is an average PF;
updating, by a maximum LF updater, the 24-hour maximum VA from the latest 96 second periodic intervals, and
calculating, by an LF index calculator:
LF Index=9*(1−LF) where LF=VA average /VA peak ), where 9 is a scale value, VA average is an average VA, and VA peak is a maximum or peak VA.
18 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the CHEC Index indicator provides a user an immediate opportunity for optimizing capacities and maximizing efficiencies of circuits within the electrical power distribution system.