Rotatable apparatuses and methods of operating the same
A packaging machine includes a rotatable apparatus and an ejection system. The rotatable apparatus rotates a plurality of funnels around a first central rotation axis at a first rate of rotation while a plurality of containers move continuously along an arcuate path while remaining axially aligned with separate, respective bottom openings of the plurality of funnels. The ejection system ejects separate pluralities of material articles from a fixed ejection position at a fixed time interval, and the rotatable apparatus receives the separate pluralities of material articles at a fixed material receiving position. The rotatable apparatus directs a same quantity of material articles into each continuously moving container based on rotating around the first central rotation axis such that each separate funnel moves continuously through the material receiving position concurrently with the rotatable apparatus receiving at least one plurality of material articles at the fixed material receiving position.
1 . A rotatable apparatus, comprising:
a rotatable drum having a first central rotation axis and including a circumferential pattern of a plurality of funnels having rotational symmetry around the first central rotation axis, each funnel of the plurality of funnels defining a top opening at a top end of the rotatable drum and a bottom opening at a bottom end of the rotatable drum; and
a rotatable turret rotationally fixed to the rotatable drum, the rotatable turret including a circumferential plurality of arms having rotational symmetry around the first central rotation axis and at least partially defining a plurality of recesses that have rotational symmetry around the first central rotation axis and axially overlap separate, respective funnel bottom openings of the plurality of funnels of the rotatable drum,
wherein two azimuthally adjacent funnels of the plurality of funnels define respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings having different intrinsic shapes.
2 . The rotatable apparatus of claim 1 , wherein one top opening of the respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings is azimuthally asymmetric.
3 . The rotatable apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings at least partially overlap in a radial direction extending radially from the first central rotation axis.
4 . The rotatable apparatus of claim 3 , wherein:
each top opening of the respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings defines at least one first azimuthal area and at least one second azimuthal area that is partially azimuthally adjacent to the at least one first azimuthal area, the at least one first azimuthal area having a greater radial width than the at least one second azimuthal area, and
at least one second azimuthal area of one of the respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings at least partially overlaps at least one second azimuthal area of another one of the respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings in the radial direction.
5 . The rotatable apparatus of claim 4 , wherein:
a first azimuthal area of at least one top opening of the respective two azimuthally adjacent top openings has a first radial width that is a radial width between a radially outermost inner surface and a radially innermost inner surface of the at least one top opening, and
at least one second azimuthal area of the at least one top opening has a second radial width that extends radially from one of the radially outermost inner surface or the radially innermost inner surface of the at least one top opening.
6 . The rotatable apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
the plurality of funnels includes a set of funnels, the set of funnels including a first funnel having a first funnel top opening, a second funnel having a second funnel top opening, and a third funnel having a third funnel top opening,
the first funnel is azimuthally between the second funnel and the third funnel,
the first funnel top opening is azimuthally symmetric, and
the second funnel top opening and the third funnel top opening are each azimuthally asymmetric and have reflective azimuthal symmetry around an axis of symmetry that extends radially from the first central rotation axis.
7 . The rotatable apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of air vent conduits extending from separate, respective bottom openings of the plurality of funnels to separate, respective recesses of the rotatable turret, each air vent conduit including one or more openings extending through a thickness of a cylindrical sidewall of the air vent conduit.
8 . A packaging machine, comprising:
the rotatable apparatus of claim 1 ; and
an ejection system, the ejection system configured to eject separate pluralities of material articles at a fixed time interval.
9 . The packaging machine of claim 8 , wherein the ejection system includes:
an ejection wheel having a second central rotation axis, the ejection wheel including a separate circumferential pattern of a plurality of ejection plates having respective outer surfaces facing radially outward from the second central rotation axis and collectively defining an outer cylindrical rim of the ejection wheel, each ejection plate defining a plurality of cups open to an outer surface of the ejection plate, each ejection plate defining one or more air conduits extending from each cup of the plurality of cups to an inner surface of the ejection plate facing radially inward toward the second central rotation axis, and
an ejection device fixed in position in relation to the ejection wheel, the ejection device including a gas supply manifold having a gas discharge port defining an ejection position of the ejection device that is fixed in relation to the ejection wheel and at least partially defines a material receiving position of the rotatable apparatus overlapping the ejection device in a vertical direction extending in parallel to the first central rotation axis, such that the material receiving position is fixed in relation to the ejection device.
10 . The packaging machine of claim 8 , wherein:
the rotatable apparatus is configured to rotate the circumferential pattern of the plurality of funnels around the first central rotation axis at a first rate of rotation concurrently with a plurality of containers moving continuously along an arcuate path while axially aligned with separate, respective bottom openings of the plurality of funnels; and
the rotatable apparatus is configured to direct a same quantity of material articles into each of the plurality of containers based on the rotatable apparatus rotating the plurality of funnels around the first central rotation axis at the first rate of rotation such that each separate funnel of the plurality of funnels moves continuously through a material receiving position that is fixed in relation to the ejection system concurrently with the rotatable apparatus receiving at least one of the separate pluralities of material articles at the material receiving position.
11 . The packaging machine of claim 10 , wherein:
the ejection system is configured to eject each separate plurality of material articles as a linear pattern of material articles aligned with a radial direction extending radially from the first central rotation axis and intersecting the material receiving position, the radial direction fixed in relation to the ejection system, and
the rotatable apparatus is configured to direct separate portions of at least one linear pattern of material articles received at the material receiving position into different, azimuthally adjacent funnels of the plurality of funnels at least partially simultaneously located at the material receiving position.
12 . The packaging machine of claim 11 , wherein the rotatable apparatus is configured to direct the separate portions of the at least one linear pattern of material articles into the different, azimuthally adjacent funnels according to respective radial proximities of the separate portions to the first central rotation axis.
13 . The packaging machine of claim 10 , wherein the rotatable apparatus is configured to direct separate portions of at least one plurality of material articles ejected by the ejection system into different, azimuthally adjacent funnels at least partially simultaneously located at the material receiving position.
14 . The packaging machine of claim 13 , wherein the rotatable apparatus is configured to direct the separate portions of the at least one plurality of material articles into the different, azimuthally adjacent funnels according to respective radial proximities of the separate portions to the first central rotation axis.
15 . A method of operating the packaging machine of claim 8 , the method comprising:
rotating the rotatable apparatus around the first central rotation axis at a first rate of rotation to continuously move the plurality of funnels through a material receiving position and to cause the rotatable turret to cause a plurality of containers to move continuously along an arcuate path while axially aligned with separate, respective bottom openings of the plurality of funnels; and
operating the ejection system to eject the separate pluralities of material articles into the material receiving position at the fixed time interval concurrently with the rotatable apparatus rotating around the first central rotation axis at the first rate of rotation.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein:
the ejection system includes:
an ejection wheel having a second central rotation axis, the ejection wheel including a separate circumferential pattern of a plurality of ejection plates having respective outer surfaces facing radially outward from the second central rotation axis and collectively defining an outer cylindrical rim of the ejection wheel, each ejection plate defining a plurality of cups open to an outer surface of the ejection plate, each ejection plate defining one or more air conduits extending from each cup of the plurality of cups to an inner surface of the ejection plate facing radially inward toward the second central rotation axis, and
an ejection device fixed in position in relation to the ejection wheel, the ejection device including a gas supply manifold having a gas discharge port defining an ejection position of the ejection device that is fixed in relation to the ejection wheel and at least partially defines the material receiving position overlapping the ejection device in a vertical direction extending in parallel to the first central rotation axis, the material receiving position fixed in relation to the ejection device; and
the operating the ejection system includes rotating the ejection wheel around the second central rotation axis at a second rate of rotation to continuously move the plurality of ejection plates through the ejection position concurrently with operating the ejection device to direct a gas through the gas discharge port at the ejection position, to cause the gas to be directed into one or more cups of one or more ejection plates of the plurality of ejection plates based on the one or more ejection plates moving through the ejection position.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein:
each separate plurality of material articles ejected by the ejection system is a linear pattern of material articles aligned with a radial direction extending radially from the first central rotation axis and intersecting the material receiving position, and
the operating the ejection system to eject the separate pluralities of material articles into the material receiving position at the fixed time interval concurrently with the rotatable apparatus rotating around the first central rotation axis at the first rate of rotation causes separate portions of at least one linear pattern of material articles received at the material receiving position to be directed by the rotatable apparatus into different, azimuthally adjacent funnels of the plurality of funnels at least partially simultaneously located at the material receiving position.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the operating the ejection system to eject the separate pluralities of material articles into the material receiving position at the fixed time interval concurrently with the rotatable apparatus rotating around the first central rotation axis at the first rate of rotation causes the separate portions of the at least one linear pattern of material articles to be directed by the rotatable apparatus into the different, azimuthally adjacent funnels according to respective radial proximities of the separate portions to the first central rotation axis.
19 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the operating the ejection system to eject the separate pluralities of material articles into the material receiving position at the fixed time interval concurrently with the rotatable apparatus rotating around the first central rotation axis at the first rate of rotation causes a same quantity of materials to be directed into separate, respective containers axially aligned under separate, respective funnels of the plurality of funnels, such that a ratio of the same quantity of material articles to a quantity of material articles in each separate plurality of material articles is a rational number and is not either of:
an integer, or
a fraction 1/x where x is an integer.