Anti-resonant hollow-core fibers featuring segmented interior cavities and nested anti-resonant structures
An optical fiber may include a cladding structure extending along a fiber length providing a hollow interior fiber region and anti-resonant (AR) elements distributed within the interior fiber region. Each of the AR elements may be formed as walled structures with walls extending along the fiber length, where at least some of the plurality of AR elements are nested to form one or more nested sets of AR elements. At least one of the nested sets of AR element may include a first AR element of the plurality of AR elements, where an interior region of the first AR element is segmented into two or more interior cavities by one or more segmentation walls extending along the fiber length. At least one of the two or more interior cavities of the first AR element may include two or more second AR elements of the plurality of AR elements.
1 . An optical fiber comprising:
a cladding structure extending along a fiber length providing a hollow interior fiber region; and
a plurality of anti-resonant (AR) elements distributed within the hollow interior fiber region, each of the plurality of AR elements formed as walled structures with walls extending along the fiber length, wherein at least some of the plurality of AR elements are nested to form one or more nested sets of AR elements, wherein at least one of the nested sets of AR elements comprises a first AR element of the plurality of AR elements, wherein an interior region of the first AR element is segmented into two or more interior cavities by one or more segmentation walls extending along the fiber length, wherein at least one of the two or more interior cavities of the first AR element includes two or more second AR elements of the plurality of AR elements, wherein the plurality of AR elements is configured to guide light along the fiber length at least partially within the hollow interior fiber region based on optical antiresonance.
2 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the two or more interior cavities have non-circular cross-sectional shapes.
3 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of each of the two or more interior cavities relative to a cross-sectional area of the interior region of the first AR element is greater than or equal to a selected threshold.
4 . The optical fiber of claim 3 , wherein the selected threshold expressed as a percentage is 10%.
5 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein a relative circumferential distance associated with a ratio between a separation distance of endpoints of any of the one or more segmentation walls along a circumference of the first AR element to the circumference of the first AR element is greater than or equal to a selected threshold.
6 . The optical fiber of claim 5 , wherein the selected threshold expressed as a percentage is 10%.
7 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more segmentation walls is another AR element that contributes to the guiding of the light along the fiber length at least partially within the hollow interior fiber region based on optical antiresonance.
8 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of AR elements includes one or more support structures formed as at least a portion of at least one of the walls of at least one of the plurality of AR elements, wherein the one or more support structures have non-uniform thickness profiles.
9 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the interior region of the first AR element is segmented into three or more interior cavities by two or more segmentation walls extending along the fiber length.
10 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , further comprising:
one or more third AR elements nested within an interior cavity of at least one of the two or more second AR elements.
11 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , further comprising:
one or more third AR elements nested within an interior cavity of at least one of the two or more second AR elements.
12 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , further comprising:
one or more additional structures connected to the cladding structure.
13 . The optical fiber of claim 12 , wherein at least one of the one or more nested sets of AR elements is connected to at least one of the one or more additional structures.
14 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cladding structure is formed from two or more layers of material.
15 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , further comprising:
one or more perimeter structures between the cladding structure and at least one of the plurality of AR elements.
16 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the one or more nested sets of AR elements include two or more nested sets of AR elements uniformly distributed around a perimeter of the hollow interior fiber region.
17 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the one or more nested sets of AR elements include two or more nested sets of AR elements non-uniformly distributed around a perimeter of the hollow interior fiber region.
18 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the one or more nested sets of AR elements include two or more nested sets of AR elements with a common design.
19 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more nested sets of AR elements comprises:
a first set of AR elements having a first design; and
a second set of AR elements having a second design.
20 . The optical fiber of claim 19 , wherein the cladding structure is formed from two or more layers of material.
21 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cladding structure is formed from two or more layers of material, wherein the cladding structure further includes one or more additional structures between at least two of the two or more layers of the material.
22 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the hollow interior fiber region is filled with a gas.
23 . The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the hollow interior fiber region is under vacuum.
24 . An optical fiber comprising:
a cladding structure extending along a fiber length providing a hollow interior fiber region; and
a plurality of anti-resonant (AR) elements distributed within the hollow interior fiber region, each of the plurality of AR elements formed as walled structures with walls extending along the fiber length, wherein at least some of the plurality of AR elements are nested to form one or more nested sets of AR elements, wherein at least one of the nested sets of AR elements comprises a first AR element of the plurality of AR elements, wherein an interior region of the first AR element is segmented into two or more interior cavities by one or more segmentation walls extending along the fiber length, wherein each one of the two or more interior cavities of the first AR element includes one or more second AR elements of the plurality of AR elements, wherein the plurality of AR elements is configured to guide light along the fiber length at least partially within the hollow interior fiber region based on optical antiresonance.
25 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the two or more interior cavities have non-circular cross-sectional shapes.
26 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of each of the two or more interior cavities relative to a cross-sectional area of the interior region of the first AR element is greater than or equal to a selected threshold.
27 . The optical fiber of claim 26 , wherein the selected threshold expressed as a percentage is 10%.
28 . The optical fiber of claim 25 , wherein a relative circumferential distance associated with a ratio between a separation distance of endpoints of any of the one or more segmentation walls along a circumference of the first AR element to the circumference of the first AR element is greater than or equal to a selected threshold.
29 . The optical fiber of claim 28 , wherein the selected threshold expressed as a percentage is 10%.
30 . The optical fiber of claim 28 , wherein at least one of the one or more segmentation walls is another AR element that contributes to the guiding of the light along the fiber length at least partially within the hollow interior fiber region based on optical antiresonance.
31 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein at least one of the plurality of AR elements includes one or more support structures formed as at least a portion of at least one of the walls of at least one of the plurality of AR elements, wherein the one or more support structures have non-uniform thickness profiles.
32 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the interior region of the first AR element is segmented into three or more interior cavities by two or more segmentation walls extending along the fiber length.
33 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , further comprising:
one or more third AR elements nested within an interior cavity of at least one of the one or more second AR elements.
34 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , further comprising:
one or more third AR elements nested within an interior cavity of at least one of the one or more second AR elements.
35 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , further comprising:
one or more additional structures connected to the cladding structure.
36 . The optical fiber of claim 35 , wherein at least one of the one or more nested sets of AR elements is connected to at least one of the one or more additional structures.
37 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the cladding structure is formed from two or more layers of material.
38 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , further comprising:
one or more perimeter structures between the cladding structure and at least one of the plurality of AR elements.
39 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the one or more nested sets of AR elements include two or more nested sets of AR elements uniformly distributed around a perimeter of the hollow interior fiber region.
40 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the one or more nested sets of AR elements include two or more nested sets of AR elements non-uniformly distributed around a perimeter of the hollow interior fiber region.
41 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the one or more nested sets of AR elements include two or more nested sets of AR elements with a common design.
42 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein at least one of the one or more nested sets of AR elements comprises:
a first set of AR elements having a first design; and
a second set of AR elements having a second design.
43 . The optical fiber of claim 42 , wherein the cladding structure is formed from two or more layers of material.
44 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the cladding structure is formed from two or more layers of material, wherein the cladding structure further includes one or more additional structures between at least two of the two or more layers of the material.
45 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the hollow interior fiber region is filled with a gas.
46 . The optical fiber of claim 24 , wherein the hollow interior fiber region is under vacuum.