Intracardiac echocardiography catheters, systems, and methods of use and manufacture
The present technology includes intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) systems and methods for enabling physicians to visualize heart anatomy and structure from within a patient's heart. For example, some embodiments described herein include ICE catheters with constructions for improved performance and ease of use. As another example, some embodiments described herein include ICE ultrasound assemblies expected to improve the imaging abilities of ICE systems, reduce clutter at or near an operating room table, and/or reduce the demand on healthcare resources.
1 . An intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) system, the system comprising:
an ICE catheter, the ICE catheter including—
a proximal end region having a handle,
a distal end region having a transducer, and
a shaft extending between the proximal end region and the distal end region, wherein the shaft has a diameter of between about 6 French and about 14 French; and
an ultrasound assembly, the ultrasound assembly including—
a first housing,
an analog-front-end positioned within the first housing,
a connection assembly extending from and/or configured to be coupled to the first housing to operably couple the analog-front-end to the handle, wherein the connection assembly has a length of less than about 2 meters,
a second housing different than the first housing,
an image processing unit positioned within the second housing, and
a cable configured to couple the first housing to the second housing to operably couple the analog-front-end and the image processing unit,
wherein the analog-front-end is configured to (a) transmit first electrical signals to the transducer via the connection assembly and the shaft for conversion into acoustic waves, (b) receive second electrical signals from the transducer via the shaft and the connection assembly, (c) digitize the received second electrical signals, and (d) transmit the digitized second electrical signals to the image processing unit via the cable, and
wherein the image processing unit is configured to process the digitized second electrical signals.
2 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the cable is a first cable, and wherein the connection assembly includes a second cable having a length of less than about 2 meters.
3 . The ICE system of claim 2 wherein the length of the second cable is between about 0.5 meters and about 1 meter.
4 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the connection assembly is configured to directly connect the analog-front-end to the handle such that, when connected, the analog-front-end and the handle are in apposition.
5 . The ICE system of claim 4 wherein the connection assembly does not include a connector cable for connecting the analog-front-end to the handle.
6 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the first housing includes one or more user interface controls for controlling the configuration of the analog-front-end.
7 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the first housing has a volume of less than about 5000 cubic centimeters.
8 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the first housing has a volume of less than about 300 cubic centimeters.
9 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the cable is flexible such that a relative position between the first housing and the second housing can be changed, and wherein the first housing is configured to be positioned in apposition with the second housing.
10 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the cable has a cable length of between about 4 meters and about 8 meters.
11 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the system is configured to operate with a 0.5 to 3.0 decibel improvement in signal loss compared to conventional ultrasound systems.
12 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the ultrasound assembly further comprises a controller wirelessly coupled to the image processing unit and with a user interface for controlling operation of the ultrasound assembly, and wherein the controller is configured to be usable within a sterile environment and accessible under a sterile drape.
13 . The ICE system of claim 1 wherein the image processing unit is integrated into an electrophysiological mapping system, and wherein the system further comprises:
a controller with a user interface for controlling operation of the ultrasound assembly, wherein the controller and the user interface are integrated into the electrophysiological mapping system.
14 . A method of performing intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) on a patient using an ICE system having an ICE catheter and an ICE ultrasound assembly including a first housing and a second housing, the method comprising:
transmitting a digitized control signal from the second housing of the ICE catheter to the first housing of the ICE catheter via a cable;
based on the digitized control signal, generating a first analog signal via an analog front end positioned within the first housing;
transmitting the first analog signal from the first housing to the ICE catheter via a connection assembly having a length of less than about 2 meters;
in response to transmitting the first analog signal, receiving a second analog signal at the analog front end of the first housing, wherein the second analog signal is received from the ICE catheter via the connection assembly, and wherein the second analog signal is transmitted a total distance of less than about 5 meters;
digitizing the second analog signal within the first housing to produce a digitized return signal;
transmitting the digitized return signal to the second housing; and
processing the digitized return signal via an image processing unit within the second housing to produce a two- or three-dimensional image based on the digitized return signal.
15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
converting the first analog signal into ultrasound waves via a transducer on a distal tip region of the ICE catheter;
emitting the ultrasound waves from the transducer;
receiving return ultrasound waves at the transducer in response to emitting the ultrasound waves; and
converting, via the transducer, the returned ultrasound waves into the second analog signal.
16 . The method of claim 14 wherein the first housing is positioned within a sterile operating room, and wherein the second housing is positioned within a nonsterile control room.
17 . The method of claim 14 wherein the second housing is a component of an electrophysiology mapping system (EPMS).
18 . The method of claim 17 further comprising receiving a user input specifying one or more qualities of the digitized control signal, wherein receiving the user input includes receiving the user input via a controller shared with the EPMS.
19 . The method of claim 14 wherein the second analog signal is transmitted a total distance of less than about 3 meters.
20 . The method of claim 14 wherein the second analog signal is transmitted a total distance of less than about 2 meters.