IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,741,075
Granted Patent B2
US 12,741,075 · App. 17/701,395 · Granted Sep 22, 2026

Vacuum chamber with snap fit plunger mechanism

Inventors: Varad Chavan (Kolhapur, IN); Rohit Sinha (Lawrenceville, GA); David M. Simiele (Roswell, GA)
Assignee: C. R. Bard, Inc.
A61M1/71A61M1/67A61M1/84A61M39/22A61M2039/229
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,741,075
App. No.
17/701,395
Granted
Sep 22, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

A drainage system includes a vacuum chamber to receive drainage liquid from a drainage tube. The chamber can include an input port coupled with the drainage tube and a drain port coupled with a collection container. The system can include an air pump having an input coupled with a vacuum port of the vacuum chamber and a distal end of the drainage tube. Activation of the air pump can establish circulating fluid flow between the drainage tube and the vacuum chamber, and deactivation of the air pump can permit drainage liquid to drain from the vacuum chamber into the output tube. Also disclosed is a method of draining liquid from a patient, including accumulating a volume of the drainage liquid at a first location along a drainage pathway, moving the volume to a second location, accumulating the volume at the second location, and moving the volume to a collection container.

Claims (48)

1 . A drainage system for draining a liquid from a patient, the drainage system comprising:

a drainage tube configured to receive drainage liquid from the patient, a distal end of the drainage tube configured to couple with a catheter;

a vacuum chamber configured to receive the drainage liquid from the drainage tube, the vacuum chamber comprising:

an input port coupled with the drainage tube at a proximal end of the drainage tube; and

a drain port coupled with an output tube, the output tube configured for transporting the drainage liquid from the vacuum chamber to a collection container;

a drain valve in line with the drain port, the drain valve configured to transition between an open state in which fluid flow through the output tube is permitted and a closed state in which fluid flow through the output tube is prevented, wherein the drain valve comprises a plunger displaceable between a “down” position in accordance with the drain valve disposed in the open state, and an “up” position in accordance with the drain valve disposed in the closed state; and

an air pump having an input coupled with a vacuum port of the vacuum chamber and an output coupled with the drainage tube at a junction point adjacent the distal end, wherein:

upon activation of the air pump, circulating fluid flow is established between the drainage tube and the vacuum chamber,

upon deactivation of the air pump, the drainage liquid drains from the vacuum chamber into the collection container, and

the drainage liquid is prevented from draining into the collection container only when the air pump is activated.

2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the plunger comprises a plurality of deflectable posts coupled with a circular base, the plurality of deflectable posts extending vertically away from the circular base.

3 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of deflectable posts are coupled with the drain port via a snap fit coupling, the snap fit coupling configured to limit downward displacement of the plunger, defining the “down” position.

4 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the circular base comprises an annular sealing ledge extending along a circumference of the circular base, the annular sealing ledge configured to form a seal with a corresponding annular sealing edge of the drain port when the plunger is disposed in the “up” position, and wherein the seal defines the closed state of the drain valve.

5 . The system of claim 2 , wherein in use, the drainage liquid flows perpendicularly onto the circular base of the plunger, and radially outward between the plurality of deflectable posts.

6 . The system of claim 2 , wherein a top side of the circular base comprises a radially outward sloped surface to prevent accumulation of the drainage liquid.

7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein:

activation of the air pump defines a vacuum within the vacuum chamber, the vacuum exerting an upward force on the plunger to displace the plunger to the “up” position, and

deactivation of the air pump relieves the vacuum within the vacuum chamber, allowing the plunger to self-displace to the “down” position.

8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein a bottom wall of the vacuum chamber is sloped toward the drain port to facilitate complete drainage of the drainage liquid from the vacuum chamber.

9 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising an isolation valve disposed in line with the drainage tube at a location distal the junction point, the isolation valve configured to prevent fluid flow toward the catheter.

10 . The system of claim 9 , wherein the isolation valve is configured to transition between a closed state and open state in accordance with activation and deactivation of the air pump, respectively.

11 . The system of claim 9 , wherein the isolation valve is a check valve configured to allow proximal fluid flow through the isolation valve and prevent distal fluid flow through the isolation valve.

12 . The system of claim 9 , further comprising a connector disposed at the distal end of the drainage tube, wherein the junction point and the isolation valve are integral to the connector.

13 . A system for moving drainage liquid proximally along a drainage tube from a drainage catheter to a collection container, comprising:

a vacuum chamber comprising:

an input port coupleable with the drainage tube at a proximal end; and

a drain port having an output tube, the output tube coupleable with the collection container;

a drain valve in line with the drain port, the drain valve configured to transition between an open state in which fluid flow through the output tube is permitted and a closed state in which fluid flow through the output tube is prevented, wherein the drain valve comprises a plunger displaceable between a “down” position in accordance with the drain valve disposed in the open state, and an “up” position in accordance with the drain valve disposed in the closed state;

an air pump having an input coupled with a vacuum port of the vacuum chamber; and

a three-way connector comprising:

a first port couplable with the drainage catheter;

a second port couplable with a distal end of the drainage tube; and

a third port coupled with an output of the air pump, the first port, the second port, and the third port in fluid communication with each other, wherein in use:

activation of the air pump establishes a circulating fluid flow between the drainage tube and the vacuum chamber to move the drainage liquid proximally along the drainage tube to the vacuum chamber,

deactivation of the air pump allows the drainage liquid to drain from the vacuum chamber into the collection container, and

the drainage liquid is prevented from draining into the collection container only when the air pump is activated.

14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the plunger comprises a plurality of deflectable posts coupled with a circular base, the plurality of deflectable post extending vertically away from the circular base.

15 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the plurality of deflectable posts are coupled with the drain port via a snap fit coupling, the snap fit coupling configured to limit downward displacement of the plunger defining the “down” position.

16 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the circular base comprises an annular sealing ledge extending along a circumference of the circular base, the annular sealing ledge configured to form a seal with a corresponding annular sealing edge of the drain port when the plunger is disposed in the “up” position, and wherein the seal defines the closed state of the drain valve.

17 . The system of claim 14 , wherein in use, the drainage liquid flows onto the circular base and radially outward between the plurality of deflectable posts.

18 . The system of claim 14 , a top side of the circular base comprises a radially outward sloped surface to prevent accumulation of the drainage liquid.

19 . The system of claim 13 , wherein:

activation of the air pump defines a vacuum within the vacuum chamber, the vacuum exerting an upward force on the plunger to displace the plunger to the “up” position, and

deactivation of the air pump relieves the vacuum within the vacuum chamber, allowing the plunger to self-displace to the “down” position.

20 . The system of claim 13 , wherein a bottom wall of the vacuum chamber is sloped toward the drain port to facilitate complete drainage of liquid from the vacuum chamber.

21 . The system of claim 13 , further comprising an isolation valve disposed in line with the first port of the three-way connector, the isolation valve configured to prevent fluid flow toward the drainage catheter.

22 . The system of claim 21 , wherein the isolation valve is configured to transition between a closed state and open state in accordance with activation and deactivation of the air pump, respectively.

23 . The system of claim 21 , wherein the isolation valve is a check valve configured to allow proximal fluid flow through the first port and prevent distal fluid flow through the first port.

Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 63164951 · Mar 23, 2021
Related Publication 20220305189A1 · Sep 29, 2022
References Cited (281)
US 3114916A · Hadley · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3583401A · Vailiancourt et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3598124A · Andersen et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3661143A · Henkin · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3707972A · Villari et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3861394A · Villari · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3901235A · Patel et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3955574A · Rubinstein · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4013076A · Puderbaugh et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4084593A · Jarund · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4250872A · Tamari · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4265243A · Taylor · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4266689A · Asher · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4305403A · Dunn · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4315506A · Kayser et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4360933A · Kimura et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4465485A · Kashmer et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4490144A · Steigerwald · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4531939A · Zumi · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4556997A · Takamiya et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4631061A · Martin · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4654029A · D'Antonio · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4711365A · Fomby · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4747166A · Kuntz · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4810242A · Sundblom et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4819684A · Zaugg et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4872579A · Palmer · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4880411A · Fangrow, Jr. et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4990137A · Graham · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002528A · Palestrant · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5071411A · Hillstead · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5100376A · Blake, III · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5186431A · Tamari · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5242404A · Conley et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5318550A · Cermak et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5359233A · Mumper et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5405319A · Abell et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US RE35707E · Takamiya et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5738656A · Wagner et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5813842A · Tamari · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5894608A · Birbara · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6007521A · Bidwell et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6106506A · Abell et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6183454B1 · Levine et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 7833186B1 · Batiste · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 8266741B2 · Penninger et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8337475B2 · Christensen et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8366692B2 · Weston · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 8475419B2 · Eckermann · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8512301B2 · Ma · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 9814866B1 · Goswami · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10363184B2 · Zerhusen et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10391275B2 · Burnett et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10426919B2 · Erbey, II et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10506965B2 · Cooper et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10737057B1 · Mikhail et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10772998B2 · Luxon et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 12097150B2 · Chancy et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20020000253A1 · Fillmore et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020087131A1 · Wolff et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020161317A1 · Risk et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030078638A1 · Voorhees et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040176746A1 · Forral · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040230181A1 · Cawood · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040236292A1 · Tazoe et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040254547A1 · Okabe et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050183780A1 · Michaels et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050197647A1 · Dolliver · 2005 [cited by examiner]
US 20050209585A1 · Nord et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050245898A1 · Wright et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050256460A1 · Rome et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050261619A1 · Gay · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060015190A1 · Robertson · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060079854A1 · Kay et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060155260A1 · Blott et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060213527A1 · Argenta et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060235353A1 · Gelfand et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060270971A1 · Gelfand et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060271019A1 · Stoller et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070005002A1 · Millman et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070078444A1 · Larsson · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070142729A1 · Pfeiffer et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070272311A1 · Trocki et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080051708A1 · Kumar et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080156092A1 · Boiarski · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080281254A1 · Humayun et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080312550A1 · Nishtala et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090076469A1 · Alexandersen · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090157016A1 · Adahan · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090157040A1 · Jacobson et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090326483A1 · Green · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100042059A1 · Pratt et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100106116A1 · Simmons et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100130949A1 · Garcia · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100280435A1 · Raney et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100298792A1 · Weston · 2010 [cited by examiner]
US 20110060300A1 · Weig · 2011 [cited by examiner]
US 20120036638A1 · Penninger et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120323144A1 · Coston et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130218106A1 · Coston · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 20140053841A1 · Ratner · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140200558A1 · McDaniel · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140200588A1 · Anderson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140276497A1 · Robinson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150126975A1 · Wuthier · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150141957A1 · Hauswald · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150290448A1 · Pavlik · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160135982A1 · Garcia · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160183819A1 · Burnett et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160310711A1 · Luxon et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170014560A1 · Minskoff · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 20170014617A1 · Huici · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170072125A1 · Wallenås et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170136209A1 · Burnett · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 20170143566A1 · Elku et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170209630A1 · Klusmann et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170241978A1 · Duval · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170312114A1 · Glithero · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180015251A1 · Lampotang et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180071441A1 · Croteau et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180104391A1 · Luxon et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180110456A1 · Cooper et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180125697A1 · Ferrera · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180177458A1 · Burnett et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180185222A1 · Zerhusen et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180235523A1 · Sauder · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180245699A1 · Lee · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180360424A1 · Yurek et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190009021A1 · Nelson et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190009023A1 · Diperna et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190030264A1 · Herskovic et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190038451A1 · Harvie · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190046102A1 · Kushnir et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190126006A1 · Rehm et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190143008A1 · Brundage et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190143094A1 · DeMeritt · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190151610A1 · Fletter · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190175801A1 · Levine · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190255242A1 · Cull · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190343445A1 · Burnett et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200000979A1 · Myers · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200061281A1 · Desouza et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200155751A1 · Batiste · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200315837A1 · Radl et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210077007A1 · Jouret et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220152345A1 · Simiele et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220160949A1 · Simiele et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220176031A1 · Cheng et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220193366A1 · Cheng et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220218890A1 · Chavan · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220218973A1 · Chavan et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220218974A1 · Chavan et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220273213A1 · Sokolov et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220287689A1 · Johannes · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220330867A1 · Conley et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220362080A1 · McCorquodale et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220409421A1 · Hughett · 2022 [cited by examiner]
US 20230013353A1 · Chavan et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230030637A1 · Gloeckner et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230054937A1 · Chancy et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230083906A1 · Jones et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230277199A1 · Duffy · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230310837A1 · Gamsizlar et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20240033404A1 · Ishikawa · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240238500A1 · Simiele et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240307604A1 · Chavan · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20250009578A1 · Chancy et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250018147A1 · Rehm · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250018149A1 · Cheng et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250025617A1 · Chavan et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250025620A1 · Cheng et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250040848A1 · Lai et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250177632A1 · Jones et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250186735A1 · Rehm et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250288775A1 · Simiele et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20260014310A1 · Chavan · 2026 [cited by applicant]
US 20260108376A1 · Chavan et al. · 2026 [cited by applicant]
CN 106955208A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
CN 116650740A · 2023 [cited by applicant]
EP 1122435A1 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
EP 1872752A1 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
EP 2417955A2 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
EP 2730299A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
EP 4096611B1 · 2025 [cited by applicant]
EP 4585150A2 · 2025 [cited by applicant]
GB 1408821A · 1975 [cited by applicant]
GB 2235256 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
WO 2009026237A1 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012016179A1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2015019056A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2015105916A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016012494A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017177068A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO 2018136306A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO 2018191193A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO 2019004854A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO 2019083104A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO 2020033752A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO 2021154427A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO 2021158332A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO 2022108589A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO 2022159333A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO 2022251425A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO 2023086394A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO 2024118072A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO 2024151250A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO 2024162961A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/542,060, filed Dec. 3, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Jun. 27, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/556,942, filed Dec. 20, 2021 Advisory Action dated Sep. 1, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/556,942, filed Dec. 20, 2021 Final Office Action dated Jul. 12, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,458, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Final Office Action dated Sep. 12, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,504, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Final Office Action dated Jul. 19, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Jul. 17, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Final Office Action dated Aug. 17, 2023. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2022/049418 filed Nov. 9, 2022 International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Feb. 10, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Restriction Requirement dated Jan. 3, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/556,942, filed Dec. 20, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Jan. 31, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,504, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 14, 2023. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2020/066707 filed Dec. 22, 2020 International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Apr. 15, 2021. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2022/012373 filed Jan. 13, 2022 International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Apr. 19, 2022. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/373,568, filed Jul. 12, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Nov. 9, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Advisory Action dated Jan. 19, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Final Office Action dated Oct. 24, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/532,454, filed Nov. 22, 2021 Final Office Action dated Sep. 27, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/532,454, filed Nov. 22, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Dec. 8, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/542,060, filed Dec. 3, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Nov. 28, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/556,942, filed Dec. 20, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Nov. 3, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,458, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Dec. 6, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,504, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Nov. 27, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,504, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Jan. 22, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Advisory Action dated Jan. 30, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Final Office Action dated Nov. 22, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Advisory Action dated Oct. 19, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Dec. 7, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Final Office Action dated Nov. 19, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Feb. 5, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/571,254, filed Jan. 7, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Feb. 13, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/571,254, filed Jan. 7, 2022 Restriction Requirement dated Oct. 4, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Advisory Action dated Oct. 28, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Final Office Action dated Aug. 22, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Dec. 2, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Advisory Action dated Aug. 1, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 18, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/274,157, filed Jul. 25, 2023 Non-Final Office Action dated Jan. 17, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/674,694, filed May 24, 2024 Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 3, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated May 10, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/532,454, filed Nov. 22, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 22, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/561,458, filed Dec. 23, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Jun. 16, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated May 24, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/373,568, filed Jul. 12, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 26, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/526,994, filed Nov. 15, 2021 Non-Final Office Action dated Apr. 22, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/542,060, filed Dec. 3, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Jun. 3, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/556,942, filed Dec. 20, 2021 Final Office Action dated Apr. 4, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/556,942, filed Dec. 20, 2021 Notice of Allowance dated Jun. 26, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/796,604, filed Jul. 29, 2022 Notice of Allowance dated May 1, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 11, 2024. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/902,705, filed Sep. 2, 2022 Final Office Action dated May 22, 2024. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2022/051431 filed Nov. 30, 2022 International Search Report and Written Opinion dated May 22, 2022. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2023/010515 filed Jan. 10, 2023 International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Sep. 12, 2023. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2023/012095 filed Feb. 1, 2023 International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Jul. 31, 2025. [cited by applicant]
PCT/US2023/012095 filed Feb. 1, 2023 International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Jul. 17, 2023. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/571,254, filed Jan. 7, 2022 Final Office Action dated Aug. 13, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Advisory Action dated Aug. 6, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Final Office Action dated Jun. 3, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/274,157, filed Jul. 25, 2023 Advisory Action dated Jul. 16, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/274,157, filed Jul. 25, 2023 Final Office Action dated May 5, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/674,694, filed May 24, 2024 Notice of Allowance dated Jun. 23, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/873,923, filed Jul. 26, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Jan. 27, 2026. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/274,157, filed Jul. 25, 2023 Final Office Action dated Jan. 6, 2026. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/706,737, filed May 1, 2024 Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 13, 2026. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/882,228, filed Sep. 11, 2024 Notice of Allowance dated Feb. 5, 2026. [cited by applicant]
EP 25167903.1 filed Apr. 2, 2025 Extended European Search Report dated Oct. 7, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/863,898, filed Jul. 13, 2022 Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 16, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/274,157, filed Jul. 25, 2023 Non-Final Office Action dated Sep. 19, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/622,604, filed Mar. 29, 2024 Non-Final Office Action dated Oct. 2, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/882,228, filed Sep. 11, 2024 Non-Final Office Action dated Oct. 1, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/899,727, filed Sep. 27, 2024 Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 30, 2025. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 17/571,254, filed Jan. 7, 2022 Non-Final Office Action dated Mar. 25, 2026. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/274,157 filed Jul. 25, 2023 Notice of Allowance dated Mar. 30, 2026. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/622,604, filed Mar. 29, 2024 Final Office Action dated Apr. 7, 2026. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 18/899,727, filed Sep. 27, 2024 Notice of Allowance dated Mar. 19, 2026. [cited by applicant]