Gripping body
A method and apparatus for locating respective end regions of wires of an armour layer of a segment of flexible pipe body at a respective desired positions in an end fitting, and apparatus for terminating a segment of flexible pipe body in an end fitting are disclosed. The method comprises providing an annular element radially around an exposed region of an armour layer, of flexible pipe body, that comprises a plurality of wires; locating the annular element against a terminal end of a first collar member disposed radially around the armour layer; bending the wires away from a longitudinal axis of the flexible pipe body against a guiding surface of the annular element, at a predetermined location; urging the annular element away from the first collar member in a first direction; and gripping the wires between an abutment region of the guiding surface and a cooperating abutment surface of a further collar member thereby locating respective end regions of the wires at respective desired positions in an end fitting.
1 . Apparatus for terminating a segment of flexible pipe body in an end fitting, comprising:
an outer sleeve member of an end fitting comprising an outer sleeve body portion and an outer sleeve neck portion that extends away from the outer sleeve body portion and is secured to a portion of flexible pipe body in a slotted position between an outer sheath of the flexible pipe body and at least one armour layer of the flexible pipe body;
an inner collar member of an end fitting comprising an inner collar body portion and an inner collar neck portion that extends away from the inner collar body portion and comprises an abutment surface at an end region of the inner collar neck portion distal to the inner collar body portion; and
an annular element that is spaced apart from the outer sleeve body portion via a void region and comprises an abutment region, that faces the abutment surface, disposed on a generally arcuate guiding surface of the annular element; wherein
respective end regions of a plurality of wires of the armour layer are gripped between the abutment surface and the abutment region, the wires being at least partly locatable in a cavity region, that is fillable with a curable material, between an end fitting body and an end fitting jacket.
2 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the wires are at least partially immobilised between the abutment surface and the abutment region due to a predetermined gripping force being provided on each of the wires.
3 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a radius associated with the arcuate guiding surface is greater than a minimum bend radius associated with each of the wires.
4 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the arcuate guiding surface comprises an arcuate bend limiting surface portion that has a radius of curvature that is larger than a minimum bend radius associated with each of the wires.
5 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the annular element comprises a first mating surface that cooperates with a further mating surface of the end fitting jacket.
6 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising:
cooperation of the first mating surface and the further mating surface urges the annular element axially along the wires, but does not urge the annular element radially inwardly.
7 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising:
engagement between the first mating surface and the further mating surface urges the abutment region into gripping abutment with outermost wires of the plurality of wires.
8 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising:
a stepped jacket engaging surface region of the annular element, that comprises the first mating surface, is disposed at a radially outer region of the annular element; and
a further stepped region of the end fitting jacket, that comprises the further mating surface, is disposed on a radially inner surface of the end fitting jacket.
9 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the void region is filled with curable material, or a split body ring is provided between the annular element and the outer sleeve member.
10 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the plurality of wires of the armour layer being gripped between the abutment surface and the abutment region, and a filler or sleeve or tape disposed around and/or between the wires at least partially filling spaces between the wires, provides fluid tight sealing of the cavity region.
11 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the abutment surface and/or the abutment region comprises polymeric material.
12 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a radially inner surface of the annular element comprises at least one low friction region.
13 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
the annular element comprises a metallic material and/or a polymeric material and/or a ceramic material and/or a composite material.