Granted Patent B2

US 12,743,156 · App. 19/108,140 · Granted Sep 22, 2026

Inventors: Fiza Singh (La Jolla, CA); I-Wei Shu (La Jolla, CA); Sheng-Hsiou Hsu (La Jolla, CA); Yayu Lin (La Jolla, CA); Eric Granholm (La Jolla, CA)

Assignee: The Regents of the University of California

G06F3/015

Abstract

Claims (75)

1 . A method for providing neurofeedback, comprising:

presenting, at a display device, stimuli to a subject to invoke generation of neurological signal stimulation in a brain of a subject;

measuring, at a brain signal detection device, a plurality of sets of brain signal data that include at least two individual brain signals from the subject's brain acquired during a neurofeedback session having a plurality of neurofeedback periods without acquiring the at least two individual brain signals during one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods, wherein each of the at least two individual brain signals correspond to at least two locations on the subject's brain including a first location on the subject's left-side frontal lobe and a second location on the subject's right-side frontal lobe; and

analyzing, at a data processing device in real time during the neurofeedback session, the brain signal data to determine a coherence value for a neurofeedback period of the plurality of neurofeedback periods based on a dynamic threshold, wherein the dynamic threshold is determined based at least on the coherence value from a prior neurofeedback period.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the presenting, the measuring, and the analyzing provide a brain-computer interface (BCI) to promote brain signal coherence comprising a bilateral coordination of frequency power in the at least two individual brain signals with respect to a left hemisphere and a right hemisphere of the subject's brain.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the dynamic threshold is determined by adjusting a previous threshold value based on a ratio of coordination between frequency power in the at least two individual brain signals sampled in a corresponding previous neurofeedback period.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the dynamic threshold is determined by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals in the neurofeedback period with respect to time and producing a threshold value corresponding to a percentile of the amount of overlap.

5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the calculating the amount of overlap includes determining a percentage of times the at least two individual brain signals peak together and the at least two individual brain signals trough together at each sampling time over the neurofeedback period and comparing the determined percentage to the percentile.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least two individual brain signals includes electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, and wherein a first EEG electrode is positioned at a right frontal lobe placement and a second EEG electrode is positioned at a left frontal lobe placement.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyzing the brain signal data includes examining frequency power of the at least two individual brain signals acquired in a frequency range between 3 Hz and 90 Hz.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the stimuli presented to the subject includes at least one of visual stimuli, auditory stimuli, or tactile stimuli.

9 . A method for providing neurofeedback, comprising:

presenting, at a display device, stimuli to a subject to invoke generation of neurological signal stimulation in a brain of a subject;

measuring, at a brain signal detection device, a plurality of sets of brain signal data that include at least two individual brain signals from the subject's brain acquired during a neurofeedback session having a plurality of neurofeedback periods without acquiring the at least two individual brain signals during one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods, wherein each of the at least two individual brain signals correspond to at least two locations on the subject's brain including a first location on the subject's left-side frontal lobe and a second location on the subject's right-side frontal lobe; and

analyzing, at a data processing device in real time during the neurofeedback session, the brain signal data to determine a coherence value for a neurofeedback period of the plurality of neurofeedback periods based on a dynamic threshold, wherein the dynamic threshold is determined based at least on the coherence value from a prior neurofeedback period,

wherein the dynamic threshold is determined by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals in the neurofeedback period with respect to time and producing a threshold value corresponding to a percentile of the amount of overlap,

wherein the percentile is in a range of 15% to 30%.

10 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining an optimal work-to-rest ratio based at least on the dynamic threshold.

11 . A method for providing neurofeedback, comprising:

presenting, at a display device, stimuli to a subject to invoke generation of neurological signal stimulation in a brain of a subject;

measuring, at a brain signal detection device, a plurality of sets of brain signal data that include at least two individual brain signals from the subject's brain acquired during a neurofeedback session having a plurality of neurofeedback periods without acquiring the at least two individual brain signals during one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods, wherein each of the at least two individual brain signals correspond to at least two locations on the subject's brain including a first location on the subject's left-side frontal lobe and a second location on the subject's right-side frontal lobe;

analyzing, at a data processing device in real time during the neurofeedback session, the brain signal data to determine a coherence value for a neurofeedback period of the plurality of neurofeedback periods based on a dynamic threshold, wherein the dynamic threshold is determined based at least on the coherence value from a prior neurofeedback period;

determining an optimal work-to-rest ratio based at least on the dynamic threshold; and

extending a duration of a break period of the one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods based on a decrease in a value or series of values of the dynamic threshold; or

reducing a duration of a break period of the one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods based on an increase in a value or series of values of the dynamic threshold.

12 . A method for providing neurofeedback, comprising:

presenting, at a display device, stimuli to a subject to invoke generation of neurological signal stimulation in a brain of a subject;

measuring, at a brain signal detection device, a plurality of sets of brain signal data that include at least two individual brain signals from the subject's brain acquired during a neurofeedback session having a plurality of neurofeedback periods without acquiring the at least two individual brain signals during one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods, wherein each of the at least two individual brain signals correspond to at least two locations on the subject's brain including a first location on the subject's left-side frontal lobe and a second location on the subject's right-side frontal lobe; and

analyzing, at a data processing device in real time during the neurofeedback session, the brain signal data to determine a coherence value for a neurofeedback period of the plurality of neurofeedback periods based on a dynamic threshold, wherein the dynamic threshold is determined based at least on the coherence value from a prior neurofeedback period,

wherein the analyzing the brain signal data to determine the coherence value for a neurofeedback period based on the dynamic threshold comprises:

receiving a preliminary set of brain signal data acquired over a preliminary time interval; and

analyzing the preliminary set of brain signal data to determine a baseline threshold by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals with respect to time during the preliminary time interval and producing the baseline threshold to be a value corresponding to a percentile in a range of 15% to 30% of the amount of overlap.

13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein at least one of:

a time period of the preliminary time interval includes 30 seconds to 3 minutes, or

a sampling time of the preliminary time interval is 0.1 to 5 seconds.

14 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the analyzing the brain signal data to determine the coherence value for a neurofeedback period based on the dynamic threshold comprises:

receiving a first set of the brain signal data over a first time interval of a first neurofeedback period that follows the preliminary time interval, wherein the first time interval and the preliminary time interval are different time intervals;

analyzing the first set of brain signal data by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals with respect to time during the first time interval; and

producing a first dynamic threshold to be a value corresponding to a percentile in a range of 15% to 30% of the amount of overlap when the baseline threshold was satisfied by the first set of brain signal data of the first time interval, or

maintaining the baseline threshold for a subsequent time interval when the baseline threshold was not satisfied by the first set of brain signal data.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein at least one of:

a time period of the first time interval includes 2 to 4 minutes, or

a sampling time of the first time interval is 0.5 to 1.5 seconds.

16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the analyzing the brain signal data to determine the coherence value for a neurofeedback period based on the dynamic threshold comprises:

receiving a second set of the brain signal data over a second time interval of the first neurofeedback period that follows the first time interval, wherein the second time interval, the first time interval, and the preliminary time interval are different time intervals;

analyzing the second set of brain signal data by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals with respect to time during the second time interval; and

producing a second dynamic threshold to be a value corresponding to a percentile in a range of 15% to 30% of the amount of overlap when the first dynamic threshold was satisfied by the second set of brain signal data of the second time interval, or

maintaining the first threshold for a subsequent time interval when the first threshold was not satisfied by the second set of brain signal data.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein at least one of:

a time period of the second time interval includes 2 to 4 minutes, or

a sampling time of the second time interval is 0.5 to 1.5 seconds.

18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the analyzing the brain signal data to determine the coherence value for a neurofeedback period based on the dynamic threshold comprises:

repeating receiving, analyzing, and producing or maintaining steps of claim 16 for a next set of brain signal data over a next time interval of the first neurofeedback period that follows a previous time interval, wherein the next time interval and the previous time interval are different time intervals;

implementing a first break of the one or more break periods;

repeating receiving, analyzing, and producing or maintaining steps for a plurality of time intervals of a second neurofeedback period; and

concluding the neurofeedback session.

19 . A method for providing neurofeedback, comprising:

presenting, at a display device, stimuli to a subject to invoke generation of neurological signal stimulation in a brain of a subject;

measuring, at a brain signal detection device, a plurality of sets of brain signal data that include at least two individual brain signals from the subject's brain acquired during a neurofeedback session having a plurality of neurofeedback periods without acquiring the at least two individual brain signals during one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods, wherein each of the at least two individual brain signals correspond to at least two locations on the subject's brain including a first location on the subject's left-side frontal lobe and a second location on the subject's right-side frontal lobe;

analyzing, at a data processing device in real time during the neurofeedback session, the brain signal data to determine a coherence value for a neurofeedback period of the plurality of neurofeedback periods based on a dynamic threshold, wherein the dynamic threshold is determined based at least on the coherence value from a prior neurofeedback period; and

controlling, at the data processing device, the presentation of the stimuli, by the display device, during the plurality of neurofeedback periods based on the coherence value, wherein, when the coherence value is determined to not satisfy the dynamic threshold, the stimuli is adjusted by at least temporarily discontinuing the presentation and/or altering content of the presentation, and/or wherein when the coherence value is determined to satisfy the dynamic threshold, the stimuli is adjusted by at least temporarily continuing the presentation and/or altering the content of the presentation.

20 . A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions thereon that, when executed by one or more processors of a computing system, cause the computing system to perform operations for analyzing and utilizing neurofeedback from brain signal data of a subject in real time, the brain signal data including at least two individual brain signals from the subject's brain acquired from two or more electrodes during a neurofeedback session having a plurality of neurofeedback periods without acquiring the at least two individual brain signals during one or more break periods arranged between adjacent neurofeedback periods, wherein each of the at least two individual brain signals correspond to at least two locations on the subject's brain including a first location on the subject's left-side frontal lobe where a first electrode is positioned and a second location on the subject's right-side frontal lobe where a second electrode is positioned, the operations comprising:

receiving a first set of the brain signal data over a first time interval of a first neurofeedback period that follows a preliminary time interval, wherein the first time interval and the preliminary time interval are different time intervals;

analyzing the first set of brain signal data by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals with respect to time during the first time interval; and

producing a first dynamic threshold to be a value corresponding to a percentile of the amount of overlap when a baseline threshold was satisfied by the first set of brain signal data of the first time interval, or

maintaining a baseline threshold for a subsequent time interval when the baseline threshold was not satisfied by the first set of brain signal data, wherein the subsequent time interval and the first time interval are different time intervals.

21 . The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 20 , the operations further comprising:

prior to the receiving the first set of the brain signal data over the first time interval, receiving a preliminary set of brain signal data acquired over the preliminary time interval; and

analyzing the preliminary set of brain signal data to determine a baseline threshold by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals with respect to time during the preliminary time interval and producing the baseline threshold to be a value corresponding to a percentile of the amount of overlap.

22 . The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 20 , the operations further comprising:

receiving a second set of the brain signal data over a second time interval of the first neurofeedback period that follows the first time interval, wherein the second time interval, the first time interval, and the preliminary time interval are different time intervals;

analyzing the second set of brain signal data by calculating an amount of overlap of the at least two individual brain signals with respect to time during the second time interval; and

producing a second dynamic threshold to be a value corresponding to a percentile of the amount of overlap when the first dynamic threshold was satisfied by the second set of brain signal data of the second time interval, or

maintaining the first dynamic threshold for a subsequent time interval when the first threshold was not satisfied by the second set of brain signal data.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (2)

References Cited (22)