Quantum entanglement communication service
A quantum entanglement communication service can be provided by detecting a request to access data stored at a first computer. In response to detecting the data access request, a request can be generated to request that a server computer generate an entangled particle pair. Measurement data can be received, the measurement data corresponding to a measurement observed after interacting a first bit of a token stored at a second computer with a first entangled particle from the entangled particle pair. An operation to perform on a second entangled particle of the entangled particle pair at the first computer can be determined and performed. A state of the second entangled particle can be measured to obtain a value, and a bit string can be generated, where the bit string can include a number that corresponds to the value.
1 . A system comprising:
a first computer comprising a processor; and
a memory that stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising
receiving, at the first computer and from a transmitting device that is in communication with a receiving device, a request for an entangled particle pair, wherein the first computer comprises an entangled particle pair generator, and wherein the transmitting device generates the request in response to receiving a data access request from the receiving device,
determining, by the first computer, a number of bits that are included in a token to be used by the transmitting device and the receiving device, wherein each of the transmitting device and the receiving device stores the token, and wherein the token comprises a first bit string comprising a first bit,
generating a first entangled particle pair for the first bit,
sending a first entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair to the transmitting device, and
sending a second entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair to the receiving device, wherein the receiving device sends, to the transmitting device, measurement data that corresponds to a measurement observed at the receiving device after interacting the first bit with the second entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair, and wherein the transmitting device determines an operation to perform on the second entangled particle of the first entangled particle pair, performs the operation on the second entangled particle, measures a state of the first entangled particle, the state comprising a value, generates a second bit string comprising a number that corresponds to the value, and sends the second bit string to an authentication service to authenticate the receiving device.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 00, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises measuring the state of the second entangled particle.
3 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 01, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises performing an X gate operation on the second entangled particle.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 10, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises performing an Z gate operation on the second entangled particle.
5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 11, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises performing an X gate operation and a Z gate operation on the second entangled particle.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the request specifies endpoints of a communication link over which the data is to be transmitted, and wherein the endpoints comprise the transmitting device and the receiving device.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations further comprising determining if the token comprises another bit, and in response to determining that the token comprises the other bit:
receiving another instance of measurement data, wherein the other instance of measurement data comprises another measurement observed after interacting a second bit of the token with a third entangled particle from another entangled particle pair;
obtaining a fourth entangled particle;
determining another operation to perform on the fourth entangled particle based on the other value;
performing the operation on the fourth entangled particle;
measuring a state of the fourth entangled particle, the state comprising another value; and
adding another number that corresponds to the other value to the second bit string.
8 . A method comprising:
receiving, at a first computer comprising a processor and from a transmitting device that is in communication with a receiving device, a request for an entangled particle pair, wherein the first computer comprises an entangled particle pair generator, and wherein the transmitting device generates the request in response to receiving a data access request from the receiving device;
determining, by the first computer, a number of bits that are included in a token to be used by the transmitting device and the receiving device, wherein each of the transmitting device and the receiving device stores the token, and wherein the token comprises a first bit string comprising a first bit;
generating, by the first computer, a first entangled particle pair for the first bit;
sending, by the first computer, a first entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair to the transmitting device; and
sending, the first computer, a second entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair to the receiving device, wherein the receiving device sends, to the transmitting device, measurement data that corresponds to a measurement observed at the receiving device after interacting the first bit with the second entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair, and wherein the transmitting device determines an operation to perform on the second entangled particle of the first entangled particle pair, performs the operation on the second entangled particle, measures a state of the first entangled particle, the state comprising a value, generates a second bit string comprising a number that corresponds to the value, and sends the second bit string to an authentication service to authenticate the receiving device.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 00, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises measuring the state of the second entangled particle.
10 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 01, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises performing an X gate operation on the second entangled particle.
11 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 10, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises performing an Z gate operation on the second entangled particle.
12 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the measurement comprises a value of 11, and the operation on the second entangled particle comprises performing an X gate operation and a Z gate operation on the second entangled particle.
13 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the request specifies the number of bits in the token, and wherein the request for generation of the entangled particle pair comprises a request to generate the number of entangled particle pairs.
14 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the request specifies endpoints of a communication link over which the data is to be transmitted, wherein the endpoints comprise the transmitting device and the receiving device.
15 . The method of claim 8 , further comprising determining, by the processor, if the token comprises another bit, and in response to determining that the token comprises the other bit:
receiving another instance of measurement data, wherein the other instance of measurement data comprises another measurement observed after interacting a second bit of the token with a third entangled particle from another entangled particle pair;
obtaining a fourth entangled particle;
determining another operation to perform on the fourth entangled particle based on the other value;
performing the operation on the fourth entangled particle;
measuring a state of the fourth entangled particle, the state comprising another value; and
adding another number that corresponds to the other value to the second bit string.
16 . A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:
receiving, at a first computer and from a transmitting device that is in communication with a receiving device, a request for an entangled particle pair, wherein the first computer comprises an entangled particle pair generator, and wherein the transmitting device generates the request in response to receiving a data access request from the receiving device;
determining, by the first computer, a number of bits that are included in a token to be used by the transmitting device and the receiving device, wherein each of the transmitting device and the receiving device stores the token, and wherein the token comprises a first bit string comprising a first bit;
generating a first entangled particle pair for the first bit;
sending a first entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair to the transmitting device; and
sending a second entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair to the receiving device, wherein the receiving device sends, to the transmitting device, measurement data that corresponds to a measurement observed at the receiving device after interacting the first bit with the second entangled particle from the first entangled particle pair, and wherein the transmitting device determines an operation to perform on the second entangled particle of the first entangled particle pair, performs the operation on the second entangled particle, measures a state of the first entangled particle, the state comprising a value, generates a second bit string comprising a number that corresponds to the value, and sends the second bit string to an authentication service to authenticate the receiving device.
17 . The computer storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the request specifies endpoints of a communication link over which the data is to be transmitted, and wherein the endpoints comprise the transmitting device and the receiving device.
18 . The computer storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the request specifies the number of bits in the token, and wherein the request for generation of the entangled particle pair comprises a request to generate the number of entangled particle pairs.
19 . The computer storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the request specifies endpoints of a communication link over which the data is to be transmitted, wherein the endpoints comprise the transmitting device and the receiving device.
20 . The computer storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations further comprising determining if the token comprises another bit, and in response to determining that the token comprises the other bit:
receiving another instance of measurement data, wherein the other instance of measurement data comprises another measurement observed after interacting a second bit of the token with a third entangled particle from another entangled particle pair;
obtaining a fourth entangled particle;
determining another operation to perform on the fourth entangled particle based on the other value;
performing the operation on the fourth entangled particle;
measuring a state of the fourth entangled particle, the state comprising another value; and
adding another number that corresponds to the other value to the second bit string.