Embedded sensors and systems exploiting embedded sensors
Some construction materials are chemically active materials, e.g., concrete, requiring analysis to determine structural properties and physical-mechanical properties. Increasing industry demands for cost reductions, profitability, tighter construction deadlines etc. whilst limiting potential liabilities would benefit from embedded sensors to monitor and assess the material life cycle from initial deployment through to its current and future performance. Embodiments of the invention provide for embedded sensors with low power consumption whilst supporting communications to external devices with position within the infrastructure/construction material positional tolerance with low overhead data retrieval. Embodiments of the invention support automated self-contained data acquisition/logging modules for use throughout life cycle points.
1 . A method comprising:
a) transmitting data from a sensor to a server connected to a network via a gateway also connected to the network;
b) determining whether the sensor established a link with the gateway;
c) upon a positive determination, executing a first process upon the sensor; and
d) upon a negative determination, executing a second process upon the sensor;
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the gateway is via a first wireless link operating according to a first wireless protocol;
wherein the gateway relays the data to the server; and
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the server relates to an environment within which the sensor is deployed.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first process comprises:
e) transmitting data to the gateway, the data comprising at least one of all acquired data since the last transmission and all processed data since the last transmission, where the processed data is established by the sensor in dependence upon the acquired data;
f) turning off a first wireless transceiver employed to communicate with the gateway operating according to the first wireless protocol;
g) acquiring new data according to a third process in execution upon the sensor;
h) determining whether a first timer has expired;
i) upon a positive determination that the first timer has expired, stopping the first process and returning to step (a); and
j) upon a negative determination that the first time has expired, returning to step (g).
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second process comprises:
e) turning off a first wireless transceiver employed to communicate with the gateway operating according to the first wireless protocol;
f) turning on a second wireless transceiver operating according to a second wireless protocol;
g) acquiring new data according to a third process in execution upon the sensor;
h) determining whether the sensor has been polled from an electronic device upon a channel associated with the second wireless protocol;
i) upon a negative determination that the sensor has been polled from the electronic device upon the channel associated with the second wireless protocol, returning to step (g);
j) upon a positive determination that the sensor has been polled from the electronic device upon the channel associated with the second wireless protocol, transmitting the data upon the channel associated with the second wireless protocol to the electronic device;
k) determining whether a first timer has expired;
l) Upon a positive determination that the first timer has expired, stopping the first process and returning to step (a); and
j) upon a negative determination that the first timer has expired, returning to step (g).
4 . A method comprising:
a) transmitting data from a sensor to a server connected to a network via a gateway also connected to the network;
b) determining whether the sensor is authenticated with the gateway;
c) upon a positive determination that the sensor is authenticated with the gateway, executing resetting a counter to zero and executing a first process upon the sensor from a first step of the first process; and
d) upon a negative determination that the sensor is authenticated with the gateway, executing a first sequence comprising the steps of:
e) incrementing the counter;
f) determining whether the counter has exceeded a threshold value or not;
g) upon a positive determination, executing the first process upon the sensor from a second step of the first process; and
h) upon a negative determination, executing a second process upon the sensor;
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the gateway is via a first wireless link operating according to a first wireless protocol;
wherein the gateway relays the data to the server; and
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the server relates to an environment within which the sensor is deployed.
5 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the first process comprises:
i) transmitting the data to the gateway, the data comprising at least one of all acquired data since the last transmission and all processed data since the last transmission, where step (i) is the first step of the first process and the processed data is established by the sensor in dependence upon the acquired data;
j) turning off a first wireless transceiver employed to communicate with the gateway operating according to the first wireless protocol, where step (j) is the second step of the first process;
k) acquiring new data according to a third process in execution upon the sensor;
l) Determining whether a first timer has expired;
m) upon a positive determination that the first timer has expired executing a second sequence comprising the steps of:
n) transmitting data to the gateway, the data comprising at least one of all acquired data since the last transmission and all processed data since the last transmission;
o) determining whether a second timer has expired;
p) upon a negative determination that the second timer has expired returning to step (i); and
q) upon a positive determination that the second timer has expired returning to step (a).
6 . The process according to claim 4 , wherein the second process comprises:
n) turning off a first wireless transceiver employed to communicate with the gateway operating according to the first wireless protocol;
o) turning on a second wireless transceiver operating according to a second wireless protocol;
p) acquiring new data according to a third process in execution upon the sensor;
q) determining whether a second timer has expired;
r) upon a negative determination returning to step (p); and
s) upon a positive determination returning to step (a).
7 . A method comprising:
a) transmitting data from a sensor to a server connected to a network via a gateway also connected to the network, where the sensor transmits to the gateway with a transmitter operating according to a wireless protocol at an initial output power;
b) determining whether the sensor has established a first wireless link with the gateway;
c) upon a positive determination, storing a new initial output power where the new initial output power is the initial output power reduced by a first predetermined power offset and stopping the process;
d) upon a negative determination, executing a process comprising the steps of:
e) establishing an initial value of a counter to one;
f) incrementing the output power of the transmitter to a new output power where the new output power is the initial output power plus a value established in dependence upon the counter and a second predetermined power offset;
g) transmitting second data from a sensor to a gateway with a transmitter operating according to a wireless protocol at the new output power;
h) determining whether the sensor has established the first wireless link with the gateway;
i) upon a positive determination, storing the new initial output power where the new initial output power is the new output power reduced by a first predetermined power offset and stopping the process;
j) upon a negative determination, establishing whether the new output power is equal to or greater than a maximum output power;
k) upon a positive determination that the new output power is equal to or greater than the maximum output power, storing the new initial output power where the new initial output power is the new output power reduced by a first predetermined power offset and stopping the process; and
l) Upon a negative determination that the new output power is equal to or greater than the maximum output power, incrementing the counter by one and proceeding to step f);
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the server relates to an environment within which the sensor is deployed.
8 . A method comprising:
a) transmitting data from a sensor to a server connected to a network via a gateway also connected to the network;
b) tagging a sensor with an electronic device to acquire data relating to the sensor;
c) establishing a first wireless link according to a first wireless protocol between the sensor and the electronic device in dependence upon the data acquired through tagging;
d) determining whether the sensor supports a second wireless protocol in dependence upon the data acquired through tagging;
e) upon a positive determination, transmitting to a database stored upon a remote server an identity of the sensor established in dependence upon the data acquired through tagging;
f) monitoring by a gateway the database;
g) acquiring by the gateway the identity of the sensor from the database; and
h) authenticating the sensor with the gateway in dependence upon communications between the sensor and the gateway according to the second wireless protocol;
wherein the first wireless protocol is different from the second wireless protocol; and
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the server relates to an environment within which the sensor is deployed.
9 . The method according to claim 8 , further comprising:
prior to determining that the sensor supports the second wireless protocol upon establishing the first wireless link, executing a further process comprising the steps of:
transmitting further data to the electronic device from the sensor using the first wireless link; and
authenticating the sensor;
wherein, upon authenticating the sensor, the process proceeds to step (c), otherwise the process stops.
10 . A method comprising:
transmitting data from a sensor to a server connected to a network via a gateway also connected to the network;
wherein the device comprises:
a control circuit, and
an RF circuit coupled to an antenna for receiving an output of a RF generator and generating a signal to be coupled to the antenna;
wherein the RF circuit comprises at least a tunable matching network coupled to the control circuit;
wherein the control circuit establishes the setting of the tunable matching network; and
wherein the data transmitted from the sensor to the server relates to an environment within which the sensor is deployed.